SCHEDULE
14A INFORMATION
Proxy
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
5711
N. WEST AVENUE
FRESNO,
CALIFORNIA 93711
August
2,
2006
To
Our
Stockholders:
You
are
cordially invited to attend the 2006 annual meeting of stockholders of Pacific
Ethanol, Inc. that will be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on September 7, 2006
at Pardini’s located at 2257 W. Shaw Avenue, Fresno,
California 93711. All holders of our outstanding common stock as of the close
of
business on July 21, 2006 are entitled to vote at the 2006 annual
meeting.
Enclosed
is a copy of the notice of annual meeting of stockholders, a Proxy Statement
and
a proxy card. Also enclosed is a copy of our annual report on Form 10-KSB for
the year ended December 31, 2005. A current report on the business operations
of
Pacific Ethanol, Inc. will be presented at the meeting and stockholders will
have an opportunity to ask questions.
We
hope
you will be able to attend the 2006 annual meeting. Whether or not you expect
to
attend, it is important that you complete, sign, date and return the proxy
card
in the enclosed envelope in order to make certain that your shares will be
represented at the 2006 annual meeting.
/s/
William L. Jones
William
L. Jones,
Chairman
of the Board
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
5711
N. WEST AVENUE
FRESNO,
CALIFORNIA 93711
NOTICE
OF 2006 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO
BE HELD SEPTEMBER 7, 2006
NOTICE
IS
HEREBY GIVEN that the 2006 annual meeting of stockholders of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc., a Delaware corporation, will be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on
September 7, 2006 at Pardini’s located at 2257 W. Shaw Avenue, Fresno,
California 93711, for the following purposes:
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1.
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To
elect seven directors to our Board of
Directors;
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2.
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To
ratify and approve the adoption of our 2006 Stock Incentive
Plan;
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3.
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To
ratify the selection and appointment of Hein & Associates LLP as our
independent registered public accountants to audit the financial
statements of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. for the year ending December
31, 2006;
and
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4.
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To
transact such other business as may properly come before the 2006
annual
meeting or any adjournment or adjournments thereof.
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Our
Board
of Directors has fixed the close of business on July 21, 2006 as the record
date
for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at
the
2006 annual meeting and all adjourned meetings thereof.
By
Order
of the Board of Directors
/s/
William L. Jones
William
L. Jones,
Chairman
of the Board
Dated:
August 2, 2006
PLEASE
FILL IN, DATE, SIGN AND RETURN THE ENCLOSED PROXY IN THE RETURN ENVELOPE
FURNISHED FOR THAT PURPOSE AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE, WHETHER OR NOT YOU PLAN
TO
ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING. IF YOU LATER DESIRE TO REVOKE YOUR PROXY FOR ANY
REASON, YOU MAY DO SO IN THE MANNER DESCRIBED IN THE ATTACHED PROXY
STATEMENT.
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Page
VOTING
AND PROXY
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1
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PROPOSAL
1 - ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
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3
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INFORMATION
ABOUT OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS, BOARD COMMITTEES AND RELATED
MATTERS
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4
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EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION AND RELATED INFORMATION
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9
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SECTION
16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
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16
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CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
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17
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SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
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23
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PROPOSAL
2 - RATIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF ADOPTION OF 2006 STOCK INCENTIVE
PLAN
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27
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PROPOSAL
3 - RATIFICATION OF SELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
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38
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OTHER
MATTERS
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38
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STOCKHOLDER
PROPOSALS
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39
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AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
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39
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ANNUAL
REPORT
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40
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APPENDIX
A - 2006 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
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A-1
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PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
5711
N. WEST AVENUE
FRESNO,
CALIFORNIA 93711
PROXY
STATEMENT
_____________________
2006
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
SEPTEMBER
7, 2006
_____________________
THESE
PROXY MATERIALS ARE FIRST BEING MAILED TO
STOCKHOLDERS
ON OR ABOUT AUGUST 2, 2006
_____________________
VOTING
AND PROXY
This
Proxy Statement is being furnished in connection with the solicitation of
proxies by our board of directors (“Board”) for use at the 2006 annual meeting
of stockholders to be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on September 7, 2006 at
Pardini’s located at 2257 W. Shaw Avenue,
Fresno,
California 93711, and at any adjournments of the 2006 annual meeting. When
a
proxy is properly executed and returned, the shares it represents will be voted
according to directions noted on the proxy. If no specification is indicated,
the shares will be voted “for” each of the proposals listed on the proxy. Any
stockholder giving a proxy has the power to revoke it at any time before it
is
voted by providing written notice to our corporate Secretary, by issuance of
a
subsequent proxy or by voting in person at the 2006 annual meeting.
Our
annual report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2005 is being
mailed to stockholders concurrently with this Proxy Statement. The annual report
is not to be regarded as proxy soliciting material or as a communication through
which any solicitation of proxies is made. A proxy card is enclosed for your
use. The shares represented by each properly executed unrevoked proxy card
will
be voted as directed by the stockholder with respect to the matters described
in
the proxy card. If no direction is made, the shares represented by each properly
executed proxy card will be voted “for” each of the proposals listed on the
proxy card. Any proxy given may be revoked at any time prior to its exercise
by
filing with our corporate Secretary an instrument revoking the proxy or by
filing a duly executed proxy card bearing a later date. Any stockholder present
at the meeting who has given a proxy may withdraw it and vote his, her or its
shares in person if he, she or it so desires. However, a stockholder who holds
shares through a broker or other nominee must bring a legal proxy to the meeting
if that stockholder desires to vote at the meeting.
