SCHEDULE
14A INFORMATION
Proxy
Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934
Filed by
the Registrant |X|
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a Party other than the Registrant | |
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Preliminary
Proxy Statement
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Confidential,
for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule
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Definitive
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Soliciting
Material Pursuant to Section 240.14a-12
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PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC. |
(Name of Registrant
as Specified In Its Charter) |
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(Name of Person(s)
Filing Proxy Statement if other than the
Registrant) |
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
400
Capitol Mall, Suite 2060
Sacramento,
California 95814
November
19, 2009
Dear
Fellow Stockholders:
We
cordially invite you to attend the 2009 Annual Meeting of stockholders of
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., which will be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on December
29, 2009 at 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento,
California 95814. All stockholders of record at the close
of business on November 12, 2009 are entitled to vote at the Annual
Meeting. The formal meeting notice and Proxy Statement are
attached.
At this
year’s Annual Meeting, stockholders will be asked to elect seven directors and
ratify the appointment of Hein & Associates LLP to serve as our independent
registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31,
2009. In addition, stockholders will transact any other business that
may properly come before the meeting. A report on the business
operations of Pacific Ethanol will also be presented at the meeting and
stockholders will have an opportunity to ask questions.
This
year, in accordance with rules adopted by the United States Securities and
Exchange Commission, we are using the Internet as our primary means of
furnishing proxy materials to our stockholders. Accordingly, most
stockholders will not receive paper copies of our proxy materials. We
will instead send our stockholders a notice with instructions for accessing the
proxy materials and voting electronically over the Internet or by
telephone. The notice also provides information on how stockholders
may request paper copies of our proxy materials. We believe this new
rule will help us reduce the environmental impact and costs of printing and
distributing paper copies and improve the speed and efficiency by which our
stockholders can access these materials.
Whether
or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, it is important that your shares
be represented and voted at the meeting and we urge you to vote as soon as
possible. As an alternative to voting in person at the Annual Meeting, you may
vote electronically over the Internet or by telephone, or if you receive a proxy
card or voting instruction form in the mail, by mailing the completed proxy card
or voting instruction form. Timely voting by any of these methods will ensure
your representation at the Annual Meeting.
We look
forward to seeing you December 29th.
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
NOTICE
OF THE 2009 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO
BE HELD DECEMBER 29, 2009
__________________________
NOTICE IS
HEREBY GIVEN that the 2009 Annual Meeting of stockholders of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc., a Delaware corporation, will be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on December
29, 2009 at our corporate headquarters at 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060,
Sacramento, California 95814, for the following purposes, as more
fully described in the Proxy Statement accompanying this notice:
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To
elect seven directors to serve on our Board of Directors until the next
annual meeting of stockholders and/or until their successors are duly
elected and qualified. The nominees for election are William L.
Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Terry L. Stone, John L. Prince, Douglas L. Kieta,
Larry D. Layne and Michael D.
Kandris.
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To
ratify the appointment of Hein & Associates LLP as our independent
registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31,
2009.
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To
transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual
Meeting or any adjournment(s) or postponement(s)
thereof.
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All
stockholders of record at the close of business on November 12, 2009 are
entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting and any adjournment(s)
or postponement(s) thereof.
We
cordially invite all stockholders to attend the Annual Meeting in
person. Whether or not you plan to attend, it is important that your
shares be represented and voted at the meeting. As an alternative to
voting in person at the Annual Meeting, you can vote your shares electronically
over the Internet, or if you receive a proxy card or voting instruction form in
the mail, by mailing the completed proxy card or voting instruction
form.
For
admission to the Annual Meeting, each stockholder may be asked to present valid
picture identification, such as a driver’s license or passport, and proof of
ownership of our capital stock as of the record date, such as the enclosed proxy
card or a brokerage statement reflecting stock ownership.
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By
Order of the Board of Directors,
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Sacramento,
California
November
19, 2009
YOUR
VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF SHARES YOU
OWN. PLEASE READ THE ATTACHED PROXY STATEMENT
CAREFULLY. TO ENSURE YOUR REPRESENTATION AT THE ANNUAL MEETING PLEASE
PROMPTLY SUBMIT YOUR PROXY OR VOTING INSTRUCTION ELECTRONICALLY OVER THE
INTERNET OR BY TELEPHONE, OR IF YOU RECEIVE A PAPER PROXY CARD OR VOTING
INSTRUCTION FORM, YOU MAY MAIL THE COMPLETED PROXY CARD OR VOTING INSTRUCTION
FORM IN THE ENCLOSED POSTAGE-PAID ENVELOPE.
INTERNET
AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS
THIS
YEAR, IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULES ADOPTED BY THE U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION, WE ARE USING THE INTERNET AS OUR PRIMARY MEANS OF FURNISHING PROXY
MATERIALS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. CONSEQUENTLY, MOST STOCKHOLDERS WILL NOT RECEIVE
PAPER COPIES OF OUR PROXY MATERIALS. WE WILL INSTEAD SEND EACH STOCKHOLDER A
NOTICE OF INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS WITH INSTRUCTIONS FOR
ACCESSING OVER THE INTERNET THE PROXY MATERIALS, INCLUDING OUR PROXY STATEMENT
AND ANNUAL REPORT, AND VOTING ELECTRONICALLY OVER THE INTERNET. THE NOTICE OF
INTERNET AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS ALSO PROVIDES INFORMATION ON HOW
STOCKHOLDERS MAY OBTAIN PAPER COPIES OF OUR PROXY MATERIALS IF THEY SO CHOOSE.
WE BELIEVE THIS NEW RULE WILL HELP PACIFIC ETHANOL REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT AND COSTS OF PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTING PAPER COPIES AND IMPROVE THE SPEED
AND EFFICIENCY BY WHICH YOU CAN ACCESS THESE MATERIALS. IF YOU PREVIOUSLY
ELECTED TO RECEIVE OUR PROXY MATERIALS ELECTRONICALLY, THESE MATERIALS WILL
CONTINUE TO BE SENT VIA EMAIL UNLESS YOU CHANGE YOUR
ELECTION.
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
PROXY
STATEMENT
FOR
THE 2009 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
DECEMBER
29, 2009
__________________________
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
PROXY
STATEMENT
FOR
THE 2009 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
DECEMBER
29, 2009
__________________________
This
Proxy Statement is being furnished in connection with the solicitation of
proxies by our board of directors (“Board”) for use at the 2009 Annual Meeting
of stockholders to be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on December 29, 2009 at 400 Capitol Mall, Suite
2060, Sacramento, California 95814, and at any adjournment(s) or
postponement(s) of the Annual Meeting. This Proxy Statement is first
being mailed to stockholders on or about November 19, 2009.
A copy of
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, as amended,
has been provided concurrently with this proxy statement (or made available
electronically, for stockholders who elected to access these materials over the
Internet) to all stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual
Meeting. The Annual Report is not to be regarded as proxy soliciting
material or as a communication through which any solicitation of proxies is
made.
If you
are a “registered holder,” that is your shares are registered in your own name
through our transfer agent, and you are viewing this proxy over the Internet you
may vote electronically over the Internet. For those stockholders who
receive a paper proxy in the mail, you may also vote electronically over the
Internet or by telephone or by completing and mailing the proxy card
provided. The website identified in our Notice of Internet
Availability of Proxy Materials provides specific instructions on how to vote
electronically over the Internet. Those stockholders who receive a
paper proxy by mail, and who elect to vote by mail, should complete and return
the mailed proxy card in the prepaid and addressed envelope that was enclosed
with the proxy materials.
If your
shares are held in “street name,” that is, your shares are held in the name of a
brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, you will receive instructions from your
record holder that must be followed for your record holder to vote your shares
per your instructions. Your broker will be sending you a Notice of
Internet Availability which contains instructions on how to access the website
to vote your shares. I f, however, you have elected to receive paper copies of
our proxy materials from your brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, you will
receive a voting instruction form. Please complete and return the
enclosed voting instruction form in the addressed, postage paid envelope
provided.
Stockholders
who have previously elected to access our proxy materials and annual report
electronically over the Internet will continue to receive an email, referred to
in this proxy statement as an email notice, with information on how to access
the proxy information and voting instructions.
Only
proxy cards and voting instruction forms that have been signed, dated and timely
returned and only proxies that have been timely voted electronically will be
counted in the quorum and voted. The Internet and telephone voting
facilities will close at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday,
December 28, 2009.
Stockholders
who vote over the Internet or by telephone need not return a proxy card or
voting instruction form by mail, but may incur costs, such as usage charges,
from telephone companies or Internet service providers.
You may
also vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting. If you are a
registered holder, you may request a ballot at the Annual Meeting. If
your shares are held in street name and you wish to vote in person at the
meeting, you must obtain a proxy issued in your name from the record holder
(e.g., your broker) and bring it with you to the Annual Meeting. We
recommend that you vote your shares in advance as described above so that your
vote will be counted if you later decide not to attend the Annual
Meeting.
If you
receive more than one Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, email
notice, proxy card or voting instruction form because your shares are held in
multiple accounts or registered in different names or addresses, please vote
your shares held in each
account to ensure that all of your shares will be voted.
All votes
will be tabulated by the inspector of election appointed for the Annual Meeting,
who will separately tabulate affirmative and negative votes, abstentions and
broker non-votes.
If your
proxy is properly submitted, the shares represented thereby will be voted at the
Annual Meeting in accordance with your instructions. If you are a registered
holder and you do not specify how the shares represented thereby are to be
voted, your shares will be voted (i) “FOR” the election of each of
the seven nominees to our Board listed in the proxy, (ii) “FOR” the approval of
Proposal Two, and (iii) in the discretion of the proxy holders as to
any other matters that may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any
adjournment(s) or postponement(s) of the Annual Meeting, as well as any
procedural matters. If your shares are held in street name and you do
not specify how the shares represented thereby are to be voted, your broker may
exercise its discretionary authority to vote on Proposals One and
Two.
If your
shares are registered in your name, you may revoke or change your vote at any
time before the Annual Meeting by voting again electronically over the Internet
or telephone, or by filing a notice of revocation or another proxy card with a
later date with our Secretary at Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite
2060, Sacramento, California 95814. If you are a registered
stockholder and attend the Annual Meeting and vote by ballot, any proxy that you
submitted previously to vote the same shares will be revoked automatically and
only your vote at the Annual Meeting will be counted. If your shares
are held in street name, you should contact the record holder to obtain
instructions if you wish to revoke or change your vote before the Annual
Meeting; please note that if your shares are held in street name, your vote in
person at the Annual Meeting will not be effective unless you have obtained and
present a proxy issued in your name from the record holder.
At the
close of business on November 12,
2009, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of
and to vote at the Annual Meeting, we had issued and outstanding 57,636,828
shares of common stock held by 509 holders of record and 2,346,152 shares of
Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”)
held by five holders of record. Only stockholders of record at the
close of business on the record date are entitled to notice of and to vote at
the Annual Meeting or at any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) of the
meeting.
Each
share of our common stock issued and outstanding on the record date entitles the
holder of that share to one vote at the Annual Meeting for all matters to be
voted on at the meeting. Each share of our Series B Preferred Stock
issued and outstanding on the record date entitles the holder of that share to
three votes at the Annual Meeting for all matters to be voted on at the
meeting.
The
holders of a majority of the voting power of our issued and outstanding capital
stock and entitled to vote on a proposal at the Annual Meeting, present in
person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for purposes of voting
on such proposal. Votes cast at the Annual Meeting will be tabulated
by the person or persons appointed by us to act as inspectors of election for
the meeting. Shares of our common stock and our Series B Preferred
Stock represented in person or by proxy (regardless of whether the proxy has
authority to vote on all matters), as well as abstentions and broker non-votes,
will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at the
Annual Meeting.
An
“abstention” is the voluntary act of not voting by a stockholder who is present
at a meeting and entitled to vote. “Broker non-votes” are shares of
voting stock held in record name by brokers and nominees concerning which (i)
instructions have not been received from the beneficial owners or persons
entitled to vote, (ii) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting
power under applicable rules or the instrument under which it serves in such
capacity, or (iii) the record holder has indicated on the proxy or has executed
a proxy and otherwise notified us that it does not have authority to vote such
shares on that matter.
Abstentions
and broker non-votes are not be included in the vote totals for the election of
directors and therefore will have no effect on the vote for that
proposal. For Proposal Two, which requires for approval the
affirmative vote of the majority of shares present in person or represented by
proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the proposal, abstentions but not
broker non-votes will be treated as shares present and entitled to vote on the
proposals. Applying that standard, an abstention will have the effect
of a vote “against” Proposal Two, and a broker non-vote will reduce the absolute
number (although not the percentage) of the affirmative votes needed for
approval of Proposal Two.
We will
pay the expenses of soliciting proxies for the Annual Meeting, including the
cost of preparing, assembling and mailing the proxy solicitation
materials. Proxies may be solicited personally, by mail or by
telephone, or by our directors, officers and regular employees who will not be
additionally compensated. We have no present plans to hire special
employees or paid solicitors to assist in obtaining proxies, but we reserve the
option to do so if it appears that a quorum otherwise might not be
obtained. The matters to be considered and acted upon at the Annual
Meeting are referred to in the preceding notice and are discussed below more
fully.
ELECTION
OF DIRECTORS
Our
bylaws provide for seven directors unless otherwise changed by resolution of our
Board. Directors are elected annually and hold office until the next
annual meeting of stockholders and/or until their respective successors are duly
elected and qualified. Stockholders who desire to nominate any person
for election to our Board must comply with our bylaws, including our advance
notice bylaw provisions relating to the nomination of persons for election to
our Board. See “Information about our Board of Directors, Board
Committees and Related Matters—Board Committees and Meetings, Nominating and
Governance Committee” below. It is intended that the proxies
solicited by our Board will be voted “FOR” election of the following
seven nominees unless a contrary instruction is made on the
proxy: William L. Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Terry L. Stone, John L.
