Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

8. DERIVATIVES

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8. DERIVATIVES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
DERIVATIVES

The business and activities of the Company expose it to a variety of market risks, including risks related to changes in commodity prices. The Company monitors and manages these financial exposures as an integral part of its risk management program. This program recognizes the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to reduce the potentially adverse effects that market volatility could have on operating results.

 

Commodity Risk – Cash Flow Hedges – The Company uses derivative instruments to protect cash flows from fluctuations caused by volatility in commodity prices for periods of up to twelve months in order to protect gross profit margins from potentially adverse effects of market and price volatility on ethanol sale and purchase commitments where the prices are set at a future date and/or if the contracts specify a floating or index-based price for ethanol. In addition, the Company hedges anticipated sales of ethanol to minimize its exposure to the potentially adverse effects of price volatility. These derivatives may be designated and documented as cash flow hedges and effectiveness is evaluated by assessing the probability of the anticipated transactions and regressing commodity futures prices against the Company’s purchase and sales prices. Ineffectiveness, which is defined as the degree to which the derivative does not offset the underlying exposure, is recognized immediately in cost of goods sold. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company did not designate any of its derivatives as cash flow hedges.

 

Commodity Risk – Non-Designated Hedges – The Company uses derivative instruments to lock in prices for certain amounts of corn and ethanol by entering into exchange-traded forward contracts for those commodities. These derivatives are not designated for special hedge accounting treatment. The changes in fair value of these contracts are recorded on the balance sheet and recognized immediately in cost of goods sold. The Company recognized net losses of $1,984,000, $542,000 and $808,000 as the change in the fair value of these contracts for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

 

Non Designated Derivative Instruments – The classification and amounts of the Company’s derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are as follows (in thousands):

 

  As of December 31, 2016  
  Assets          Liabilities    
Type of Instrument   Balance Sheet Location   Fair
Value		     Balance Sheet Location   Fair
Value		  
Commodity contracts   Derivative assets   $ 978     Derivative liabilities   $ 4,115  
        $ 978          $ 4,115  

 

 

  As of December 31, 2015  
  Assets          Liabilities    
Type of Instrument   Balance Sheet Location   Fair
Value		     Balance Sheet Location   Fair
Value		  
Commodity contracts   Derivative assets   $ 2,081     Derivative liabilities   $ 1,848  
        $ 2,081          $ 1,848  

 

The classification and amounts of the Company’s recognized gains (losses) for its derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are as follows (in thousands):

 

    Realized Gains (Losses)  
      For the Years Ended December 31,  
Type of Instrument   Statements of Operations Location   2016     2015     2014  
Commodity contracts   Cost of goods sold   $ 1,386     $ (338 )   $ (1,144 )
        $ 1,386     $ (338 )   $ (1,144 )

 

     

Unrealized Gains (Losses)

  
      For the Years Ended December 31,  
Type of Instrument   Statements of Operations Location   2016     2015     2014  
Commodity contracts   Cost of goods sold   $ (3,370 )   $ (204 )   $ 336  
        $ (3,370 )   $ (204 )   $ 336