At
the
close of business on July 21, 2006, the record date for determining stockholders
entitled to notice of and to vote at the 2006 annual meeting, we had issued
and
outstanding 37,223,236 shares of common stock held by 527 holders of record
and
5,250,000 shares of Series A Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred
Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) held by one holder of record. Only
stockholders of record at the close of business on the record date are entitled
to notice of and to vote at the 2006 annual meeting or at any adjournments
of
the meeting.
Each
share of our common stock issued and outstanding on the record date entitles
the
holder of that share to one vote at the 2006 annual meeting for all matters
to
be voted on at the meeting. Each share of our Series A Preferred Stock
issued and outstanding on the record date entitles the holder of that share
to
approximately 1.78 votes at the 2006 annual meeting for all matters to be voted
on at the meeting. The holders of a majority of the voting power of our issued
and outstanding capital stock and entitled to vote at the meeting, present
in
person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for purposes of voting
on the proposals. Votes cast at the 2006 annual meeting will be tabulated by
the
person or persons appointed by us to act as inspectors of election for the
meeting. Shares of our common stock and our Series A Preferred Stock
represented in person or by proxy (regardless of whether the proxy has authority
to vote on all matters), as well as abstentions and broker non-votes, will
be
counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at the
meeting.
An
“abstention” is the voluntary act of not voting by a stockholder who is present
at a meeting and entitled to vote. “Broker non-votes” are shares of voting stock
held in record name by brokers and nominees concerning which: (i) instructions
have not been received from the beneficial owners or persons entitled to vote;
(ii) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting power under
applicable rules or the instrument under which it serves in such capacity;
or
(iii) the record holder has indicated on the proxy or has executed a proxy
and
otherwise notified us that it does not have authority to vote such shares on
that matter.
In
any
election of directors, the candidates receiving the highest number of
affirmative votes of the shares entitled to be voted for them, up to the number
of directors to be elected by such shares, are elected. Votes against a
candidate and votes withheld have no legal effect.
We
will
pay the expenses of soliciting proxies for the 2006 annual meeting, including
the cost of preparing, assembling and mailing the proxy solicitation materials.
Proxies may be solicited personally, by mail or by telephone, or by our
directors, officers and regular employees who will not be additionally
compensated. We have no present plans to hire special employees or paid
solicitors to assist in obtaining proxies, but we reserve the option to do
so if
it appears that a quorum otherwise might not be obtained. The matters to be
considered and acted upon at the 2006 annual meeting are referred to in the
preceding notice and are discussed below more fully.
Share
Exchange Transaction
On
March 23, 2005, we completed a share exchange transaction (the “Share
Exchange Transaction”) with the shareholders of Pacific Ethanol California, Inc.
(“PEI California”) and the holders of the membership interests of each of
Kinergy Marketing, LLC (“Kinergy”) and ReEnergy, LLC (“ReEnergy”), pursuant to
which we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock
of
PEI California and all of the outstanding membership interests of each of
Kinergy and ReEnergy. Immediately prior to the consummation of the share
exchange, our predecessor, Accessity Corp. (“Accessity”), reincorporated in the
State of Delaware under the name “Pacific Ethanol, Inc.” through a merger of
Accessity with and into its then-wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary named Pacific
Ethanol, Inc., which was formed for the purpose of effecting the
reincorporation. We are the surviving entity resulting from the reincorporation
merger and Kinergy, PEI California and ReEnergy are three of our wholly-owned
subsidiaries.
In
connection with the Share Exchange Transaction, we issued an aggregate of
20,610,987 shares of common stock to the shareholders of PEI California,
3,875,000 shares of common stock to the limited liability company member of
Kinergy and an aggregate of 125,000 shares of common stock to the limited
liability company members of ReEnergy. In addition, holders of options and
warrants to acquire an aggregate of 3,157,587 shares of common stock of PEI
California were, following the consummation of the Share Exchange Transaction,
deemed to hold warrants to acquire an equal number of our shares of common
stock. Also, a holder of a promissory note, a portion of which was convertible
into an aggregate of 664,879 shares of common stock of PEI California was,
following the consummation of the Share Exchange Transaction, entitled to
convert the note into an equal number of shares of our common
stock.
A
change
in control of Accessity occurred in connection with the Share Exchange
Transaction. The persons who acquired control were, collectively, the former
shareholders of PEI California and the former members of Kinergy and ReEnergy
who, in connection with the Share Exchange Transaction, exchanged their shares
and equity interests in such entities for shares of common stock of Pacific
Ethanol, Inc. However, to the knowledge of Pacific Ethanol, Inc., no person
or
group of persons, as such terms are used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is in control of Pacific
Ethanol, Inc.
Upon
consummation of the Share Exchange Transaction, we ceased all business
activities of Accessity and commenced operating the business of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc., which is comprised of the ethanol marketing business of Kinergy and the
construction of ethanol production facilities through PEI California, including
our first ethanol production facility currently under construction in Madera
County, California.
ELECTION
OF DIRECTORS
(Proposal
1)
Our
bylaws provide for seven directors unless otherwise changed by resolution of
our
Board. Directors are elected annually and hold office until the next annual
meeting of stockholders, until their respective successors are elected and
qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal. It is intended
that the proxies solicited by our Board will be voted “for” election of the
following seven nominees unless a contrary instruction is made on the proxy:
William L. Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Frank P. Greinke, Douglas L. Kieta, John
L.
Prince, Terry L. Stone and Robert P. Thomas. If, for any reason, one or more
of
the nominees is unavailable as a candidate for director, an event that is not
anticipated, the person named in the proxy will vote for another candidate
or
candidates nominated by our Nominating and Governance Committee. However, under
no circumstances may a proxy be voted in favor of a greater number of persons
than the number of nominees named above. As described above, the candidates
receiving the highest number of affirmative votes of the shares entitled to
be
voted for them, up to the number of directors to be elected by such shares,
are
elected. All of the nominees for director are, at present, directors of Pacific
Ethanol, Inc. and have been nominated by our Nominating and Governance
Committee.