Prince, Douglas L. Kieta, Larry D. Layne and Michael D. Kandris. If,
for any reason, one or more of the nominees is unavailable as a candidate for
director, an event that is not anticipated, the person named in the proxy will
vote for another candidate or candidates nominated by our Nominating and
Governance Committee. However, under no circumstances may a proxy be
voted in favor of a greater number of persons than the number of nominees named
above. All of the nominees for director are, at present, directors of
Pacific Ethanol and have been nominated by our Nominating and Governance
Committee and ratified by our full Board.
Required
Vote of Stockholders
The seven
nominees receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of the outstanding
shares of our common stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a
single class, present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and entitled
to vote, will be elected as directors to serve until the next annual meeting of
stockholders and/or until their successors are duly elected and
qualified. Votes against a candidate, abstentions and broker
non-votes will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is
present for this proposal, but will not be included in the vote totals for this
proposal and, therefore, will have no effect on the vote.
Recommendation
of the Board of Directors
OUR BOARD
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF THE SEVEN
DIRECTOR NOMINEES LISTED ABOVE.
BOARD
COMMITTEES AND RELATED MATTERS
Directors
and Director Nominees
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding our current directors
and director nominees as of November 16, 2009:
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William
L.
Jones
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Chairman
of the Board, Director and Director Nominee
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Neil
M.
Koehler
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51
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Chief
Executive Officer, President, Director and Director
Nominee
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Terry
L. Stone (1)
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Director
and Director Nominee
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John
L. Prince (1)
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Douglas
L. Kieta (2)
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Larry
D. Layne (3)
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Michael
D.
Kandris
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Director
and Director Nominee
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___________
(1) Member
of the Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Governance
Committees.
(2) Member
of the Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committees.
(3) Member
of the Audit and Compensation Committees.
Following
is a brief description of the business experience and educational background of
each of the nominees for director, including the capacities in which he has
served during the past five years:
William L.
Jones has served as Chairman of the Board and as a director since March
2005. Mr. Jones is a co-founder of Pacific Ethanol California, Inc.
(“PEI California”), which is now one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and
served as Chairman of the Board of PEI California since its formation in January
2003 through March 2004, when he stepped off the board of PEI California to
focus on his candidacy for one of California’s United States Senate
seats. Mr. Jones was California’s Secretary of State from 1995 to
2003. Since May 2002, Mr. Jones has also been the owner of Tri-J Land
& Cattle, a diversified farming and cattle company in Fresno County,
California. Mr. Jones has a B.A. degree in Agribusiness and Plant
Sciences from California State University, Fresno.
Neil M.
Koehler has served as Chief Executive Officer, President and as a
director since March 2005. Mr. Koehler served as Chief Executive
Officer of PEI California since its formation in January 2003 and as a member of
its board of directors since March 2004. Prior to his association
with PEI California, Mr. Koehler was the co-founder and General Manager of
Parallel Products, one of the first ethanol production facilities in California,
which was sold to a public company in 1997. Mr. Koehler was also the
sole manager and sole limited liability company member of Kinergy Marketing,
LLC, which he founded in September 2000, and which is now one of our
wholly-owned subsidiaries. Mr. Koehler has over 20 years of
experience in the ethanol production, sales and marketing industry in the
Western United States. Mr. Koehler is a Director of the California
Renewable Fuels Partnership, a Director of the Renewable Fuels Association and
is a nationally-recognized speaker on the production and marketing of renewable
fuels. Mr. Koehler has a B.A. degree in Government from Pomona
College.
Terry L.
Stone has served as a director since March 2005. Mr. Stone is
a Certified Public Accountant with over thirty years of experience in accounting
and taxation. He has been the owner of his own accountancy firm since
1990 and has provided accounting and taxation services to a wide range of
industries, including agriculture, manufacturing, retail, equipment leasing,
professionals and not-for-profit organizations. Mr. Stone has served
as a part-time instructor at California State University, Fresno, teaching
classes in taxation, auditing and financial and management
accounting. Mr. Stone is also a financial advisor and franchisee of
Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc. Mr. Stone has a B.S. degree in
Accounting from California State University, Fresno.
John L.
Prince has served as a director since July 2005. Mr. Prince is
retired but also works as a consultant to Ruan Transport Corp. and other
companies. Mr. Prince was an Executive Vice President with Land O’
Lakes, Inc. from July 1998 until his retirement in 2004. Prior to
that time, Mr. Prince was President and Chief Executive Officer of Dairyman’s
Cooperative Creamery Association, or the DCCA, located in Tulare, California,
until its merger with Land O’ Lakes, Inc. in July 1998. Land O’
Lakes, Inc. is a farmer-owned, national branded organization based in Minnesota
with annual sales in excess of $6 billion and membership and operations in over
30 states. Prior to joining the DCCA, Mr. Prince was President and
Chief Executive Officer for nine years until 1994, and was Operations Manager
for the preceding ten years commencing in 1975, of the Alto Dairy Cooperative in
Waupun, Wisconsin. Mr. Prince has a B.A. degree in Business
Administration from the University of Northern Iowa.
Douglas L.
Kieta has
served as a director since April 2006. Mr. Kieta is currently
retired. Prior to retirement in January 2009, Mr. Kieta was employed by
BE&K, Inc., a large engineering and construction company headquartered in
Birmingham, Alabama, where he served as the Vice President of Power since May
2006. From April 1999 to April 2006, Mr. Kieta was employed at
Calpine Corporation where he was the Senior Vice President of Construction and
Engineering. Calpine Corporation is a major North American power
company which leases and operates integrated systems of fuel-efficient natural
gas-fired and renewable geothermal power plants and delivers clean, reliable and
fuel-efficient electricity to customers and communities in 21 U.S. states and
three Canadian provinces. Mr. Kieta has a B.S. degree in Civil
Engineering from Clarkson University and a Master’s degree in Civil Engineering
from Cornell University.
Larry D.
Layne has served as a director since December 2007. Mr. Layne
joined First Western Bank in 1963 and served in various capacities with First
Western Bank and its acquiror, Lloyds Bank of California, and Lloyd’s acquiror,
Sanwa Bank, until his retirement in 2000. Sanwa Bank was subsequently
acquired by Bank of the West. From 1999 to 2000, Mr. Layne was Vice
Chairman of Sanwa Bank in charge of its Commercial Banking Group which
encompassed all of Sanwa Bank’s 38 commercial and business banking centers and
12 Pacific Rim branches as well as numerous internal
departments. From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Layne was also Chairman of the
Board of The Eureka Funds, a mutual fund family of five separate investment
funds with total assets of $900 million. From 1996 to 2000, Mr. Layne
was Group Executive Vice President of the Relationship Banking Group of Sanwa
Bank in charge of its 107 branches and 13 commercial banking centers as well as
numerous internal departments. Mr. Layne has also served in various
capacities with many industry and community organizations, including as Director
and Chairman of the Board of the Agricultural Foundation at California State
University, Fresno (“CSUF”); Chairman of the Audit Committee of the Ag.
Foundation at CSUF; board member of the Fresno Metropolitan Flood Control
District; and Chairman of the Ag Lending Committee of the California Bankers
Association. Mr. Layne has a B.S. degree in Dairy Husbandry from CSUF
and is a graduate of the California Agriculture Leadership Program.
Michael D.
Kandris has served as a director since June 2008. Mr. Kandris has been
the President, Western Division of Ruan Transportation Management Systems
(“RTMS”) for the past year and a half. For the previous six years,
Mr. Kandris served as President and Chief Operating Officer of RTMS. Mr. Kandris
has 30 years of experience in all modes of transportation and logistics. As
President for RTMS, Mr. Kandris held responsibilities in numerous operations and
administrative functions. Mr. Kandris serves as a board member for
the National Tank Truck Organization. Mr. Kandris has a B.S. degree in Business
from California State University, Hayward.
Corporate
Governance
Our Board
believes that good corporate governance is paramount to ensure that Pacific
Ethanol is managed for the long-term benefit of our stockholders. Our
Board has adopted corporate governance guidelines that guide its actions with
respect to, among other things, the composition of the Board and its decision
making processes, Board meetings and involvement of management, the Board’s
standing committees and procedures for appointing members of the committees, and
its performance evaluation of our Chief Executive Officer.
Our Board
has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our
directors, officers and employees and an additional Code of Business Ethics that
applies to our Chief Executive Officer and senior financial
officers. The Codes of Ethics, as applied to our principal executive
officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer
constitutes our “code of ethics” within the meaning of Section 406 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and is our “code of conduct” within the meaning of
the listing standards of NASDAQ. Our Codes of Ethics are available at our
website at http://www.pacificethanol.net. Information
on our Internet website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this
Proxy Statement or incorporated into any other filings we make with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Director
Independence
Our
corporate governance guidelines provide that a majority of the Board and all
members of the Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committees of
the Board will be independent. On an annual basis, each director and
executive officer is obligated to complete a Director and Officer Questionnaire
that requires disclosure of any transactions with Pacific Ethanol in which a
director or executive officer, or any member of his or her immediate family,
have a direct or indirect material interest. Following completion of
these questionnaires, the Board, with the assistance of the Nominating and
Governance Committee, makes an annual determination as to the independence of
each director using the current standards for “independence” established by the
Securities and Exchange Commission and NASDAQ, additional criteria set forth in
our corporate governance guidelines and consideration of any other material
relationship a director may have with Pacific Ethanol.
The Board
has determined that all of its directors are independent under these standards,
except for (i) Mr. Jones, who is the father-in-law of Ryan W. Turner, one of our
former executive officers who resigned in April 2006, and who is currently a
consultant to Pacific Ethanol, and (ii) Mr. Koehler, who serves
full-time as our Chief Executive Officer and President.
Stockholder
Communications with our Board of Directors
Our Board
has implemented a process by which stockholders may send written communications
directly to the attention of our Board or any individual member of our
Board. Mr. Stone, the Chairman of our Audit Committee, is responsible
for monitoring communications from stockholders and providing copies of such
communications to the other directors as he considers
appropriate. Communications will be forwarded to all directors if
they relate to substantive matters and include suggestions or comments that Mr.
Stone considers to be important for the directors to
consider. Stockholders who wish to communicate with our Board can
write to Terry L. Stone, The Board of Directors, Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400
Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814.
Board
Committees and Meetings
Our
business, property and affairs are managed under the direction of our
Board. Our directors are kept informed of our business through
discussions with our executive officers, by reviewing materials provided to them
and by participating in meetings of our Board and its
committees. During 2008, our Board held 21 meetings. All
directors attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the meetings of our Board
and of the committees on which they served or that were held during the period
they were directors or committee members.
Members
of our Board and its committees also consulted informally with management from
time to time and acted at various times by written consent without a meeting
during 2008. Additionally, the independent members of the Board met
in executive session regularly without the presence of management.
It is our
policy to invite and encourage our directors to attend our annual
meetings. At the date of our 2008 annual meeting, we had seven
members on our Board, six of whom were in attendance at our 2008 annual
meeting.
Our Board
has established standing Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Governance
Committees. Each committee operates pursuant to a written charter
that has been approved by our Board and the corresponding committee and that is
reviewed annually and revised as appropriate. Each charter is available at our
website at http://www.pacificethanol.net.
Audit
Committee
Our Audit
Committee selects our independent auditors, reviews the results and scope of the
audit and other services provided by our independent auditors, and reviews our
financial statements for each interim period and for our year
end. Messrs. Stone, Prince and Layne served on our Audit Committee
for all of 2008. Our Board has determined that each member of the
Audit Committee is “independent” under the current NASDAQ listing standards and
satisfies the other requirements under NASDAQ listing standards and Securities
and Exchange Commission rules regarding audit committee
membership. Our Board has determined that Mr. Stone (i) qualifies as
an “audit committee financial expert” under applicable Securities and Exchange
Commission rules and regulations governing the composition of the Audit
Committee, and (ii) satisfies the “financial sophistication” requirements of the
NASDAQ listing standards. During 2008, our Audit Committee held 10
meetings. The Audit Committee Report for 2008 can be found on page 15
of this Proxy Statement.
Compensation
Committee
Our
Compensation Committee is responsible for establishing and administering our
overall policies on compensation and the compensation to be provided to our
executive officers, including, among other things, annual salaries and bonuses,
stock options, stock grants, other stock-based awards, and other incentive
compensation arrangements. In addition, the Compensation Committee
reviews the philosophy and policies behind the salary, bonus and stock
compensation arrangements for all other employees. Although our
Compensation Committee makes all compensation decisions as to our executive
officers, our Chief Executive Officer makes recommendations to our Compensation
Committee regarding compensation for the other named executive
officers. Our Compensation Committee has the authority to administer
our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan with respect to grants to executive officers and
directors, and also has authority to make equity awards under our 2006 Stock
Incentive Plan to all other eligible individuals. However, our Board
may retain, reassume or exercise from time to time the power to administer our
2006 Stock Incentive Plan. Equity awards made to members of the
Compensation Committee must be authorized and approved by a disinterested
majority of our Board.
The
Compensation Committee evaluates both performance and compensation to ensure
that the total compensation paid to our executive officers is fair, reasonable
and competitive so that we can attract and retain superior employees in key
positions. The Compensation Committee believes that compensation
packages offered to our executives, including the named executive officers,
should include both cash and equity-based compensation that reward performance
as measured against established goals. The Compensation Committee has
the authority to retain consultants, and other advisors and in furtherance of
the foregoing objectives, our Compensation Committee in 2008 engaged Hewitt
Associates LLC, a global human resources consulting firm, to conduct an annual
review of our total compensation program for the named executive officers and
other executives. From that review, Hewitt Associates provided our
Compensation Committee with relevant market data and alternatives to consider
when making compensation decisions as to the named executive officers and when
making decisions as to the recommendations being made by our management for
other executives. In making compensation decisions, our Compensation
Committee compared each element of total compensation against market data
obtained by Hewitt Associates. To the extent considered necessary,
the Compensation Committee may reengage Hewitt Associates, or in the expected
absence of significant changes in market data, the Compensation Committee may
reuse the data obtained in 2008 as a reference point for future compensation
decisions. The Compensation Committee generally expects to set total
compensation for the named executive officers at the median of compensation paid
to similarly situated executives of the companies comprising the market data
provided to us by Hewitt Associates.