We
are
obligated to cause each person serving from time to time as one of our executive
officers, directors or managers, or having such a position with any of our
subsidiaries, to execute a voting letter that grants an irrevocable proxy to
Cascade Investment, L.L.C., the holder of all of our issued and outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred Stock with respect to securities held by such
persons to vote to elect two persons to our Board. As of July 21, 2006, all
such
officers, directors and managers held an aggregate of 5,783,139 shares of our
common stock representing approximately 12% of all votes entitled to be cast
in
connection with the election of members of our Board. In April 2006, Cascade
Investment, L.L.C. identified Robert P. Thomas and Douglas L. Kieta as its
two
director designees, and our Board appointed Messrs. Thomas and Kieta as members
of our Board, in connection with the issuance of our Series A Preferred Stock.
Both Messrs. Thomas and Kieta have been nominated by our Nominating and
Governance Committee for election to our Board at the 2006 annual meeting and
we
expect that Cascade Investment, L.L.C. will utilize its proxy to vote in favor
of their election.
INFORMATION
ABOUT OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
BOARD
COMMITTEES AND RELATED MATTERS
The
current directors and executive officers of Pacific Ethanol, Inc., and the
director nominees, and their ages, positions, business experience and education
are as follows:
Name
|
Age
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Positions
Held
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William
L. Jones
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56
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Chairman
of the Board, Director and Director Nominee
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Neil
M. Koehler
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48
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Chief
Executive Officer, President, Director and Director
Nominee
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John
T. Miller
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60
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Chief
Operating Officer
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William
G. Langley
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56
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Chief
Financial Officer
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Christopher
W. Wright
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53
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Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary
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Frank
P. Greinke
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51
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Douglas
L. Kieta (1)
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63
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Director
and Director Nominee
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John
L. Prince (2)
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63
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Terry
L. Stone (3)
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57
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Director
and Director Nominee
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Robert
P. Thomas (4)
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28
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Director
and Director Nominee
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(1) |
Member
of the Nominating and Governance
Committee.
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(2) |
Member
of the Audit Committee.
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(3) |
Member
of the Audit, Nominating and Governance, and Compensation
Committees.
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(4) |
Member
of the Audit and Compensation
Committees.
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William
L. Jones
has
served as Chairman of the Board and as a director since March 2005. Mr. Jones
is
a co-founder of PEI California and served as Chairman of the Board of PEI
California since its formation in January 2003 through March 2004, when he
stepped off the board of PEI California to focus on his candidacy for one of
California’s United States Senate seats. Mr. Jones was California’s Secretary of
State from 1995 to 2003. Since May 2002, Mr. Jones has also been the owner
of
Tri-J Land & Cattle, a diversified farming and cattle company in Fresno
County, California. Mr. Jones has a B.A. degree in Agribusiness and Plant
Sciences from California State University, Fresno.
Neil
M. Koehler
has
served as Chief Executive Officer, President and as a director since March
2005.
Mr. Koehler served as Chief Executive Officer of PEI California since its
formation in January 2003 and as Chairman of its board of directors since March
2004. Prior to his association with PEI California, Mr. Koehler was the
co-founder and General Manager of Parallel Products, one of the first ethanol
production facilities in California (and one of only two currently existing
ethanol production facilities in California), which was sold to a public company
in 1997. Mr. Koehler was also the sole manager and sole limited liability
company member of Kinergy, which he founded in September 2000. Mr. Koehler
has over 20 years of experience in the ethanol production, sales and marketing
industry in the Western United States. Mr. Koehler is the Director of the
California Renewable Fuels Partnership and a speaker on the issue of renewable
fuels and ethanol production in California. Mr. Koehler has a B.A. degree
in Government, from Pomona College.
John
T. Miller
has
served as Chief Operating Officer since June 2006. Mr. Miller was employed
at
Calpine Corporation beginning in 2001 and served as a Senior Vice President
from
2002 to 2006. At Calpine, Mr. Miller held several roles including managing
the
build-out of power projects, overseeing human resources and safety programs
and
leading Calpine’s strategy to centralize its power plant and corporate
activities. Prior to his tenure at Calpine, Mr. Miller served from 1998 to
2001
as Vice President of Thermo Ecotek, a subsidiary of Thermo Electron, and as
President of Thermo Ecotek’s Power Resources Division. Mr. Miller directed
Thermo Electron’s expansion of its independent power business in the United
States, Germany and the Czech Republic. He also represented Thermo Electron
in
managing the sale of the Power Resources Division to AES Corporation. Mr. Miller
also served from 1994 to 1998 as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Pacific Generation Company, a subsidiary of PacifiCorp. Prior to that time,
Mr.
Miller served from 1990 to 1994 as Pacific Generation Company’s Vice President
of Business Development and from 1987 to 1990 as its Vice President of
Operations. In 1995, Mr. Miller completed Harvard University’s Managing Global
Opportunities, an executive education program. Mr. Miller has a B.S. degree
in
Mechanical Engineering from Oregon State University and an M.B.A. degree from
the University of Portland. Mr. Miller served in the United States Navy from
1967 to 1971 as a Communications Technician.
William
G. Langley
has
served as Chief Financial Officer since April 2005. Mr. Langley has been a
partner in Tatum CFO Partners, LLP (“Tatum”), a national partnership of more
than 350 professional highly-experienced chief financial officers, since
November 2002. During this time, Mr. Langley has acted as the full-time Chief
Financial Officer for Ensequence, Inc., an inter-active television software
company, Norton Motorsports, Inc., a motorcycle manufacturing and marketing
company and Auctionpay, Inc., a software and fundraising management company.