Additional
information concerning the compensation policies and objectives established by
the Compensation Committee is included under the heading “Executive Compensation
and Related Information — Compensation Discussion and Analysis”
below. The Compensation Committee Report for 2008 can be found on
page 26 of this Proxy Statement.
Messrs.
Stone, Prince, Kieta and Layne served on our Compensation Committee for all of
2008. Our Board has determined that each member of the Compensation
Committee is “independent” under the current NASDAQ listing
standards. During 2008, our Compensation Committee held five
meetings.
Nominating
and Governance Committee
Our
Nominating and Governance Committee selects nominees for our
Board. During 2008, our Nominating and Governance Committee consisted
of Messrs. Stone, Prince and Kieta. Our Board has determined that
each member of the Nominating and Governance Committee is “independent” under
the current NASDAQ listing standards. During 2008, our Nominating and
Governance Committee held one meeting.
The
Nominating and Governance Committee will consider candidates for director
recommended by any stockholder that is the beneficial owner of shares
representing more than 1.0% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock
and who has beneficially owned those shares for at least one
year. The Nominating and Governance Committee will evaluate those
recommendations by applying its regular nominee criteria and considering the
additional information described in the Nominating and Governance Committee’s
below-referenced charter. Stockholders that desire to recommend
candidates for the Board for evaluation may do so by contacting Pacific Ethanol
in writing, identifying the potential candidate and providing background and
other relevant information. Stockholders must also comply with our
bylaws, including our advance notice bylaw provisions relating to the nomination
of persons for election to our Board that, among other things, require that
nominations of persons for election to our Board at annual meetings be submitted
to our Secretary, unless otherwise notified, by the close of business on the
45th day
before the first anniversary of the date on which we first mailed our proxy
materials for the prior year’s annual meeting. We first mailed our proxy
materials for our 2008 annual meeting on or about May 9, 2008 and anticipate
mailing our proxy materials for our 2009 annual meeting on or about November 19,
2009. We have received no stockholder nominations of persons for
election to our Board for our Annual Meeting.
Our
Nominating and Governance Committee utilizes a variety of methods for
identifying and evaluating nominees for director. Candidates may also
come to the attention of the Nominating and Governance Committee through current
Board members, professional search firms and other persons. In
evaluating potential candidates, our Nominating and Governance Committee will
take into account a number of factors, including, among others, the
following:
|
·
|
the
candidate’s independence from
management;
|
|
·
|
whether
the candidate has relevant business
experience;
|
|
·
|
judgment,
skill, integrity and reputation;
|
|
·
|
existing
commitments to other businesses;
|
|
·
|
corporate
governance background;
|
|
·
|
financial
and accounting background, to enable the committee to determine whether
the candidate would be suitable for Audit Committee membership;
and
|
|
·
|
the
size and composition of our Board.
|
Compensation
of Directors
We use a
combination of cash and stock-based incentive compensation to attract and retain
qualified candidates to serve on our Board. In setting the
compensation of directors, we consider the significant amount of time that Board
members spend in fulfilling their duties to Pacific Ethanol as well as the
experience level we require to serve on our Board. The Board, through
its Compensation Committee, annually reviews the compensation and compensation
policies for Board members. In recommending director compensation,
the Compensation Committee is guided by three goals (i) compensation should
fairly pay directors for work required in a company of our size and scope, (ii)
compensation should align directors’ interests with the long-term interests of
our stockholders, and (iii) the structure of the compensation should be clearly
disclosed to our stockholders.
In
addition, as with our executive compensation, in making compensation decisions
as to our directors, our Compensation Committee compared our cash and equity
compensation payable to directors against market data obtained by Hewitt
Associates. The data included a general industry survey of 235
companies with less than $1.0 billion in annual revenues and a general industry
survey of 51 companies with between $500 million and $1.0 billion in annual
revenues. The Compensation Committee set compensation for our
directors at approximately the median of compensation paid to directors of the
companies comprising the market data provided to us by Hewitt
Associates.
Cash
Compensation
Current
Program. On April 8, 2008, and effective as of April 1, 2008,
our Compensation Committee approved a new cash compensation plan for directors
which provides the Chairman of our Board annual compensation of $80,000, the
Chairman of our Audit Committee annual compensation of $42,000, the Chairman of
our Compensation Committee annual compensation of $36,000, the Chairman of our
Nominating and Governance Committee annual compensation of $36,000, the Chairman
of our Transportation Committee annual compensation of $36,000 and the Chairman
of our Strategic Transactions Committee annual compensation of
$36,000. All other directors, except employee directors, receive
annual compensation of $24,000. These amounts are paid in advance in
bi-weekly installments. In addition, directors are reimbursed for
certain reasonable and documented expenses in connection with attendance at
meetings of our Board and its committees. Employee directors do not
receive director compensation in connection with their service as
directors.
Prior Program. Our
cash compensation plan for directors during 2007 and the first quarter of 2008
provided the Chairman of our Board annual compensation of $80,000, the Chairman
of our Audit Committee annual compensation of $22,000 and the Chairman of our
Compensation Committee annual compensation of $20,000. All other
directors, except employee directors, received annual compensation of
$12,000. These amounts were paid in monthly
installments. In addition, directors were reimbursed for certain
reasonable and documented expenses in connection with attendance at meetings of
our Board and its committees. Employee directors did not receive
director compensation in connection with their service as
directors.
Equity
Compensation
Following
our annual meeting each year, our Compensation Committee or our full Board is to
grant equity compensation to our newly elected or reelected directors which is
to vest as to 100% of the grants in one year. Vesting is to be
subject to continued service on our Board during the full year.
In
determining the amount of equity compensation, the Compensation Committee
determines the value of total compensation, approximately targeting the median
of compensation paid to directors of the companies comprising the market data
provided to us by Hewitt Associates. The Compensation Committee then
determines the cash component based on this market data. The balance
of the total compensation target is then allocated to equity awards, and the
number of shares to be granted to our directors is based on the estimated value
of the underlying shares on the expected grant date.
Compensation
of Employee Director
Mr.
Koehler was compensated as a full-time employee and officer but received no
additional compensation for service as a Board member during
2008. Information regarding the compensation awarded to Mr. Koehler
is included in the “Summary Compensation Table” below.
Director
Compensation Table
The
following table summarizes the compensation of our directors for the year ended
December 31, 2008:
|
|
Fees
Earned
or
Paid
in
Cash
($)(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William
L. Jones
|
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
$ |
136,150 |
(3) |
|
$ |
216,150 |
|
Terry
L. Stone
|
|
$ |
37,000 |
|
|
$ |
126,530 |
(4) |
|
$ |
163,530 |
|
John
L. Prince
|
|
$ |
32,000 |
|
|
$ |
126,530 |
(5) |
|
$ |
158,530 |
|
Douglas
L. Kieta
|
|
$ |
30,000 |
|
|
$ |
126,530 |
(6) |
|
$ |
156,530 |
|
Larry
D. Layne
|
|
$ |
32,000 |
|
|
$ |
130,045 |
(7) |
|
$ |
162,045 |
|
Michael
D. Kandris
|
|
$ |
21,000 |
|
|
$ |
30,000 |
(8) |
|
$ |
51,000 |
|
(1)
|
For
a description of annual director fees and fees for chair positions, see
the disclosure above under “Compensation of Directors—Cash Compensation.”
The value of perquisites and other personal benefits was less than $10,000
in aggregate for each director.
|
(2)
|
The
amounts shown are the compensation costs recognized in our financial
statements for 2008 related to vesting of shares of restricted stock
awarded to each director since 2006. The fair values of the
shares of restricted stock awarded were calculated based on the fair
market value of our common stock on the grant date. No grants
of restricted stock were made in years prior to
2006.
|
(3)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Jones held 75,500 shares from stock awards,
including 39,340 unvested shares, and also held options to purchase an
aggregate of 50,000 shares of common stock. Mr. Jones was
granted 31,200 and 44,300 shares of our common stock on October 4, 2006
and June 12, 2008, having aggregate grant date fair values of $407,472 and
$104,991, respectively, calculated based on the fair market value of our
common stock on the applicable grant
date.
|
(4)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Stone held 59,900 shares from stock awards,
including 25,300 unvested shares, and also held options to purchase an
aggregate of 15,000 shares of common stock. Mr. Stone was
granted 15,600 and 44,300 shares of our common stock on October 4, 2006
and June 12, 2008, having aggregate grant date fair values of $203,736 and
$104,991, respectively, calculated based on the fair market value of our
common stock on the applicable grant
date.
|
(5)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Prince held 59,900 shares from stock awards,
including 25,300 unvested shares, and also held options to purchase an
aggregate of 15,000 shares of common stock. Mr. Prince was
granted 15,600 and 44,300 shares of our common stock on October 4, 2006
and June 12, 2008, having aggregate grant date fair values of $203,736 and
$104,991, respectively, calculated based on the fair market value of our
common stock on the applicable grant
date.
|
(6)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Kieta held 59,900 shares from stock awards,
including 25,300 unvested shares. Mr. Kieta was granted 15,600
and 44,300 shares of our common stock on October 4, 2006 and June 12,
2008, having aggregate grant date fair values of $203,736 and $104,991,
respectively, calculated based on the fair market value of our common
stock on the applicable grant date.
|
(7)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Layne held 59,900 shares from stock awards,
including 35,700 unvested shares. Mr. Layne was granted 15,600
and 44,300 shares of our common stock on January 17, 2008 and June 12,
2008, having aggregate grant date fair values of $86,112 and $104,991,
respectively, calculated based on the fair market value of our common
stock on the applicable grant date.
|
(8)
|
At
December 31, 2008, Mr. Kandris held 25,300 shares from stock awards, all
of which were unvested shares. Mr. Kandris was granted 25,300
shares of our common stock on June 12, 2008, having an aggregate grant
date fair value of $59,961, calculated based on the fair market value of
our common stock on the grant date. Mr. Kandris was appointed as a
director on June 11, 2008.
|
Indemnification
of Directors and Officers
Section
145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify
its directors and officers against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid
in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with a pending or
completed action, suit or proceeding if the officer or director acted in good
faith and in a manner the officer or director reasonably believed to be in the
best interests of the corporation.
Our
certificate of incorporation provides that, except in certain specified
instances, our directors shall not be personally liable to us or our
stockholders for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as
directors, except liability for the following:
|
·
|
any
breach of their duty of loyalty to Pacific Ethanol or our
stockholders;
|
|
·
|
acts
or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or
a knowing violation of law;
|
|
·
|
unlawful
payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as
provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law;
and
|
|
·
|
any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit.
|
In
addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws obligate us to indemnify
our directors and officers against expenses and other amounts reasonably
incurred in connection with any proceeding arising from the fact that such
person is or was an agent of ours. Our bylaws also authorize us to
purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any of our directors or officers
against any liability asserted against that person in that capacity, whether or
not we would have the power to indemnify that person under the provisions of the
Delaware General Corporation Law. We have entered and expect to
continue to enter into agreements to indemnify our directors and officers as
determined by our Board. These agreements provide for indemnification
of related expenses including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement
amounts incurred by any of these individuals in any action or
proceeding. We believe that these bylaw provisions and
indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons
as directors and officers. We also maintain directors’ and officers’
liability insurance.
The
limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our certificate of
incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit
against our directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. They may
also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and
officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other
stockholders. Furthermore, a stockholder’s investment may be
adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage
awards against directors and officers as required by these indemnification
provisions. At present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding
involving any of our directors, officers or employees regarding which
indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of any threatened litigation
that may result in claims for indemnification.
Insofar
as the provisions of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws provide for
indemnification of directors or officers for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), we have been informed
that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission this
indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and
is therefore unenforceable.
RATIFICATION
OF APPOINTMENT OF
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Our Audit
Committee has appointed the independent registered public accounting firm of
Hein & Associates LLP to audit and comment on our financial statements for
the year ending December 31, 2009, and to conduct whatever audit functions are
deemed necessary. Hein & Associates LLP audited our financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2008 that were included in our most
recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended.
A
representative of Hein & Associates LLP is expected to be present at the
Annual Meeting, will have the opportunity to make a statement if he or she
desires to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions from
stockholders.
Required
Vote of Stockholders
Although
a vote of stockholders is not required on this proposal, our Board is asking our
stockholders to ratify the appointment of our independent registered public
accounting firm. The ratification of the appointment of our
independent registered public accounting firm requires the affirmative votes of
a majority of the votes of the shares of our common stock and Series B Preferred
Stock, voting together as a single class, present at the Annual Meeting in
person or by proxy and entitled to vote, which shares voting affirmatively must
also constitute at least a majority of the voting power required to constitute a
quorum.
In the
event that our stockholders do not ratify the appointment of Hein &
Associates LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, the
appointment will be reconsidered by our Audit Committee. Even if the
appointment is ratified, our Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct the
appointment of a different independent registered public accounting firm at any
time during the year if the Audit Committee believes that such a change would be
in our and our stockholders’ best interests.
Recommendation
of the Board of Directors
OUR BOARD
UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” RATIFICATION OF THE
APPOINTMENT OF HEIN & ASSOCIATES LLP TO SERVE AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2009.
Our Board
knows of no other matters to be brought before the Annual
Meeting. However, if other matters should come before the Annual
Meeting, it is the intention of the person named in the proxy to vote such proxy
in accordance with his or her judgment on such matters.
Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
The
following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by
Hein & Associates LLP for the years ended December 31, 2008 and
2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit
Fees
|
|
$ |
962,897 |
|
|
$ |
1,201,300 |
|
Audit-Related
Fees
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
38,800 |
|
Tax
Fees
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,200 |
|
All
Other Fees
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
962,897 |
|
|
$ |
1,242,300 |
|
Audit
Fees. Consist of amounts billed for professional services
rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements included
in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, and reviews of our interim consolidated
financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our
Registration Statements on Form S-3, including amendments thereto, and the
review of our internal accounting and reporting controls as required under
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Audit-Related
Fees. Audit-Related Fees consist of fees billed for
professional services that are reasonably related to the performance of the
audit or review of our consolidated financial statements but are not reported
under “Audit Fees.” Such fees include amounts billed for professional
services performed in connection with mergers and acquisitions.
Tax Fees. Tax
Fees consist of fees for professional services for tax compliance activities,
including the preparation of federal and state tax returns and related
compliance matters.
All Other
Fees. Consists of amounts billed for services other than those
noted above.
Our Audit
Committee has determined that all non-audit services provided by Hein &
Associates LLP are compatible with maintaining Hein & Associates LLP’s audit
independence.
Our Audit
Committee is responsible for approving all audit, audit-related, tax and other
services. The Audit Committee pre-approves all auditing services and
permitted non-audit services, including all fees and terms to be performed for
us by our independent auditor at the beginning of the fiscal
year. Non-audit services are reviewed and pre-approved by project at
the beginning of the fiscal year. Any additional non-audit services
contemplated by us after the beginning of the fiscal year are submitted to the
Chairman of our Audit Committee for pre-approval prior to engaging our
independent auditor for such services. These interim pre-approvals
are reviewed with the full Audit Committee at its next meeting for
ratification. During 2008 and 2007, all services performed by Hein
& Associates LLP were pre-approved by our Audit Committee in accordance with
these policies and applicable Securities and Exchange Commission
regulations.
The
following Audit Committee Report is not considered proxy solicitation material
and is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any
of our previous filings made under the Securities Act or under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) that might incorporate future
filings made by us under those statutes, the Audit Committee Report will not be
incorporated by reference into any such prior filings or into any future filings
made by us under those statutes.
Audit
Committee Report
The Audit
Committee oversees our financial reporting process on behalf of the Board and is
directly responsible for the compensation, appointment and oversight of our
independent registered public accounting firm. Management is
responsible for the preparation, presentation and integrity of our financial
statements and for the appropriateness of the accounting principles and
reporting policies that are used. Management is also responsible for
testing the system of internal control over financial reporting, and reports to
the Audit Committee on any deficiencies found. Our independent
registered public accounting firm, Hein & Associates LLP, is responsible for
auditing our financial statements and expressing an opinion as to their
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, as well as
examining and reporting on management’s assertion about the effectiveness of our
internal controls over financial reporting. Under its written
charter, our Audit Committee has the authority to conduct any investigation
appropriate to fulfilling its responsibilities, has direct access to our
independent registered public accounting firm as well as any of our employees,
and has the ability to retain, at our expense, special legal, accounting, or
other consultants or experts it deems necessary in the performance of its
duties.
The Audit
Committee reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements in the Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 with management
and Hein & Associates LLP. The Audit Committee has also discussed
and reviewed with Hein & Associates LLP the matters required to be discussed
by Statements on Auditing Standards No. 61, as amended, “Communications with
Audit Committees”, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
in Rule 3200T. In addition, the Audit Committee obtained from Hein
& Associates LLP the written disclosures and the letter required by
applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
regarding the independent accountants’ communications with the audit committee
concerning independence and discussed with Hein & Associates LLP its
independence from management and Pacific Ethanol, Inc. The Audit
Committee has also considered whether the provision of non-audit services by
Hein & Associates LLP is compatible with maintaining its independence, and
has satisfied itself with respect to Hein & Associates LLP’s
independence.
Based on
the reviews and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended
to our Board (and our Board has approved) that the audited financial statements
be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2008 for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Respectfully
submitted,
Audit
Committee
Terry L.
Stone
John L.
Prince
Larry D.
Layne
The
following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership
of our common stock as of November 16, 2009, the date of the table,
by:
|
·
|
each
person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock;
|
|
·
|
each
of our current executive officers;
and
|
|
·
|
all
of our directors and executive officers as a
group.
|
Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and
Exchange Commission, and includes voting or investment power with respect to the
securities. To our knowledge, except as indicated by footnote, and
subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in the
table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of
common stock shown as beneficially owned by them. Shares of common
stock underlying derivative securities, if any, that currently are exercisable
or convertible or are scheduled to become exercisable or convertible for or into
shares of common stock within 60 days after the date of the table are deemed to
be outstanding in calculating the percentage ownership of each listed person or
group but are not deemed to be outstanding as to any other person or
group. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 57,636,828
shares of common stock and 2,346,152 shares of Series B Preferred Stock
outstanding as of the date of the table.
Name and Address of Beneficial
Owner (1)
|
|
|
|
Amount
and Nature
of
Beneficial Ownership
|
|
|
|
|
William
L. Jones
|
|
Common
|
|
|
1,513,190 |
(2) |
|
|
2.62% |
|
|
|
Series
B Preferred
|
|
|
12,820 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
Common
|
|
|
3,646,258 |
(3) |
|
|
6.20% |
|
|
|
Series
B Preferred
|
|
|
256,410 |
|
|
|
10.93% |
|
John
T. Miller.
|
|
Common
|
|
|
83,061 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Bryon
T. McGregor
|
|
Common
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
Common
|
|
|
39,872 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Terry
L. Stone
|
|
Common
|
|
|
78,900 |
(4) |
|
|
* |
|
John
L. Prince
|
|
Common
|
|
|
69,700 |
(5) |
|
|
* |
|
Douglas
L. Kieta
|
|
Common
|
|
|
59,900 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Larry
D. Layne
|
|
Common
|
|
|
59,900 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Michael
D. Kandris
|
|
Common
|
|
|
25,300 |
|
|
|
* |
|
Lyles
United, LLC
|
|
Common
|
|
|
9,485,365 |
(6) |
|
|
14.13% |
|
|
|
Series
B Preferred
|
|
|
2,051,282 |
|
|
|
87.43% |
|
All
executive officers and directors as
a group (10 persons)
|
|
Common
|
|
|
5,594,647 |
(7) |
|
|
9.49% |
|
|
|
Series
B Preferred
|
|
|
269,230 |
|
|
|
11.48% |
|
(1)
|
Messrs.
Jones, Koehler, Stone, Prince, Kieta, Layne and Kandris are directors of
Pacific Ethanol. Messrs. Koehler, Miller, McGregor and Wright
are executive officers of Pacific Ethanol. The address of each
of these persons is c/o Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite
2060, Sacramento,
California 95814.
|
(2)
|
Amount
of common stock includes 1,405,500 shares of common stock held by William
L. Jones and Maurine Jones, husband and wife, as community property,
50,000 shares of common stock underlying options issued to Mr. Jones,
19,230 shares of common stock underlying a warrant issued to Mr. Jones and
38,460 shares of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock held
by Mr. Jones.
|
(3)
|
Amount
of common stock includes 2,492,413 shares of common stock held directly,
384,615 shares of common stock underlying a warrant and 769,230 shares of
common stock underlying our Series B Preferred
Stock.
|
(4)
|
Includes
15,000 shares of common stock underlying
options.
|
(5)
|
Includes
15,000 shares of common stock underlying
options.
|
(6)
|
Amount
of common stock includes 6,000 shares of common stock held directly,
3,176,923 shares of common stock underlying warrants and 6,302,442 shares
of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock. The
address for Lyles United, LLC is c/o Howard Rice Nemerovski Canady Falk
& Rabkin, Three Embarcadero Center, Suite 700, San Francisco,
California 94111-4024.
|
(7)
|
Amount
of common stock includes 4,303,112 shares of common stock held directly,
80,000 shares of common stock underlying options, 403,845 shares of common
stock underlying warrants and 807,690 shares of common stock underlying
our Series B Preferred Stock.
|
Section
16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers and directors, and
persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of our common
stock, to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These officers,
directors and stockholders are required by Securities and Exchange Commission
regulations to furnish us with copies of all reports that they
file.
Based
solely upon a review of copies of the reports furnished to us during the year
ended December 31, 2008 and thereafter, or any written representations received
by us from directors, officers and beneficial owners of more than 10% of our
common stock (“reporting persons”) that no other reports were required, we
believe that, during 2008, except as set forth below, all Section 16(a) filing
requirements applicable to our reporting persons were met.
The
following individuals did not timely file the following numbers of Forms 4 to
report the following numbers of transactions: William L. Jones — 1 report, 1
transaction; Joseph W. Hansen— 2 reports, 2 transactions; Christopher W. Wright
— 1 report, 1 transaction; Terry L. Stone — 1 report, 1 transaction; John L.
Prince — 1 report, 1 transaction; Douglas L. Kieta — 1 report, 1 transaction;
Larry D. Layne — 2 reports, 2 transactions; Michael D. Kandris — 1 report, 1
transaction. In addition, Michael D. Kandris did not timely file a
Form 3 upon becoming a director of Pacific Ethanol and Neil M. Koehler did not
timely file a Form 5 for 2008 to report 2 gift transactions.
We
believe that each of the foregoing persons have prepared and filed all required
Forms 3, 4 and 5 to report their respective transactions.
The
following table provides information about our common stock that may be issued
upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all of our existing
equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
Number
of Securities
to be Issued
Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options,
Warrants or
Stock Rights
|
|
|
Weighted-Average
Exercise
Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights
|
|
|
Number
of Securities
Remaining Available for
Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (1)(2)
|
|
Equity
Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1995
Plan (1)
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
$ |
4.94 |
|
|
|
— |
|
2004
Plan (2)
|
|
|
110,000 |
|
|
$ |
7.82 |
|
|
|
— |
|
2006
Plan
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
716,354 |
|
__________
|
(1)
|
Our
Amended 1995 Incentive Stock Plan was terminated effective July 19, 2006,
except to the extent of then-outstanding
options.
|
|
(2)
|
Our
2004 Stock Option Plan was terminated effective September 7, 2006, except
to the extent of then-outstanding
options.
|
The
following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers
as of April 23, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
Neil
M.
Koehler
|
|
51
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer, President and Director
|
John
T.
Miller
|
|
63
|
|
Chief
Operating Officer
|
Bryon
T.
McGregor
|
|
45
|
|
Interim
Chief Financial Officer
|
Christopher
W.
Wright
|
|
56
|
|
Vice
President, General Counsel and
Secretary
|
Neil M.
Koehler has served as Chief Executive Officer, President and as a
director since March 2005. Mr. Koehler served as Chief Executive
Officer of PEI California since its formation in January 2003 and as a member of
its board of directors since March 2004. Prior to his association
with PEI California, Mr. Koehler was the co-founder and General Manager of
Parallel Products, one of the first ethanol production facilities in California,
which was sold to a public company in 1997. Mr. Koehler was also the
sole manager and sole limited liability company member of Kinergy, which he
founded in September 2000, and which is now one of our wholly-owned
subsidiaries. Mr. Koehler has over 20 years of experience in the
ethanol production, sales and marketing industry in the Western United
States. Mr. Koehler is a Director of the California Renewable Fuels
Partnership, a Director of the Renewable Fuels Association and is a
nationally-recognized speaker on the production and marketing of renewable
fuels. Mr. Koehler has a B.A. degree in Government from Pomona
College.
John T.
Miller has served as Chief Operating Officer since June 2006 and served
as our Acting Chief Financial Officer from December 16, 2006 through June 3,
2007 and from July 19, 2007 through January 1, 2008. Mr. Miller was
employed at Calpine Corporation beginning in 2001 and served as a Senior Vice
President from 2002 to 2006. At Calpine, Mr. Miller held several
roles including managing the build-out of power projects, overseeing human
resources and safety programs and leading Calpine’s strategy to centralize its
power plant and corporate activities. Prior to his tenure at Calpine,
Mr. Miller served from 1998 to 2001 as Vice President of Thermo Ecotek, a
subsidiary of Thermo Electron, and as President of Thermo Ecotek’s Power
Resources Division. Mr. Miller directed Thermo Electron’s expansion
of its independent power business in the United States, Germany and the Czech
Republic. He also represented Thermo Electron in managing the sale of
the Power Resources Division to AES Corporation. Mr. Miller also
served from 1994 to 1998 as President and Chief Executive Officer of Pacific
Generation Company, a subsidiary of PacifiCorp. Prior to that time,
Mr. Miller served from 1990 to 1994 as Pacific Generation Company’s Vice
President of Business Development and from 1987 to 1990 as its Vice President of
Operations. In 1995, Mr. Miller completed Harvard University’s
Managing Global Opportunities, an executive education program. Mr.
Miller has a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Oregon State University
and an M.B.A. degree from the University of Portland. Mr. Miller
served in the United States Navy from 1967 to 1971 as a Communications
Technician.
Bryon T.
McGregor has served as our Interim Chief Financial Officer since April
21, 2009. Mr. McGregor served as Vice President, Finance at Pacific Ethanol from
September 2008 until he became Interim Chief Financial Officer in April 2009.
Prior to joining Pacific Ethanol, Mr. McGregor was employed as Senior Director
for E*TRADE Financial from February 2002 to August 2008, serving in various
capacities including International Treasurer based in London England from 2006
to 2008, Brokerage Treasurer and Director from 2003 to 2006 and Assistant
Treasurer and Director of Finance and Investor Relations from 2002 to 2003.
Prior to joining E*TRADE, Mr. McGregor served as Manager of Finance and Head of
Project Finance for BP (formerly Atlantic Richfield Company – ARCO) from 1998 to
2001. Mr. McGregor has extensive experience in banking and served as a Director
of International Project Finance for Credit Suisse from 1992 to 1998, as
Assistant Vice President for Sumitomo Mitsubishi Banking Corp (formerly The
Sumitomo Bank Limited) from 1989 to 1992, and as Commercial Banking Officer for
Bank of America from 1987 to 1989. Mr. McGregor has a B.S. degree in Business
Management from Brigham Young University with an emphasis in International
Finance and a minor in Japanese.
Christopher W.