From 2001 to 2002, Mr. Langley served as the President, Chief Financial Officer
and Chief Operating Officer for Laservia Company, which specializes in advanced
laser system technology. From 2000 to 2001, Mr. Langley acted as the Chief
Financial Officer of Rulespace, Inc., a developer of artificial intelligence
software. Mr. Langley has prior public company experience, is licensed both
as
an attorney and C.P.A. and will remain a partner in Tatum during his employment
with Pacific Ethanol. Mr. Langley has a B.A. degree in accounting and political
science from Albertson College, a J.D. degree from Lewis & Clark School
of Law and an LL.M. degree from the New York University School of
Law.
Christopher
W. Wright
has
served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since June 2006. Mr.
Wright has over 24 years of experience as a lawyer, including over 18 years
as a
partner in national or major regional law firms. From April 2004 until he joined
Pacific Ethanol in June 2006, Mr. Wright operated an independent consulting
practice, advising companies on complex transactions, including acquisitions
and
financings. Prior to that time, from January 2003 to April 2004, Mr. Wright
was
a partner with Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe, LLP, and from July 1998 to
December 2002, Mr. Wright was a partner with Cooley Godward LLP, where he served
as Partner-in-charge of the Pacific Northwest office. Mr. Wright has extensive
experience advising boards of directors on compliance, securities matters and
strategic transactions, with a particular focus on guiding the development
of
rapidly growing companies. He has acted as general counsel for numerous
technology enterprises in all aspects of corporate development, including
fund-raising, business and technology acquisitions, mergers and strategic
alliances. Mr. Wright holds an A.B. in History from Yale College and a J.D.
from
the University of Chicago Law School.
Frank
P. Greinke
has
served as a director since March 2005. Mr. Greinke served as a director of
PEI
California commencing in October 2003. Mr. Greinke is currently, and has
been for at least the past five years, the CEO and sole owner of Southern
Counties Oil Co., a petroleum distribution group. Mr. Greinke is also a
director of the Society of Independent Gasoline Marketers of America, the
Chairman of the Southern California Chapter of the Young Presidents Organization
and serves on the Board of Directors of The Bank of Hemet and on the Advisory
Board of Solis Capital Partners, Inc.
Douglas
L. Kieta has
served as a director since April 2006. From April 1999 to April 2006, Mr. Kieta
was employed at Calpine Corporation. At the time of his retirement in April
2006, Mr. Kieta was the Senior Vice President of Construction and Engineering
with Calpine Corporation. Calpine Corporation is a major North American power
company which leases and operates integrated systems of fuel-efficient natural
gas-fired and renewable geothermal power plants and delivers clean, reliable
and
fuel-efficient electricity to customers and communities in 21 U.S. states and
three Canadian provinces. Mr. Kieta has a B.S. degree in civil engineering
from
Clarkson University and a master’s degree in civil engineering from Cornell
University.
John
L. Prince
has
served as a director since July 2005. Mr. Prince is retired but also works
as a
consultant to Land O’ Lakes, Inc. and other companies. Mr. Prince was an
Executive Vice President with Land O’ Lakes, Inc. from July 1998 until his
retirement in 2004. Prior to that time, Mr. Prince was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Dairyman’s Cooperative Creamery Association, or the DCCA,
located in Tulare, California, until its merger with Land O’ Lakes, Inc. in July
1998. Land O’ Lakes, Inc. is a farmer-owned, national branded organization based
in Minnesota with annual sales in excess of $6 billion and membership and
operations in over 30 states. Prior to joining the DCCA, Mr. Prince was
President and Chief Executive Officer for nine years until 1994, and was
Operations Manager for the preceding ten years commencing in 1975, of the Alto
Dairy Cooperative in Waupun, Wisconsin. Mr. Prince has a B.A. degree in Business
Administration from the University of Northern Iowa.
Terry
L. Stone
has
served as a director since March 2005. Mr. Stone is a Certified Public
Accountant with over thirty years of experience in accounting and taxation.
He
has been the owner of his own accountancy firm since 1990 and has provided
accounting and taxation services to a wide range of industries, including
agriculture, manufacturing, retail, equipment leasing, professionals and
not-for-profit organizations. Mr. Stone has served as a part-time instructor
at
California State University, Fresno teaching classes in taxation, auditing,
and
financial and management accounting. Mr. Stone is also a financial advisor
and
franchisee of Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc. Mr. Stone has a B.S. in
Accounting from California State University, Fresno.
Robert
P. Thomas has
served as a director since April 2006. Since July 1999, Mr. Thomas has held
various positions and is currently a portfolio manager with the William H.
Gates III investment group which oversees Mr. Gates’ personal investments
through Cascade Investment, L.L.C. and the investment assets of the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation. Mr. Thomas is a graduate of Claremont McKenna
College.
Our
officers are appointed by and serve at the discretion of our Board. There are
no
family relationships among our executive officers and directors.
Board
of Directors and Committees
Our
business, property and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board.
Our
directors are kept informed of our business through discussions with our
executive officers, by reviewing materials provided to them and by participating
in meetings of our Board and its committees. During 2005, our Board held 9
meetings, and on 11 occasions approved resolutions by unanimous written consent
in lieu of a meeting.
Our
Board
currently has an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating
and
Governance Committee. Our Board has determined that Terry L. Stone, John L.
Prince, Douglas L. Kieta and Robert P. Thomas, each of whom is a member of
one or more of these committees, are “independent” as defined in both Item
7(d)(3)(iv) of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act and NASD Marketplace Rule
4200(a)(15), and that Messrs. Stone, Thomas and Prince meet the other criteria
contained in NASD Marketplace Rule 4350 relating to Audit Committee
members.