Wright has served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since
June 2006. From April 2004 until he joined Pacific Ethanol in June
2006, Mr. Wright operated an independent consulting practice, advising companies
on complex transactions, including acquisitions and financings. Prior
to that time, from January 2003 to April 2004, Mr. Wright was a partner with
Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe, LLP, and from July 1998 to December 2002,
Mr. Wright was a partner with Cooley Godward LLP, where he served as
Partner-in-Charge of the Pacific Northwest office. Mr. Wright has
extensive experience advising boards of directors on compliance, securities
matters and strategic transactions, with a particular focus on guiding the
development of rapidly growing companies. He has acted as general
counsel for numerous technology enterprises in all aspects of corporate
development, including fund-raising, business and technology acquisitions,
mergers and strategic alliances. Mr. Wright holds an A.B. in History
from Yale College and a J.D. from the University of Chicago Law
School.
Our
officers are appointed by and serve at the discretion of our
Board. There are no family relationships among our executive officers
and directors.
Overview
of Compensation Program
This
section discusses the principal components of compensation paid to our named
executive officers for 2008. Throughout this Proxy Statement, we
refer to the individuals who served as our principal executive officer and
principal financial officer during 2008, as well as the other individuals
included in the “Summary Compensation Table” below as the “named executive
officers.” However, when we refer to “named executive officers” in
the information under the heading “2009 Compensation Philosophy and Objectives,”
we mean all of the individuals included in the “Summary Compensation Table”
below (other than our former Chief Financial Officer) and any executive officer
of Pacific Ethanol who we expect will be listed in the Summary Compensation
Table for 2009 (other than our Interim Chief Financial Officer).
Our
Compensation Committee is responsible for establishing, implementing and
administering our overall policies on compensation and the compensation to be
provided to our executive officers. Our Compensation Committee also
has the responsibility for monitoring adherence with our compensation philosophy
and ensuring that the total compensation paid to our executive officers is fair,
reasonable and competitive.
Although
our Compensation Committee makes all compensation decisions as to our executive
officers, our Chief Executive Officer makes recommendations to our Compensation
Committee regarding compensation for the other named executive
officers.
2008
Executive Compensation
For the
year ended December 31, 2008, the principal components of compensation for our
named executive officers were:
|
·
|
equity
incentive compensation; and
|
|
·
|
perquisites
and other personal benefits.
|
During
2008, our compensation philosophy was substantially similar to our compensation
philosophy set forth below for 2009. Base salary paid to each of the
named executive officers was specified in their executive employment agreements
and, except for Mr. Hansen, increased effective March 1, 2008. The
executive employment agreements were entered into as of December 11,
2007. Information about the executive employment agreements can be
found under the heading “Executive Employment Agreements” below.
In
addition to base salary, our named executive officers were granted shares of
restricted stock during 2008. All restricted stock grants provided
for vesting of 25% of the shares underlying the grants on each of the next four
anniversaries commencing April 1, 2009 as a retention tool for the relevant
service period. In determining the type of equity-based incentive
compensation to provide to the named executive officers, the Compensation
Committee exercised its preference for restricted stock grants as they are less
costly and provided a more immediate tangible benefit to
participants. Our named executive officers also vested as to a
portion of their restricted stock grants made in 2006.
We did
not have any program, plan or obligation that required us to grant equity
incentive compensation on specified dates, except that our executive employment
agreement with our former Chief Financial Officer required us to issue a
specified amount of restricted stock. Information about outstanding
equity incentive compensation awards held by our named executive officers and
directors is contained in the “Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End”
table below and the “Director Compensation” table above.
During
2008, the Compensation Committee also considered granting discretionary cash
bonuses to each named executive officer based on the personal performance of
each named executive officer during 2008 in an amount up to 50% of each named
executive officer’s base salary. Ultimately, the Compensation
Committee elected not to pay discretionary cash bonuses to any of our named
executive officers because we were not profitable in 2008.
During
2008, we also provided certain of the named executive officers with perquisites
and other personal benefits that the Compensation Committee believed were
reasonable. In addition, the executive employment agreements with
each of the named executive officers provide for certain payments upon a change
in control of Pacific Ethanol. Information regarding applicable
payments under these agreements is provided under the heading “Calculation of
Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control” below.
2009
Compensation Philosophy and Objectives
Our
Compensation Committee has maintained the same compensation program and
philosophy and objectives used in 2008 for 2009. Our current
compensation philosophy is based upon three central objectives:
|
·
|
To
provide an executive compensation structure and system that is both
competitive in the marketplace and also internally equitable based upon
the weight and level of responsibilities of each
executive;
|
|
·
|
To
attract, retain and motivate qualified executives within this structure,
and reward them for outstanding performance-to-objectives and business
results; and
|
|
·
|
To
structure our compensation policy so that the compensation of executive
officers is dependent in part on the achievement of our current year
business plan objectives and dependent in part on the long-term increase
in our net worth and the resultant improvement in stockholder value, and
to maintain an appropriate balance between short- and long-range
performance objectives over time.
|
The
Compensation Committee evaluates both performance and compensation to ensure
that the total compensation paid to our executive officers is fair, reasonable
and competitive so that we can attract and retain superior employees in key
positions. The Compensation Committee believes that compensation
packages offered to our executives, including the named executive officers,
should include both cash- and equity-based compensation that reward performance
as measured against established goals.
In
furtherance of these objectives, our Compensation Committee previously engaged
Hewitt Associates LLC, a global human resources consulting firm, to conduct a
review of our total compensation program for the named executive officers and
other executives. Hewitt Associates has provided our Compensation
Committee with relevant market data and alternatives to consider when making
compensation decisions as to the named executive officers and when making
decisions as to the recommendations being made by our management for other
executives.
In making
compensation decisions, our Compensation Committee compares each element of
total compensation against market data obtained by Hewitt
Associates. The sources of this data include proxy statements for
publicly-traded companies within the ethanol industry and general industry
published surveys that target companies with approximately $350 million, $500
million and $750 million in annual revenues. In particular, our
analysis utilized survey data from non-durable manufacturing companies and
compensation data from Terra Industries Inc., Aventine Renewable Energy, Inc.,
VeraSun Energy Corp., MGP Ingredients, Inc., U.S. BioEnergy Corp., Earth
Biofuels Inc., Xethanol Corp., Biofuel Energy Corporation and Green Plains
Renewable Energy, Inc. The Compensation Committee set total
compensation for the named executive officers at approximately the median of
compensation paid to similarly situated executives of the companies comprising
the market data provided to us by Hewitt Associates. The Compensation
Committee expects to set total compensation for the named executive officers
using the same methodology in 2009 but, as noted below, may use historical
information received from Hewitt Associates in 2008 in establishing compensation
for future periods.
The level
and mix of incentive compensation for 2009 will be determined by the
Compensation Committee based in part on information provided by Hewitt
Associates and the compensation philosophy we adopted in 2007, and continued
through 2008 and 2009.
The
Compensation Committee did not obtain updates in 2009 of the data provided by
Hewitt Associates in 2008. To the extent considered necessary, the
Compensation Committee may reengage Hewitt Associates, or in the expected
absence of significant changes in market data, the Compensation Committee may
reuse the data obtained in 2008 as a reference point for future compensation
decisions.
For 2009,
we expect that the principal components of compensation for our named executive
officers will be:
|
·
|
discretionary
cash bonuses;
|
|
·
|
equity
incentive compensation;
|
|
·
|
other
incentive compensation; and
|
|
·
|
perquisites
and other personal benefits.
|
We view
the various components of compensation as related but distinct. Our Compensation
Committee expects to review compensation information provided by Hewitt
Associates and to consider factors such as internal equity and consistency, and
other considerations it deems relevant, such as rewarding extraordinary
performance, to determine the appropriate level and mix of total
compensation.
Base
Salary
Base
salary is targeted to recognize each executive officer’s unique value and
historical contributions to our success in light of salary norms in our industry
and the general marketplace and to compensate them for services expected to be
rendered during the fiscal year. Base salary ranges for named
executive officers are determined for each executive based on his or her
position and responsibility by using market data obtained by Hewitt Associates,
with the goal of establishing base salary at the median base salary paid to
similarly situated executives as reflected in the market data. For
2009, the Compensation Committee determined, based on our financial and
operating constraints, that it would not provide for an increase in base salary
for our named executive officers. The Compensation Committee expects
to periodically review the base compensation of the Chief Executive Officer, and
the base compensation of all other named executive officers with the Chief
Executive Officer, to ensure that a competitive position is
maintained.
Discretionary
Cash Bonuses
The
Compensation Committee expects to use discretionary cash bonuses to focus our
management on achieving key company financial objectives, to motivate certain
desired individual behaviors and goals and/or to reward substantial achievement
of these company financial objectives and individual behaviors and
goals.
We intend
to use cash bonuses to reward performance achievements generally only as to
years in which we are profitable. The Compensation Committee believes
that as a growth company, we should reward achievement of both personal
objectives and company financial objectives such as net sales, gallons of
ethanol sold, net income and operating cash flows. Individual
performance objectives of the named executive officers based on the
participant’s accountability and impact on our overall operations will be
determined by our Compensation Committee with target award opportunities that
will be established as a percentage of base salary. The Compensation
Committee expects to target the amount of any potential discretionary cash
bonuses at the median level of cash bonuses paid to similarly situated
executives as reflected in the market data provided by Hewitt
Associates. To the extent that our financial performance is less than
or greater than the median financial performance reflected in the market data,
the Compensation Committee expects that discretionary cash bonuses will be less
than or greater than the median level of cash bonuses paid to executives of our
peer companies.
Our
Compensation Committee has adopted a policy to recover bonuses paid based on our
financial performance where our financial statements are restated in a downward
direction sufficient to reduce the amount of bonus that should have been paid
under applicable bonus criteria.
Equity
Incentive Compensation
Our 2006
Stock Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 2,000,000 shares of our
common stock pursuant to options, restricted stock, restricted stock units,
stock appreciation rights, direct stock issuances and other stock-based awards
to our officers, directors or key employees or to consultants that do business
with us. Our Compensation Committee has the authority to administer
our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan with respect to grants to executive officers and
directors, and also has authority to make equity awards under our 2006 Stock
Incentive Plan to all other eligible individuals. However, our Board
may retain, reassume or exercise from time to time the power to administer our
2006 Stock Incentive Plan. Equity awards made to members of the
Compensation Committee must be authorized and approved by a disinterested
majority of our Board.
We plan
to use equity incentive compensation to encourage participants to focus on the
long-term performance of Pacific Ethanol and to provide an opportunity for the
named executive officers to increase their ownership stake in Pacific Ethanol
through grants of our common stock that vest over time. The
Compensation Committee also plans to continue to use equity compensation to
attract qualified executive officers and to maintain competitive levels of total
compensation.
Equity
incentive compensation levels will be determined based upon our financial
performance, the individual performance of the participant and market data
provided to the Compensation Committee by Hewitt Associates. Although
equity incentive compensation levels will vary among the participants based on
their positions with Pacific Ethanol, the goal of the Compensation Committee is
to provide for equity incentive grants in amounts equal to the median level of
grants made to similarly situated executives as reflected in the market
data. As is the case with discretionary cash bonuses, to the extent
that our financial performance is less than or greater than the median financial
performance reflected in the market data, the Compensation Committee expects
that equity incentive compensation levels will be less than or greater than the
median level of equity incentive compensation paid to executives of our peer
companies.
Historically,
we have neither made equity incentive grants in connection with the release or
withholding of material non-public information nor have we made any grant at a
predetermined time. However, in the future, our Compensation
Committee may establish a focal grant date at which equity-based incentive
compensation would periodically be determined, most likely at times when cash
compensation is being reviewed and the results of our operations for our latest
completed fiscal period are publicly available. Historically, stock
options granted to our directors and executive officers have generally had
exercise prices at or above the fair market value of our common stock on the
date of grant.
On
January 17, 2008, we granted 52,650 shares of restricted stock under our 2006
Stock Incentive Plan to Mr. Hansen, our-then new, and now former, Chief
Financial Officer. The shares of restricted stock vested as to 10,530
shares on April 1, 2008 and an additional 10,530 shares vested on October 4,
2008. On April 3, 2009, in connection with the termination of Mr. Hansen’s
employment, 7,897 of these shares vested in accordance with Mr. Hansen’s
executive employment agreement and the balance was forfeited.
On April
8, 2008, we granted shares of restricted stock under our 2006 Stock Incentive
Plan to various employees, including our named executive
officers. Our Chief Executive Officer was granted 79,908 shares of
restricted stock, our Chief Operating Officer was granted 31,963 shares of
restricted stock, our former Chief Financial Officer was granted 22,374 shares
of restricted stock and our General Counsel was granted 22,374 shares of
restricted stock. Except for the shares granted to Mr. Hansen, of
which 4,195 vested upon his departure and the balance was forfeited, as
discussed above, the shares of restricted stock will vest as to 25% on April 1st
of each of the next four years starting on April 1, 2009, subject in each case
to continued employment.
In
determining the amount of equity compensation, as discussed above, the
Compensation Committee determines the value of total compensation, approximately
targeting the median of compensation paid to similarly situated executives based
on market data provided to us by Hewitt Associates. The Compensation
Committee then determines the cash component and the balance of the total
compensation target is then allocated to equity awards. The number of
shares to be granted to our named executive officers is based on the estimated
value of the underlying shares on the expected grant date.
Other
Incentive Compensation
In
response to our financial condition and our uncertain future, we are considering
adoption of a new incentive compensation plan covering existing employees to
provide further recognition of their valuable contributions during our
restructuring efforts and to ensure that we retain personnel with the knowledge
and skills necessary to maintain effective operations. We have not
developed the preliminary terms or scope of such a plan, but we intend to
develop and adopt such a plan in mid-2009 that will achieve these
goals.
Perquisites
and Other Personal Benefits
We expect
to provide named executive officers with perquisites and other personal benefits
that the Compensation Committee believes are reasonable and consistent with our
overall compensation program to better enable us to attract and retain superior
employees for key positions. In addition, we have entered into
executive employment agreements with our Chief Executive Officer, Chief
Operating Officer and our General Counsel that provide for certain payments upon
a change in control of Pacific Ethanol. Information regarding
applicable payments under these agreements is provided under the heading
“Calculation of Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control”
below. The Compensation Committee expects to periodically review the
levels of perquisites and other personal benefits provided to our named
executive officers.
Accounting
and Tax Treatment
We
account for equity compensation paid to our employees in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles, which requires us to estimate and
record an expense over the service period of the award. Accounting
rules also require us to record cash compensation as an expense at the time the
obligation is accrued. Unless and until we achieve sustained
profitability, the availability to us of a tax deduction for compensation
expenses will not be material to our financial position. We structure
cash bonus compensation so that it is taxable to our executives at the time it
becomes available to them.
The
Compensation Committee reviews and considers the deductibility of executive
compensation under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, which provides
that we may not deduct compensation of more than $1,000,000 that is paid to
certain individuals. We currently intend that all cash compensation
paid will be tax deductible by us. However, with respect to equity
compensation awards, while any gain recognized by employees from nonqualified
options should be deductible, to the extent that an option constitutes an
incentive stock option, gain recognized by the optionee will not be deductible
if there is a disqualifying disposition by the optionee. In addition,
if we grant awards of restricted stock or restricted stock units that are not
subject to performance vesting, they may not be fully deductible by us at the
time the award is otherwise taxable to the employee.
The
following Compensation Committee Report is not considered proxy solicitation
material and is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of our previous
filings made under the Securities Act or under the Exchange Act that might
incorporate future filings made by Pacific Ethanol under those statutes, the
Compensation Committee Report will not be incorporated by reference into any
such prior filings or into any future filings made by us under those
statutes.
The
Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the foregoing Compensation
Discussion and Analysis with management, and based on that review and
discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the
Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in our Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, as amended, and this proxy
statement.
Respectfully
submitted,
Compensation
Committee
Larry D.
Layne
John L.
Prince
Douglas
L. Kieta
Terry L.
Stone
The
following table sets forth summary information concerning the compensation of
our principal executive officer, our Chief Operating Officer, our Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary, and our former Chief Financial Officer
who served as our principal financial officer (collectively, the “named
executive officers”), for all services rendered in all capacities to us for the
years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Name
and
Principal
Position
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-Equity
Incentive
Plan Compensation
($)
|
|
|
All
Other Compen-
sation
($)(2)
|
|
|
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
Chief
Executive Officer and President
|
|
2008
|
|
$ |
359,135 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
247,638 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
14,071 |
(4) |
|
$ |
620,844 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
284,615 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
183,362 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
467,977 |
|
|
|
2006
|
|
$ |
200,000 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
349,917 |
|
|
$ |
300,000 |
(3) |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
849,917 |
|
John
T. Miller
Chief
Operating Officer(5)
|
|
2008
|
|
$ |
301,250 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
163,232 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
12,050 |
(6) |
|
$ |
476,532 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
247,500 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
137,522 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
116,252 |
(7) |
|
$ |
501,274 |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
$ |
88,349 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
262,437 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
350,786 |
|
Christopher
W. Wright
Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary
|
|
2008
|
|
$ |
236,827 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
155,519 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
392,346 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
$ |
223,461 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
137,522 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
25,917 |
(8) |
|
$ |
386,900 |
|
|
|
2006 |
|
$ |
88,349 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
262,437 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
13,995 |
(8) |
|
$ |
364,781 |
|
Joseph
W. Hansen
Former
Chief Financial Officer(9)
|
|
2008
|
|
$ |
238,461 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
148,780 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
387,241 |
|
_______________
(1)
|
The
amounts shown are the compensation costs recognized in our financial
statements for 2007 and 2008 related to shares of common stock awarded to
certain named executive officers since 2006. The fair values of the shares
of common stock were calculated based on the fair market value of our
common stock on the respective grant dates. The shares of
common stock were issued under our 2006 Stock Incentive
Plan. Information regarding the vesting schedules for Messrs.
Koehler, Miller, Wright and Hansen is included in the footnotes to the
“Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End” table
below.
|
(2)
|
Except
as listed the value of perquisites and other personal benefits was less
than $10,000 in aggregate for each executive other than Messrs. Koehler,
Miller and Wright.
|
(3)
|
Represents
compensation under Mr. Koehler’s Executive Employment Agreement based on
the net free cash flow of Kinergy. See “Executive Employment
Agreements—Neil M. Koehler” below.
|
(4)
|
Amount
represents matching 401k funds from the
Company.
|
(5)
|
Mr.
Miller was our Acting Chief Financial Officer from January 1, 2007 through
June 3, 2007 and from July 19, 2007 through January 1,
2008. Joseph W. Hansen was appointed as our Chief Financial
Officer effective January 2, 2008 and was terminated on April 3,
2009.
|
(6)
|
Amount
represents matching 401k funds from the
Company.
|
(7)
|
Amount
represents perquisites or personal benefits relating to and including
$1,770 attributable to payment of or reimbursement for commuting expenses
from Mr. Miller’s home to our corporate office locations in Fresno and
Sacramento, California; $20,925 attributable to housing and other living
expenses; $57,225 attributable to payment of or reimbursement for expenses
associated with the relocation of Mr. Miller’s residence to close
proximity with our corporate headquarters in Sacramento, California; and
$36,332 attributable to tax gross-up benefits associated with Mr. Miller’s
relocation.
|
(8)
|
Amount
represents perquisites or personal benefits relating to payment of or
reimbursement for commuting expenses from Mr. Wright’s home to our
corporate office locations in Fresno and Sacramento, California, and
housing and other living expenses.
|
(9)
|
Mr.
Hansen was appointed as our Chief Financial Officer on January 2, 2008 and
was terminated on April 3, 2009.
|
Executive
Employment Agreements
Neil
M. Koehler
Our
Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement with Mr. Koehler dated as of
December 11, 2007 provides for at-will employment. Mr. Koehler was to
receive a base salary of $300,000 per year, which was increased to $375,000
effective March 1, 2008, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash
bonus of up to 70% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance
criteria set by the Board and an additional cash bonus not to exceed 50% of the
net free cash flow of Kinergy Marketing, LLC (defined as revenues of Kinergy
Marketing, LLC, less Mr. Koehler’s salary and performance bonus, less capital
expenditures and all expenses incurred specific to Kinergy Marketing, LLC),
subject to a maximum of $300,000 in any given year; provided, that such bonus
will be reduced by ten percentage points each year, commencing in 2005, such
that 2009 will be the final year of such bonus at 10% of net free cash
flow.
Upon
termination by Pacific Ethanol without cause, resignation by Mr. Koehler for
good reason or upon Mr. Koehler’s disability, Mr. Koehler is entitled to receive
(i) severance equal to twelve months of base salary, (ii) continued health
insurance coverage for twelve months, and (iii) accelerated vesting of 25% of
all shares or options subject to any equity awards granted to Mr. Koehler prior
to Mr. Koehler’s termination which are unvested as of the date of
termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Mr. Koehler is
terminated without cause or resigns for good reason within three months before
or twelve months after a change in control, Mr. Koehler is entitled to (a)
severance equal to eighteen months of base salary, (b) continued health
insurance coverage for eighteen months, and (c) accelerated vesting of 100% of
all shares or options subject to any equity awards granted to Mr. Koehler prior
to Mr. Koehler’s termination that are unvested as of the date of
termination.
The term
“for good reason” is defined in the Executive Employment Agreement as (i) the
assignment to Mr. Koehler of any duties or responsibilities that result in the
material diminution of Mr. Koehler’s authority, duties or responsibility, (ii) a
material reduction by Pacific Ethanol in Mr. Koehler’s annual base salary,
except to the extent the base salaries of all other executive officers of
Pacific Ethanol are accordingly reduced, (iii) a relocation of Mr. Koehler’s
place of work, or Pacific Ethanol’s principal executive offices if Mr. Koehler’s
principal office is at such offices, to a location that increases Mr. Koehler’s
daily one-way commute by more than thirty-five miles, or (iv) any material
breach by Pacific Ethanol of any material provision of the Executive Employment
Agreement.
The term
“cause” is defined in the Executive Employment Agreement as (i) Mr. Koehler’s
indictment or conviction of any felony or of any crime involving dishonesty,
(ii) Mr. Koehler’s participation in any fraud or other act of willful misconduct
against Pacific Ethanol, (iii) Mr. Koehler’s refusal to comply with any lawful
directive of Pacific Ethanol, (iv) Mr. Koehler’s material breach of his
fiduciary, statutory, contractual, or common law duties to Pacific Ethanol, or
(v) conduct by Mr. Koehler which, in the good faith and reasonable determination
of the Board, demonstrates gross unfitness to serve; provided, however, that in
the event that any of the foregoing events is reasonably capable of being cured,
Pacific Ethanol shall, within twenty days after the discovery of such event,
provide written notice to Mr. Koehler describing the nature of such event and
Mr. Koehler shall thereafter have ten business days to cure such
event.
A “change
in control” of Pacific Ethanol is deemed to have occurred if, in a single
transaction or series of related transactions (i) any person (as such term is
used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), or persons acting as a
group, other than a trustee or fiduciary holding securities under an employee
benefit program, is or becomes a “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13-3
under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly of securities of Pacific Ethanol
representing a majority of the combined voting power of Pacific Ethanol, (ii)
there is a merger, consolidation or other business combination transaction of
Pacific Ethanol with or into another corporation, entity or person, other than a
transaction in which the holders of at least a majority of the shares of voting
capital stock of Pacific Ethanol outstanding immediately prior to such
transaction continue to hold (either by such shares remaining outstanding or by
their being converted into shares of voting capital stock of the surviving
entity) a majority of the total voting power represented by the shares of voting
capital stock of Pacific Ethanol (or the surviving entity) outstanding
immediately after such transaction, or (iii) all or substantially all of our
assets are sold.
John
T. Miller
Our
Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement with Mr. Miller dated as of
December 11, 2007 provides for at-will employment. Mr. Miller was to
receive a base salary of $250,000 per year, which was increased to $315,000
effective March 1, 2008, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash
bonus of up to 50% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance
criteria set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of Mr.
Miller’s Executive Employment Agreement are substantially the same as those
contained in Mr. Koehler’s Executive Employment Agreement, except that Mr.
Miller is not entitled to any bonus based on the net free cash flow of Kinergy
Marketing, LLC.
Christopher
W. Wright
Our
Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement with Mr. Wright dated as of
December 11, 2007 provides for at-will employment. Mr. Wright was to
receive a base salary of $225,000 per year, which was increased to $240,000,
effective March 1, 2008, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash
bonus of up to 50% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance
criteria set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of Mr.
Wright’s Executive Employment Agreement are substantially the same as those
contained in Mr. Koehler’s Executive Employment Agreement, except that Mr.
Wright is not entitled to any bonus based on the net free cash flow of Kinergy
Marketing, LLC.
Joseph
W. Hansen
Our
Executive Employment Agreement with Mr. Hansen dated as of December 11, 2007
provided for at-will employment. Mr. Hansen was to receive a base
salary of $250,000 per year and was eligible to receive an annual discretionary
cash bonus of up to 50% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance
criteria set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of Mr.
Hansen’s Executive Employment Agreement were substantially the same as those
contained in Mr. Koehler’s Executive Employment Agreement, except that Mr.
Hansen was not entitled to any bonus based on the net free cash flow of Kinergy
Marketing, LLC. On April 3, 2009, we terminated Mr. Hansen’s employment and his
Executive Employment Agreement.
The
following table sets forth summary information regarding all grants of
plan-based awards made to our named executive officers during the year ended
December 31, 2008. As of the end of 2008, none of the named executive officers
held any performance-based equity or non-equity incentive awards.
|
|
|
|
All
Other Stock Awards: Number
of Shares of Stock or Units (#)(1)
|
|
|
Grant
Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards
($)(2)
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
April
8, 2008
|
|
|
79,908 |
|
|
$ |
342,805 |
|
John
T. Miller
|
|
April
8, 2008
|
|
|
31,963 |
|
|
$ |
137,121 |
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
April
8, 2008
|
|
|
22,374 |
|
|
$ |
95,985 |
|
Joseph
W. Hansen
|
|
January
17, 2008
|
|
|
52,650 |
|
|
$ |
290,628
|
|
|
|
April
8, 2008
|
|
|
22,374 |
|
|
$ |
95,985 |
|
|
(1)
|
The
stock awards reported in the above table represent shares of stock granted
under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. Mr. Hansen’s grant dated January 17,
2008 vested as to 10,530 shares on April 1, 2008 and as to 10,530 shares
on October 4, 2008 and, originally, the balance was to vest on each of the
next three anniversaries commencing October 4, 2009. Upon our termination
of Mr. Hansen’s employment on April 3, 2009, 12,092 shares vested
immediately and the balance of his shares of restricted stock were
forfeited. The shares granted on April 8, 2008 to the other named
executive officers vest as to 25% of the shares on each of the next four
anniversaries commencing on April 1,
2009.
|
|
(2)
|
The
dollar value of grants of common stock shown represents the grant date
fair value calculated based on the fair market value of our common stock
on the grant date. The actual value that an executive will
realize on the award will depend on the price per share of our common
stock at the time shares are sold. There is no assurance that
the actual value realized by an executive will be at or near the grant
date fair value of the shares
awarded.
|
The following table sets forth
information about outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers
as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of Shares
or
Units of Stock
That
Have Not Vested
(#)(1)
|
|
|
Market
Value of Shares
or
Units of Stock
That
Have Not Vested
($)(2)
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
|
122,028 |
|
|
$ |
53,692 |
|
John
T. Miller
|
|
|
63,553 |
|
|
$ |
27,963 |
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
|
53,964 |
|
|
$ |
23,744 |
|
Joseph
W. Hansen
|
|
|
53,964 |
|
|
$ |
23,744 |
|
___________________
|
(1)
|
The
stock awards reported in the above table represent shares of stock granted
under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan on October 4, 2006, January 17,
2008 and April 8, 2008. Mr. Koehler’s grant vests as to 14,040 shares on
each of the next four anniversaries of October 4, 2007. Messrs. Miller’s
and Wright’s grants each vest as to 10,530 shares on each of the next four
anniversaries of October 4, 2007. Upon our termination of Mr.