Audit
Committee.
Our
Audit Committee selects our independent auditors, reviews the results and scope
of the audit and other services provided by our independent auditors, and
reviews our financial statements for each interim period and for our year end.
From March 23, 2005 to April 13, 2006, this committee consisted of
Terry L. Stone, John L. Prince and Kenneth J. Friedman.
Concurrent with Mr. Friedman’s resignation from our Board on April 13,
2006, Mr. Thomas was appointed as a member of our Audit Committee. Our
Board has determined that Mr. Stone is an “audit committee financial
expert.” Our Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved by our
Board and our Audit Committee, according to the rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). A copy of the charter of
our Audit Committee was attached as Appendix C to our Proxy Statement for
our 2005 annual meeting. During 2005, our Audit Committee held four
meetings.
Compensation
Committee.
Our
Compensation Committee is responsible for establishing and administering our
policies involving the compensation of all of our executive officers and
establishing and recommending to our Board the terms and conditions of all
employee and consultant compensation and benefit plans. Our entire Board also
may perform these functions with respect to our employee stock option plans.
From March 23, 2005 to April 13, 2006, this committee consisted of Messrs.
Stone and Friedman. Concurrent with Mr. Friedman’s resignation from our
Board on April 13, 2006, Mr. Thomas was appointed as a member and as
chairman of our Compensation Committee. Our Compensation Committee operates
pursuant to a charter approved by our Board and our Compensation Committee.
A
copy of the charter of our Compensation Committee was attached as
Appendix D to our Proxy Statement for our 2005 annual meeting. During 2005,
our Compensation Committee held three meetings, and on three occasions approved
resolutions by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting.
Nominating
and Governance Committee.
Our
Nominating and Governance Committee selects nominees for our Board. From March
23, 2005 to April 13, 2006, our Nominating and Governance Committee has
consisted of Messrs. Stone and Friedman. Concurrent with Mr. Friedman’s
resignation from our Board on April 13, 2006, Mr. Kieta was appointed
a member of our Nominating and Governance Committee. Our Nominating and
Governance Committee utilizes a variety of methods for identifying and
evaluating nominees for director. Candidates may also come to the attention
of
the Nominating and Governance Committee through current Board members,
professional search firms and other persons. In evaluating potential candidates,
our Nominating and Governance Committee will take into account a number of
factors, including, among others, the following:
|
·
|
the
candidate’s independence from
management;
|
|
·
|
whether
the candidate has relevant business
experience;
|
|
·
|
judgment,
skill, integrity and reputation;
|
|
·
|
existing
commitments to other businesses;
|
|
·
|
corporate
governance background;
|
|
·
|
financial
and accounting background, to enable the committee to determine whether
the candidate would be suitable for Audit Committee membership;
and
|
|
·
|
the
size and composition of our Board.
|
Our
Nominating and Governance Committee operates pursuant to a charter approved
by
our Board and our Nominating and Governance Committee. A copy of the charter
of
our Nominating and Governance Committee was attached as Appendix E to our
Proxy Statement for our 2005 annual meeting. The director nominees named in
our
proxy card for our 2006 annual meeting were selected by our Nominating and
Governance Committee and ratified by our full Board. Our Nominating and
Governance Committee does not, at this time, consider candidates for
directorship recommended by our stockholders. During 2005, our Nominating and
Governance Committee held one meeting, and on one occasion approved resolutions
by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting.
During
the period commencing on March 23, 2005, the closing of the Share Exchange
Transaction, and ending on December 31, 2005, all directors, other than Messrs.
Kieta and Thomas who were appointed as members of our Board on April 13, 2006,
attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the meetings of our Board and of
the
committees on which they served, or that were held during the period they were
directors or committee members.
Codes
of Ethics
Our
Board
has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our
directors, officers and employees and an additional Code of Business Ethics
that
applies to our Chief Executive Officer and senior financial
officers.
We
intend
to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K relating
to
amendments to or waivers from provisions of these codes that relate to one
or
more of the items set forth in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K, by describing
on
our Internet website, located at http://www.pacificethanol.net,
within
four business days following the date of a waiver or a substantive amendment,
the date of the waiver or amendment, the nature of the amendment or waiver,
and
the name of the person to whom the waiver was granted.
Information
on our Internet website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this
Proxy Statement or incorporated into any other filings we make with the
Commission.
Stockholder
Communications with our Board of Directors
Our
Board
has implemented a process by which stockholders may send written communications
directly to the attention of our Board or any individual member of our Board.
Terry L. Stone, the Chairman of our Audit Committee, is responsible for
monitoring communications from stockholders and providing copies of such
communications to the other directors as he considers appropriate.
Communications will be forwarded to all directors if they relate to substantive
matters and include suggestions or comments that Mr. Stone considers to be
important for the directors to consider. Stockholders who wish to communicate
with our Board can write to Terry L. Stone, The Board of Directors, Pacific
Ethanol, Inc., 5711 N. West Avenue, Fresno, California 93711.
Policy
With Regard to Board Members’ Attendance at Annual
Meetings
It
is our
policy to invite and encourage our directors to attend our annual meetings.
At
the date of our 2005 annual meeting, we had seven members on our Board, three
of
whom, namely, Messrs. Jones, Koehler and Stone were in attendance at our 2005
annual meeting.
Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
No
member
of our Board has a relationship that would constitute an interlocking
relationship with executive officers and directors of another
entity.
Compensation
of Directors
The
Chairman of our Board receives annual compensation of $80,000. Each member
of
our Board, including the Chairman, receives $1,500 for each Board meeting
attended, whether attended in person or telephonically. The Chairman of our
Audit Committee receives an additional $3,500 per quarter. In addition,
non-employee directors are reimbursed for certain reasonable and documented
expenses in connection with attendance at meetings of our Board and its
committees.
EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION AND RELATED INFORMATION
Compensation
of Executive Officers
The
following table shows for the period commencing on the closing of the Share
Exchange Transaction on March 23, 2005 through December 31, 2005,
compensation awarded or paid to, or earned by, our current Chief Executive
Officer and each of our other most highly compensated executive officers who
earned more than $100,000 in salary during that period, or the Named Executive
Officers. Mr. Siegel resigned his positions in connection with the Share
Exchange Transaction that was consummated on March 23, 2005. Information for
Mr.
Siegel is provided for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 and the
period from January 1, 2005 through March 23, 2005. Mr. Turner
resigned his positions on April 19, 2006.
Summary
Compensation Table
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-Term
Compensation
|
|
|
Annual
Compensation
|
Awards
|
Name
and Principal Position
|
Year
|
Salary
($)
|
|
Bonus
($)
|
Restricted
Stock
Awards
($)
|
|
Securities
Underlying
Options/
SARs
(#)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Neil
M. Koehler
President
and Chief Executive Officer
|
2005
|
154,615
|
(1) |
|
300,000
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ryan
W. Turner
Former
Chief Operating Officer and Secretary
|
2005
|
109,135
|
(1) |
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
William
G. Langley
Chief
Financial Officer
|
2005
|
149,375
|
(1) |
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
425,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barry Siegel |
2005
|
67,397
|
(1) |
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
|
—
|
|
Former
Chairman of the Board,
|
2004
|
300,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
President
and Chief Executive Officer
|
2003
|
300,000
|
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
(1)
|
Messrs.
Koehler, Turner and Langley each became executive officers, and Mr.
Siegel
ceased to be an executive officer, of Pacific Ethanol on March 23,
2005.
Mr. Turner ceased to be an executive officer on April 19,
2006.
|
(2)
|
On
March 23, 2005, we issued 400,000 shares of common stock to Mr. Siegel
in
connection with his execution of a Confidentiality, Non-Competition,
Non-Solicitation and Consulting Agreement dated March 23, 2005. These
shares vested immediately and were not subject to forfeiture. Mr.
Siegel
was eligible to receive dividends on these shares. As of December
31,
2005, Mr. Siegel held none of these
shares.
|
Option
Grants In Last Fiscal Year
The
following table provides information regarding options granted in 2005 to the
Named Executive Officers. We have never granted any stock appreciation
rights.
Named
Officer
|
|
|
Grant
Date
|
|
|
Number
of
Securities
Underlying
Options
Granted(1)
|
|
|
Percentage
of
Total
Options
Granted
to
Employees
in
Fiscal
Year(2)
|
|
|
Exercise
Price
Per
Share
|
|
|
Expiration
Date
|
|
Potential
Realizable
Value
at
Assumed Rates
of
Stock Price
Appreciation
for
Option
Term(3)
5%
10%
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Ryan
W. Turner
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
William
G. Langley
|
|
|
8/10/05
|
|
|
425,000
|
|
|
70.5%
|
|
|
|
|
|
8/10/15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barry
Siegel
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
(1)
|
Option
vested as to 20% of the shares on the date of grant and will vest
as to
20% of the shares on each of the first, second, third and fourth
anniversaries of the date of grant.
|
(2)
|
Based
on options to purchase 602,500 shares granted to our employees during
2005.
|
(3)
|
Calculated
using the potential realizable value of each
grant.
|
Aggregated
Option/SAR Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and FY-End Option/SAR
Values
The
following table provides information regarding the number of shares of our
common stock underlying exercisable and unexercisable in-the-money stock options
held by the Named Executive Officers and the values of those options at fiscal
year-end. An option is “in-the-money” if the fair market value for the
underlying securities exceeds the exercise price of the option. The Named
Executive Officers did not hold any stock appreciation rights.
Name
|
|
Shares
Acquired
on
Exercise
(#)
|
|
Value
Realized
($)
|
|
Number
of Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options/SARs
at FY-End (#)
Exercisable/Unexercisable
|
|
Value
of Unexercised
In-the-Money
Options/SARs
at
FY-End ($)
Exercisable/Unexercisable(1)
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
Ryan
W. Turner
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
William
G. Langley
|
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
85,000/340,000
|
|
237,150/948,600
|
Barry
Siegel
|
|
116,667(2)
|
|
472,668
|
|
0/0
|
|
—
|
(1)
|
Based
on the $10.82 closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National
Market on December 30, 2005, the last trading day of fiscal 2005,
less the
exercise price of the options.
|
(2)
|
Mr.
Siegel tendered 76,712 shares of our common stock in connection with
a
cashless exercise of this option.
|
Equity
Compensation Plan Information
The
following table provides information about our common stock that may be issued
upon the exercise of options, warrants, and rights under all of our existing
equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2005.
Plan
Category
|
|
Number
of
Securities
to be
Issued
Upon Exercise of Outstanding,
Options,
Warrants
or
Stock Rights
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights
|
|
Number
of
Securities
Remaining Available
for
Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation
Plans
|
Equity
Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1995
Plan
|
|
377,667
|
|
$5.53
|
|
822,333
|
2004
Plan
|
|
822,500
|
|
$7.78
|
|
1,677,500
|
Stock
Option Plans
We
currently have two stock option plans governing outstanding options: an Amended
1995 Incentive Stock Plan and a 2004 Stock Option Plan. These plans are
administered by our Compensation Committee, which currently consists of Messrs.
Stone and Thomas.