Hansen’s employment on April 3, 2009, 12,092 shares vested immediately and
the balance of his shares of restricted stock were
forfeited.
|
|
(2)
|
Represents
the fair market value per share of our common stock on December 31, 2008,
which was $0.44, multiplied by the number of shares that had not vested as
of December 31, 2008.
|
The following table summarizes the
vesting of stock awards for each of our named executive officers for the year
ended December 31, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of Shares
Acquired
on Vesting
(#)
|
|
|
Value
Realized
on
Vesting
($)(1)
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
|
14,040 |
|
|
$ |
17,971 |
|
John
T. Miller
|
|
|
10,530 |
|
|
$ |
13,478 |
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
|
10,530 |
|
|
$ |
13,478 |
|
Joseph
W. Hansen
|
|
|
21,060 |
|
|
$ |
61,706 |
|
(1)
|
Represents
the closing price of a share of our common stock on the date of vesting
multiplied by the number of shares that vested on such date, including any
shares that were withheld by us to satisfy minimum employment withholding
taxes.
|
Executive Employment
Agreements. We have entered into agreements with our named
executive officers that provide certain benefits upon the termination of their
employment under certain prescribed circumstances. Those agreements
are described under “Executive Employment Agreements” above.
2006 Stock Incentive
Plan. Under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, if a change in
control occurs, each outstanding equity award under the discretionary grant
program will automatically accelerate in full, unless (i) that award is assumed
by the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect, (ii) the award is
replaced with a cash retention program that preserves the spread existing on the
unvested shares subject to that equity award (the excess of the fair market
value of those shares over the exercise or base price in effect for the shares)
and provides for subsequent payout of that spread in accordance with the same
vesting schedule in effect for those shares, or (iii) the acceleration of the
award is subject to other limitations imposed by the plan
administrator. In addition, all unvested shares outstanding under the
discretionary grant and stock issuance programs will immediately vest upon the
change in control, except to the extent our repurchase rights with respect to
those shares are to be assigned to the successor corporation or otherwise
continued in effect or accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations
imposed by the plan administrator. Each outstanding equity award
under the stock issuance program will vest as to the number of shares of common
stock subject to that award immediately prior to the change in control, unless
that equity award is assumed by the successor corporation or otherwise continued
in effect or replaced with a cash retention program similar to the program
described in clause (ii) above or unless vesting is precluded by its
terms. Immediately following a change in control, all outstanding
awards under the discretionary grant program will terminate and cease to be
outstanding except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation or its
parent or otherwise expressly continued in full force and effect pursuant to the
terms of the change in control transaction.
The plan
administrator will have the discretion to structure one or more equity awards
under the discretionary grant and stock issuance programs so that those equity
awards will vest in full either immediately upon a change in control or in the
event the individual’s service with us or the successor entity is terminated
(actually or constructively) within a designated period following a change in
control transaction, whether or not those equity awards are to be assumed or
otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention
program.
The
definition of “change in control” under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan is
substantially the same as provided under “Executive Employment Agreements”
above.
In
accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the
following table presents our estimate of the benefits payable to the named
executive officers under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan and their executive
employment agreements assuming that for each of Messrs. Koehler, Miller, Wright
and Hansen (i) a “change in control” occurred on December 31, 2008, the last
business day of 2008, and (a) there was a termination by the executive “for good
reason,” or by us without “cause” within three months before or twelve months
after the change in control, or (b) none of the executives’ equity awards were
assumed by the successor corporation or replaced with a cash retention program,
(ii) a qualifying termination occurred on December 31, 2008, which is a
termination by the executive “for good reason,” by us without “cause” or upon
the executive’s disability, or (iii) a non-qualifying termination occurred on
December 31, 2008, which is a voluntary termination by the executive other than
“for good reason” or by us for “cause.” See “Executive Employment
Agreements” above for definitions of “for good reason,” “cause” and “change in
control.”
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Continuation
of
Benefits(2)
|
|
|
Value
of Stock
Acceleration(3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
Change
in Control
|
|
$ |
562,500 |
|
|
$ |
24,372 |
|
|
$ |
53,692 |
|
|
$ |
640,564 |
|
|
|
Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
375,000 |
|
|
$ |
16,248 |
|
|
$ |
13,423 |
|
|
$ |
404,671 |
|
|
|
Non-Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John
T. Miller
|
|
Change
in Control
|
|
$ |
472,500 |
|
|
$ |
17,226 |
|
|
$ |
27,963 |
|
|
$ |
517,689 |
|
|
|
Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
315,000 |
|
|
$ |
11,484 |
|
|
$ |
6,991 |
|
|
$ |
333,475 |
|
|
|
Non-Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
Change
in Control
|
|
$ |
360,000 |
|
|
$ |
23,328 |
|
|
$ |
23,744 |
|
|
$ |
407,072 |
|
|
|
Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
240,000 |
|
|
$ |
15,552 |
|
|
$ |
5,936 |
|
|
$ |
261,488 |
|
|
|
Non-Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Joseph
W. Hansen(5)
|
|
Change
in Control
|
|
$ |
375,000 |
|
|
$ |
24,372 |
|
|
$ |
23,744 |
|
|
$ |
423,116 |
|
|
|
Qualifying
Termination
|
|
$ |
250,000 |
|
|
$ |
16,248 |
|
|
$ |
5,936 |
|
|
$ |
272,184 |
|
|
|
Non-Qualifying
Termination
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(1)
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Represents
eighteen months additional salary after the date of termination in the
event of a Change in Control and twelve months additional salary after the
date of termination in the event of a Qualifying Termination based on the
executive’s salary as of December 31,
2008.
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(2)
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Represents
the aggregate value of the continuation of certain employee health
benefits for up to eighteen months after the date of termination in the
event of a Change in Control and for up to twelve months after the date of
termination in the event of a Qualifying
Termination.
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(3)
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Represents
the aggregate value of the accelerated vesting of 100% of all of the
executive’s unvested restricted stock grants in the event of a Change in
Control and 25% of all of the executive’s unvested restricted stock grants
in the event of a Qualifying Termination. The amounts shown as
the value of the accelerated restricted stock grants are based solely on
the intrinsic value of the restricted stock grants as of December 31,
2008, which was calculated by multiplying (i) the fair market value of our
common stock on December 31, 2008, which was $0.44, by (ii) the assumed
number of shares vesting on an accelerated basis on December 31,
2008.
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(4)
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Excludes
the value to the executive of the continuing right to indemnification and
continuing coverage under our directors’ and officers’ liability
insurance, if applicable.
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(5)
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Mr.
Hansen’s employment was terminated on April 3, 2009 under circumstances
deemed to be a “Qualifying
Termination.”
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Our
Compensation Committee consists of Messrs. Layne, Prince, Kieta and
Stone. None of these individuals were officers or employees of
Pacific Ethanol at any time during 2008 or at any other time. During
2008, none of our executive officers served as a member of the board of
directors or compensation committee of any other entity whose executive
officer(s) served on our Board or Compensation Committee.
Policies
and Procedures for Approval of Related Party Transactions
Our Board
has the responsibility to review and discuss with management and approve, and
has adopted written policies and procedures relating to approval or ratification
of, interested transactions with related parties. During this
process, the material facts as to the related party’s interest in a transaction
are disclosed to all Board members or an applicable committee. Under
the policies and procedures, the Board is to review each interested transaction
with a related party that requires approval and either approve or disapprove of
the entry into the interested transaction. An interested transaction
is any transaction in which we are a participant and any related party has or
will have a direct or indirect interest. Transactions that are in the
ordinary course of business and would not require either disclosure pursuant to
Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act or approval of the Board
or an independent committee of the Board pursuant to applicable NASDAQ rules
would not be deemed interested transactions. No director may
participate in any approval of an interested transaction with respect to which
he or she is a related party. Our Board intends to approve only those
related party transactions that are in the best interests of Pacific Ethanol and
our stockholders.
Other
than as described below or elsewhere in this Proxy Statement, since January 1,
2008, there has not been a transaction or series of related transactions to
which Pacific Ethanol was or is a party involving an amount in excess of
$120,000 and in which any director, executive officer, holder of more than 5% of
any class of our voting securities, or any member of the immediate family of any
of the foregoing persons, had or will have a direct or indirect material
interest. All of the below transactions were separately approved by
our Board.
Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions
Miscellaneous
We are or
have been a party to employment and compensation arrangements with related
parties, as more particularly described above in “Executive Compensation and
Related Information—Executive Employment Agreements.” We have entered
into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors and executive
officers. The indemnification agreements and our certificate of
incorporation and bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers to
the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
Neil
M. Koehler
Series
B Preferred Stock
On May
20, 2008, we sold Neil M. Koehler, who is our President and Chief Executive
Officer and one of our directors, 256,410 shares our Series B Preferred Stock,
all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 769,230 shares of
our common stock based on an initial three-for-one conversion ratio and warrants
to purchase an aggregate of 384,615 shares of our common stock at an exercise
price of $7.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of
$5,000,000. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and
paid cash dividends to Mr. Koehler in respect of our Series B Preferred Stock in
the aggregate amount of $214,794.
Loan
Transaction
On March
30, 2009, we entered into an unsecured promissory note in favor of Mr. Koehler.
The promissory note is for the principal amount of
$1,000,000. Interest on the unpaid principal amount of the promissory
note accrues at a rate per annum of 8.00%. All principal and unpaid
interest on the promissory note is due and payable on March 30,
2010.
Paul
P. Koehler
Paul P.
Koehler, a brother of Neil M. Koehler, who is our President and Chief Executive
Officer and one of our directors, is employed by us as Vice President of
Corporate Development, at an annual salary of $190,000.
On May
20, 2008, we sold Mr. Koehler 12,820 shares our Series B Preferred Stock, all of
which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 38,460 shares of our
common stock based on an initial three-for-one conversion ratio and warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 19,230 shares of our common stock at an exercise price
of $7.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000. For
the year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and paid cash dividends to Mr.
Koehler in respect of our Series B Preferred Stock in the aggregate amount of
$10,739.
Thomas
D. Koehler
Thomas D.
Koehler, a brother of Neil M. Koehler, who is our President and Chief Executive
Officer and one of our directors, was employed by us as Vice President of Public
Policy and Markets, at an annual salary of $175,000 through March 31, 2008, his
last day of employment with us.
Effective
as of April 1, 2008, we entered into an Independent Contractor Services
Agreement with Mr. Koehler for the provision of strategic consulting services,
including in connection with promoting Pacific Ethanol and ethanol as a fuel
additive and transportation fuel with governmental agencies. Mr.
Koehler is to be compensated at a rate of $12,500 per month.
On May
20, 2008, we sold Mr. Koehler 12,820 shares our Series B Preferred Stock, all of
which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 38,460 shares of our
common stock based on an initial three-for-one conversion ratio and warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 19,230 shares of our common stock at an exercise price
of $7.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000. For
the year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and paid cash dividends to Mr.
Koehler in respect of our Series B Preferred Stock in the aggregate amount of
$10,739.
William
L. Jones
Sales
of Corn
During
2008, we sold corn to Tri-J Land & Cattle, an entity owned by William L.
Jones, our Chairman of the Board and a director. We are not under contract with
Tri-J Land & Cattle, but we sell rolled corn to Tri-J Land & Cattle on a
spot basis as needed. Sales of rolled corn to Tri-J Land & Cattle
totaled $1,300 for the year ended December 31, 2008. Accounts
receivable from Tri-J Land & Cattle totaled $1,300 at December 31,
2008.
Series
B Preferred Stock
On May
20, 2008, we sold Mr. Jones 12,820 shares our Series B Preferred Stock, all of
which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 38,460 shares of our
common stock based on an initial three-for-one conversion ratio and warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 19,230 shares of our common stock at an exercise price
of $7.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000. For
the year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and paid cash dividends to Mr.
Jones in respect of our Series B Preferred Stock in the aggregate amount of
$10,739.
Loan
Transaction
On March
30, 2009, we entered into an unsecured promissory note in favor of Mr. Jones.
The promissory note is for the principal amount of
$1,000,000. Interest on the unpaid principal amount of the promissory
note accrues at a rate per annum of 8.00%. All principal and unpaid
interest on the promissory note is due and payable on March 30,
2010.
Ryan
W. Turner
On May
13, 2009, we entered into a consulting agreement with Ryan W. Turner, who is the
son-in-law of William L. Jones, for consulting services relating to a potential
capital raising transaction and reorganization of us or our bankrupt
subsidiaries, or both, at $10,000 per month.
Michael
D. Kandris
During
2008, we contracted with Ruan, an entity in which Michael D. Kandris, one of our
directors, is a senior officer, for certain transportation services for our
products. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we purchased certain
transportation services for $1,487,000. As of December 31, 2008, we
had $608,000 of outstanding accounts payable to Ruan.
Cascade
Investment, L.L.C.
For the
year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and paid cash dividends to Cascade
Investment, L.L.C. (“Cascade”) in respect of our Cumulative Redeemable
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) in the
aggregate amount of $1,709,000. During 2008, Cascade converted all of
its 5,315,625 shares of Series A Preferred Stock into 10,631,250 shares of our
common stock. As a result, at December 31, 2008, there were no
outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.
Lyles
United, LLC
Series
B Preferred Stock
On March
27, 2008, we sold Lyles United, LLC (“Lyles”) 2,051,282 shares our Series B
Preferred Stock, all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of
6,153,846 shares of our common stock based on an initial three-for-one
conversion ratio and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 3,076,923 shares of
our common stock at an exercise price of $7.00 per share, for an aggregate
purchase price of $40,000,000. We also issued to Lyles a warrant to
purchase 100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per
share in connection with the extension of the maturity date of a
loan.
For the
year ended December 31, 2008, we declared and paid cash dividends to Lyles in
respect of our Series B Preferred Stock in the aggregate amount of $2,148,000.
In addition, as of December 31, 2008, we had notes payable of $30,000,000 to
Lyles and $1,500,000 to one of its affiliated companies, Lyles Mechanical
Co.
Construction
Relationship
During
the year ended December 31, 2008, we contracted with the W.M. Lyles Company
(“W.M. Lyles”) for certain construction services associated with the
construction of some of our ethanol production facilities. These agreements
resulted in payments of approximately $43,143,000 to W. M. Lyles and
approximately $3,575,000 outstanding as of December 31, 2008.
Lyles
United Loan Transactions
In
November and December 2007, one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries borrowed, in
two loan transactions of equal amount, an aggregate of $30,000,000 from Lyles.
The loans were due in the amount of $15,000,000 in each of February and March
2009 and were secured by substantially all of the assets of the subsidiary. We
guaranteed the repayment of the loan. The first loan accrued interest
at the Prime Rate of interest as reported from time to time in The Wall Street Journal, plus
two percent (2.00%) and the second loan accrued interest at the Prime Rate of
interest as reported from time to time in The Wall Street Journal, plus
four percent (4.00%). In connection with the extension of the
maturity date of the first loan, we issued to Lyles a warrant to purchase
100,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per
share.
In
connection with the first loan in November 2007, our subsidiary entered into a
Letter Agreement with Lyles under which it committed to award the primary
construction and mechanical contract to Lyles or one of its affiliates for the
construction of an ethanol production facility at our Imperial Valley site near
Calipatria, California (the “Project”), conditioned upon the subsidiary
electing, in its sole discretion, to proceed with the Project and Lyles or its
affiliate having all necessary licenses and being otherwise ready, willing and
able to perform the primary construction and mechanical contract. In
the event the foregoing conditions are satisfied and the subsidiary awards the
contract to a party other than Lyles or one of its affiliates, the subsidiary
will be required to pay to Lyles, as liquidated damages, an amount equal to $5.0
million.
In
November 2008, we restructured the loans from Lyles. We assumed all of the
subsidiary’s obligations under the loans and issued a single promissory note in
favor of Lyles in the principal amount of $30,000,000. The new loan is due March
15, 2009 and accrues interest at the Prime Rate of interest as reported from
time to time in The Wall
Street Journal, plus three percent (3.00%). We also terminated Lyles’
security interest in our subsidiary’s assets. We also entered into a joint
instruction letter with Lyles instructing a subsidiary to remit directly to
Lyles any cash distributions received on account of the subsidiary’s ownership
interests in the initial obligor subsidiary or Front Range Energy, LLC until
such time as the loan is repaid in full. In addition, the subsidiary
entered into a limited recourse guaranty in favor of Lyles to the extent of such
cash distributions. Another subsidiary also guaranteed our
obligations as to the loan and pledged all of its assets as security
therefor. Finally, the initial obligor subsidiary paid all accrued
and unpaid interest on the initial loans through November 6, 2008 in the
aggregate amount of $2,205,000.
We,
including through our subsidiaries, paid Lyles an aggregate of $2,683,000 in
interest on the loans for the year ended December 31, 2008 and through the
filing of this Proxy Statement.
Lyles
Mechanical Loan Transaction
In
October 2008, we issued an unsecured promissory note to Lyles Mechanical Co., a
Lyles affiliate. The promissory note is for the principal amount of $1,500,000
for final payment due to Lyles Mechanical Co. for final construction our ethanol
production facility in Stockton, California. Interest on the unpaid principal
amount of the promissory note accrues at an annual rate equal to the Prime Rate
as reported from time to time in The Wall Street Journal plus
two percent (2.00%). All principal and unpaid interest on the promissory note is
due on March 31, 2009.
Forbearance
Agreements
In
February 2009 we and certain of our subsidiaries as well as Lyles and Lyles
Mechanical Co. entered into a forbearance agreement relating to the loans
described above. In March 2009, we and certain of our subsidiaries as well as
Lyles and Lyles Mechanical Co. entered into an amended forbearance agreement
relating to the loans described above. The amended forbearance
agreement provides that Lyles and Lyles Mechanical Co. will forbear from
exercising their rights and remedies under their promissory notes until the
earliest to occur of (i) April 30, 2009; (ii) the date of termination of the
forbearance period due to a default under the amended forbearance agreement; and
(iii) the date on which all of the obligations under the promissory notes and
related documents have been paid and discharged in full and the promissory notes
have been canceled.
Stockholder
Proposals
Pursuant
to Rule 14a–8 under the Exchange Act, proposals by stockholders that are
intended for inclusion in our Proxy Statement and proxy card and to be presented
at our next annual meeting must be received by us no later than 120 calendar
days in advance of the one-year anniversary of the date of this Proxy Statement
in order to be considered for inclusion in our proxy materials relating to the
next annual meeting. Such proposals shall be addressed to our
corporate Secretary at our corporate headquarters and may be included in next
year’s annual meeting proxy materials if they comply with rules and regulations
of the Securities and Exchange Commission governing stockholder
proposals.
Proposals
by stockholders that are not intended for inclusion in our proxy materials may
be made by any stockholder who timely and completely complies with the notice
procedures contained in our bylaws, was a stockholder of record at the time of
giving of notice and is entitled to vote at the meeting, so long as the proposal
is a proper matter for stockholder action and the stockholder otherwise complies
with the provisions of our bylaws and applicable law. However,
stockholder nominations of persons for election to our Board at a special
meeting may only be made if our Board has determined that directors are to be
elected at the special meeting.
To be
timely, a stockholder’s notice regarding a proposal not intended for inclusion
in our proxy materials must be delivered to our secretary at our corporate
headquarters not later than:
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In
the case of an annual meeting, the close of business on the 45th day
before the first anniversary of the date on which we first mailed our
proxy materials for the prior year’s annual meeting of
stockholders. However, if the date of the meeting has changed
more than 30 days from the date of the prior year’s meeting, then in order
for the stockholder’s notice to be timely it must be delivered to our
corporate Secretary a reasonable time before we mail our proxy materials
for the current year’s meeting. For purposes of the preceding
sentence, a “reasonable time” coincides with any adjusted deadline we
publicly announce.
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In
the case of a special meeting, the close of business on the 7th day
following the day on which we first publicly announce the date of the
special meeting.
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Except as
otherwise provided by law, if the chairperson of the meeting determines that a
nomination or any business proposed to be brought before a meeting was not made
or proposed in accordance with the procedures set forth in our bylaws and
summarized above, the chairperson may prohibit the nomination or proposal from
being presented at the meeting.
Available
Information
We are
subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. In
accordance with the Exchange Act, we file reports, proxy statements and other
information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These
materials can be inspected and copied at the Public Reference Room maintained by
the Securities and Exchange Commission at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington,
D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the
operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange
Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our common stock trades on The NASDAQ
Global Market under the symbol “PEIX.”
Annual
Report
A copy of
our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, as amended,
has been provided concurrently with this proxy statement (or made available
electronically, for stockholders who elected to access these materials over the
Internet) to all stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual
Meeting. The Annual Report is not incorporated by reference into this
Proxy Statement and is not deemed to be a part of our proxy solicitation
materials. Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K (without
exhibits) for the year ended December 31, 2008, as amended, will be furnished by
first class mail, without charge, to any person from whom the accompanying proxy
is solicited upon written or oral request to Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol
Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814,
Attention: Investor Relations, telephone
(916) 403-2123. If exhibit copies are requested, a copying
charge of $0.20 per page applies. In addition, all of our public
filings, including our Annual Report, can be found free of charge on the website
of the Securities and Exchange Commission at http://www.sec.gov.
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
400 CAPITOL
MALL
SUITE
2060
SACRAMENTO, CA
95814-4407
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VOTE
BY INTERNET - www.proxyvote.com
Use
the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic
delivery of information up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before
the cut-off date or meeting date. Have your proxy card in hand when you
access the web site and follow the
instructions to obtain your records and to create an electronic voting
instruction form.
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Electronic
Delivery of Future PROXY MATERIAS
If
you would like to reduce the costs incurred by our company in mailing
proxy materials, you can consent to receiving all future proxy statements,
proxy cards and annual reports electronically via e-mail or the Internet.
To sign up for electronic delivery, please follow the instructions above
to vote using the Internet and, when prompted, indicate that you agree to
receive or access proxy materials electronically in future
years.
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VOTE
BY PHONE - 1-800-690-6903
Use
any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions up until
11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date or meeting date.
Have your proxy card in hand when you call and then follow the
instructions.
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VOTE
BY MAIL
Mark,
sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope
we have provided or return it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51
Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY
11717.
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TO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE
OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS:
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KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDS |
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DETACH AND
RETURN THIS PORTION ONLY |
THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN
SIGNED AND DATED.
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For |
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For All |
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To withhold
authority to vote for any individual nominee(s), mark “For All Except” and
write the number(s) of the nominee(s) on the line below. |
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The Board of Directors recommends that
you
vote FOR each proposal.
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1. Election
of Directors
Nominees:
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________________________________________
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01) William L. Jones |
02) Neil M. Koehler |
03) Terry L. Stone |
04) John L. Prince |
05) Douglas L.
Kieta
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06) Larry D.
Layne
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07) Michael D. Kandris |
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The
Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following
proposal(s):
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For |
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Against |
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Abstain |
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2. To
ratify
the appointment of Hein & Associates LLP as the Company's independent
registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31,
2009.
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NOTE:
Such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any
adjournment thereof.
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For address
change/comments, mark here. |
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(see reverse for
instructions) |
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Yes |
No |
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Please indicate if
you plan to attend this meeting |
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Please
sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) hereon. When signing as attorney,
executor, administrator, or other fiduciary, please give full title as
such. Joint owners should each sign personally. All holders must sign. If
a corporation or partnership, please sign in full corporate or partnership
name, by authorized officer.
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Signature [PLEASE SIGN WITHIN BOX] |
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Signature
(Joint Owners) |
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Important Notice Regarding the
Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting: The Notice &
Proxy Statement, Annual Report is/are available at www.proxyvote.com.
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PROXY
FOR 2009 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF
THE BOARD
OF DIRECTORS
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The
undersigned stockholder of Pacific
Ethanol, Inc. (the "Company"), hereby constitutes and appoints
Neil M. Koehler and William L. Jones, with the
power to appoint their substitutes, as attorney and proxy to appear,
attend and vote all the shares of common stock of the Company standing in
the name of the undersigned on the record date at the 2009 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders of the Company to be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on
Tuesday, December 29, 2009 at the Company’s Headquarters, 400 Capitol
Mall, Suite 2060 in Sacramento, CA 95814, and at any
adjournment or adjournments thereof, upon the below
proposals.
This
proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed
herein. If no such direction is made, this proxy will be voted in
accordance with the Board of Directors' recommendations.
Address change/comments:
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(If
you noted any Address Changes and/or Comments above, please mark
corresponding box on the reverse side.)
Continued
and to be signed on reverse side
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***
Exercise Your Right
to Vote ***
IMPORTANT NOTICE Regarding the Availability of Proxy
Materials
PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.
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Meeting
Information
Meeting
Type:
Annual
Meeting
For holders as
of: November 12,
2009
Date: December 29,
2009 Time: 9:00 AM
PST
Location: Company's
Headquarters
400 Capitol Mall
Suite 2060
Sacramento, CA
95814
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You
are receiving this communication because you hold shares
in the above named company. |
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
400
CAPITOL MALL
SUITE
2060
SACRAMENTO, CA
95814-4407
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This is not a ballot. You cannot use this
notice to vote these shares. This communication
presents only an overview of the more complete
proxy materials that are available to you on the Internet.
You may view the proxy materials online at www.proxyvote.com or easily request a paper copy (see reverse
side). |
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We encourage you to access and
review all of the important information contained
in the proxy materials before
voting. |
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See the reverse side of this
notice to obtain proxy materials and voting
instructions. |
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— Before
You Vote —
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How
to Access the Proxy Materials
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Proxy
Materials Available to VIEW or RECEIVE:
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1.
Notice & Proxy Statement 2.
Annual Report |
How
to View Online:
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Have the 12-Digit Control Number
available (located on the following page) and visit: www.proxyvote.com.
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How
to Request and Receive a PAPER or E-MAIL Copy:
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If you want to receive a paper or
e-mail copy of these documents, you must request one. There is NO charge
for requesting a copy. Please choose
one of the following methods to make your
request:
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1) BY
INTERNET:
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www.proxyvote.com
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2) BY
TELEPHONE:
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1-800-579-1639
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3) BY
E-MAIL*:
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sendmaterial@proxyvote.com
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* If requesting materials by
e-mail, please send a blank e-mail with the 12-Digit Control Number
(located on the following page) in the subject
line.
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Requests, instructions and other inquiries sent
to this e-mail address will NOT be forwarded to your investment advisor. Please make the request as instructed above on
or before December 15, 2009 to facilitate timely
delivery.
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— How To Vote —
Please
Choose One of The Following Voting Methods
Vote In
Person: Many
shareholder meetings have attendance requirements including, but not
limited to, the possession of an attendance ticket issued by
the entity holding the meeting. Please check the meeting materials for any
special requirements for meeting
attendance. At the Meeting you will need to request a ballot to vote these
shares.
|
Vote By
Internet: To vote
now by Internet, go to www.proxyvote.com. Have the 12 Digit Control Number
available and follow the
instructions.
|
Vote By Mail: You can
vote by mail by requesting a paper copy of the materials, which will
include a proxy card.
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The Board of
Directors recommends that you
vote FOR the
following:
1. Election of
Directors
Nominees
01) William L. Jones |
02) Neil M. Koehler |
03) Terry L. Stone |
04) John L. Prince |
05) Douglas L.
Kieta
|
06) Larry D.
Layne
|
07) Michael D. Kandris |
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|
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The
Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following
proposal(s):
2. To ratify the
appointment of Hein & Associates LLP as the Company's independent registered
public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2009.
NOTE:
Such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any
adjournment thereof.