On
July
19, 2006, our Board terminated our Amended 1995 Incentive Stock Plan, except
to
the extent of options to purchase up to 76,000 shares of our common stock
outstanding as July 21, 2006. We will, therefore, not issue any additional
options to purchase shares of our common stock under the Amended 1995 Incentive
Stock Plan. On July 19, 2006, subject to the ratification and approval by our
stockholders of the 2006 Plan, our Board also terminated our 2004 Stock Option
Plan, except to the extent of options to purchase up to 665,000 shares of our
common stock outstanding as of July 21, 2006. As of July 21, 2006, an
aggregate of 1,705,500 shares remained available for grants under the 2004
Stock
Option Plan, but we will not issue any additional options to purchase shares
of
our common stock under this plan following the ratification and approval by
our
stockholders of our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan.
The
2004
Stock Option Plan authorizes the issuance of ISOs and NQOs to our officers,
directors or key employees or to consultants that do business with Pacific
Ethanol for up to an aggregate of 2,500,000 shares of common stock. Our Board’s
adoption of the 2004 Stock Option Plan was ratified by our stockholders at
our
2004 annual meeting of stockholders that was initially convened on December
28,
2004, adjourned to February 1, 2004 and further adjourned to and completed
on February 28, 2005. The 2004 Stock Option Plan was amended on January 24,
2006 and further amended on April 12, 2006.
The
following is a description of some of the key terms of the 2004 Stock Option
Plan.
Shares
Subject to the 2004 Stock Option Plan
A
total
of 2,500,000 shares of our common stock are authorized for issuance under the
2004 Stock Option Plan. Any shares of common stock that are subject to an award
but are not used because the terms and conditions of the award are not met,
or
any shares that are used by participants to pay all or part of the purchase
price of any option, may again be used for awards under the 2004 Stock Option
Plan.
Administration
It
is the
intent of the 2004 Stock Option Plan that it be administered in a manner such
that option grants and exercises would be “exempt” under Rule 16b-3 of the
Exchange Act. The Compensation Committee is empowered to select those eligible
persons to whom options shall be granted under the 2004 Stock Option Plan;
to
determine the time or times at which each option shall be granted, whether
options will be ISOs or NQOs and the number of shares to be subject to each
option; and to fix the time and manner in which each option may be exercised,
including the exercise price and option period, and other terms and conditions
of options, all subject to the terms and conditions of the 2004 Stock Option
Plan. The Compensation Committee has sole discretion to interpret and administer
the 2004 Stock Option Plan, and its decisions regarding the 2004 Stock Option
Plan are final, except that our Board can act in place of the Compensation
Committee as the administrator of the 2004 Stock Option Plan at any time or
from
time to time, in its discretion.
Option
Terms
ISOs
granted under the 2004 Stock Option Plan must have an exercise price of not
less
than 100% of the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date the
ISO is granted and must be exercised, if at all, within ten years from the
date
of grant. In the case of an ISO granted to an optionee who owns more than 10%
of
the total voting securities of Pacific Ethanol on the date of grant, the
exercise price may be not less than 110% of fair market value on the date of
grant, and the option period may not exceed five years. NQOs granted under
the
2004 Stock Option Plan must have an exercise price of not less than 85% of
the
fair market value of a share of common stock on the date the NQO is
granted.
Options
may be exercised during a period of time fixed by the committee except that
no
option may be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant. In the
discretion of the committee, payment of the purchase price for the shares of
stock acquired through the exercise of an option may be made in cash, shares
of
our common stock, a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, through
net exercise or a combination of cash and net exercise.
Amendment
and Termination
The
2004
Stock Option Plan may be wholly or partially amended or otherwise modified,
suspended or terminated at any time and from time to time by our Board. However,
our Board may not materially impair any outstanding options without the express
consent of the optionee or materially increase the number of shares subject
to
the 2004 Stock Option Plan, materially increase the benefits to optionees under
the 2004 Stock Option Plan, materially modify the requirements as to eligibility
to participate in the 2004 Stock Option Plan or alter the method of determining
the option exercise price without stockholder approval. No option may be granted
under the 2004 Stock Option Plan after November 4, 2014.
Federal
Income Tax Consequences
NQOs.
Holders
of NQOs do not realize income as a result of a grant or vesting of an option
in
the event that the stock option is granted at an exercise price at or above
the
fair market value of the underlying shares of our stock on the date of grant,
but realize compensation income upon exercise of an NQO to the extent that
the
fair market value of the shares of common stock on the date of exercise of
the
NQO exceeds the exercise price paid. We will be required to withhold taxes
on
ordinary income realized by an optionee upon the exercise of an
NQO.
In
the
event of the grant of an NQO with a per share exercise price that is less than
the fair market value per share of our underlying common stock on the date
of
grant, the grant is treated as deferred compensation. Except in certain limited
circumstances, such a grant results in ordinary income, to the same extent
applicable to an option grant with an exercise price at or above fair market
value, realized by the optionee at vesting of the option, as opposed to upon
its
exercise, plus as an additional tax of 20% payable by the optionee.
In
the
case of an optionee subject to the “short-swing” profit recapture provisions of
Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, the optionee realizes income only upon the
lapse of the six-month period under Section 16(b), unless the optionee elects
to
recognize income immediately upon exercise of his or her option.
ISOs.
Holders
of ISOs will not be considered to have received taxable income upon either
the
grant of the option or its exercise. Upon the sale or other taxable disposition
of the shares, long-term capital gain will normally be recognized on the full
amount of the difference between the amount realized and the option exercise
price paid if no disposition of the shares has taken place within either two
years from the date of grant of the option or one year from the date of transfer
of the shares to the optionee upon exercise. If the shares are sold or otherwise
disposed of before the end of the one-year or two-year periods, the holder
of
the ISO must include the gain realized as ordinary income to the extent of
the
lesser of the fair market value of the option stock minus the option price,
or
the amount realized minus the option price. Any gain in excess of these amounts,
presumably, will be treated as capital gain. We will be entitled to a tax
deduction in regard to an ISO only to the extent the optionee has ordinary
income upon the sale or other disposition of the option shares.
Upon
the
exercise of an ISO, the amount by which the fair market value of the purchased
shares at the time of exercise exceeds the option price will be an “item of tax
preference” for purposes of computing the optionee’s alternative minimum tax for
the year of exercise. If the shares so acquired are disposed of prior to the
expiration of the one-year or two-year periods described above, there should
be
no “item of tax preference” arising from the option exercise.
Possible
Anti-Takeover Effects
Although
not intended as an anti-takeover measure by our Board, one of the possible
effects of the 2004 Stock Option Plan could be to place additional shares,
and
to increase the percentage of the total number of shares outstanding, in the
hands of the directors and officers of Pacific Ethanol. Those persons may be
viewed as part of, or friendly to, incumbent management and may, therefore,
under some circumstances be expected to make investment and voting decisions
in
response to a hostile takeover attempt that may serve to discourage or render
more difficult the accomplishment of the attempt.
In
addition, options may, in the discretion of the committee, contain a provision
providing for the acceleration of the exercisability of outstanding, but
unexercisable, installments upon the first public announcement of a tender
offer, merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets,
or
other attempted changes in the control of Pacific Ethanol. In the opinion of
our
Board, this acceleration provision merely ensures that optionees under the
2004
Stock Option Plan will be able to exercise their options as intended by our
Board and stockholders prior to any extraordinary corporate transaction which
might serve to limit or restrict that right. However, our Board is presently
unaware of any threat of hostile takeover involving Pacific
Ethanol.
Long-Term
Incentive Plan Awards
In
2005,
no awards were given to the Named Executive Officers under long-term incentive
plans.
Report
on Repricing of Options and SARs
No
adjustments to or amendments of the exercise price of stock options or stock
appreciation rights previously awarded to the Named Executive Officers occurred
in 2005.
Employment
Contracts and Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control
Arrangements
Executive
Employment Agreements dated March 23, 2005 with each of Neil M. Koehler and
Ryan
W. Turner
On
April
19, 2006, Ryan W. Turner resigned from all positions with Pacific Ethanol and
all of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, including as Chief Operating
Officer and Secretary of Pacific Ethanol. Mr. Turner’s Executive Employment
Agreement, described below as of December 31, 2005, the end of our most
recently-completed fiscal year, was terminated on that date.
The
Executive Employment Agreement with Neil M. Koehler provides for a three-year
term and automatic one-year renewals thereafter, unless either the employee
or
Pacific Ethanol provides written notice to the other at least 90 days prior
to
the expiration of the then-current term. The Executive Employment Agreement
with
Ryan W. Turner provided for a one-year term and automatic one-year renewals
thereafter, unless either the employee or Pacific Ethanol provided written
notice to the other at least 90 days prior to the expiration of the then-current
term.
Mr.
Koehler is to receive a base salary of $200,000 per year and is entitled to
receive a cash bonus not to exceed 50% of his base salary to be paid based
upon
performance criteria set by the Board on an annual basis and an additional
cash
bonus not to exceed 50% of the net free cash flow (defined as revenues of
Kinergy, less his salary and performance bonus, less capital expenditures and
all expenses incurred specific to Kinergy), subject to a maximum of $300,000
in
any given year; provided that such bonus will be reduced by ten percentage
points each year, such that 2009 will be the final year of such bonus at 10%
of
net free cash flow.
Mr.
Turner was initially to receive a base salary of $125,000 per year and was
entitled to receive a cash bonus not to exceed 50% of his base salary to be
paid
based upon performance criteria set by the Board on an annual basis. Effective
as of October 1, 2005, our Compensation Committee increased Mr. Turner’s base
salary to $175,000 per year.
We
are
also required to provide an office and administrative support to each of
Messrs. Koehler and Turner and certain benefits, including medical
insurance (or, if inadequate due to location of permanent residence,
reimbursement of up to $1,000 per month for obtaining health insurance
coverage), three weeks of paid vacation per year, participation in the stock
option plan to be developed in relative proportion to the position in the
organization, and participation in benefit plans on the same basis and to the
same extent as other executives or employees.
Each
of
Messrs. Koehler and Turner are also entitled to reimbursement for all
reasonable business expenses incurred in promoting or on behalf of the business
of Pacific Ethanol, including expenditures for entertainment, gifts and travel.
Upon termination or resignation for “good reason,” the terminated employee is
entitled to receive severance equal to three months of base salary during the
first year after termination or resignation and six months of base salary during
the second year after termination unless he is terminated for cause or
voluntarily terminates his employment without providing the required written
notice. If the employee is terminated (other than for cause) or terminates
for
good reason following, or within the 90 days preceding, any change in control,
in lieu of further salary payments to the employee, we may elect to pay a lump
sum severance payment equal to the amount of his annual base
salary.
The
term
“for good reason” is defined in each of the Executive Employment Agreements as
(i) a general assignment by us for the benefit of creditors or filing by us
of a
voluntary bankruptcy petition or the filing against us of any involuntary
bankruptcy which remains undismissed for 30 days or more or if a trustee,
receiver or liquidator is appointed, (ii) any material changes in the employee’s
titles, duties or responsibilities without his express written consent, or
(iii)
the employee is not paid the compensation and benefits required under the
Executive Employment Agreement.
The
term
“for cause” is defined in each of the Executive Employment Agreements as
(i) any intentional misapplication by the employee of Pacific Ethanol funds
or other material assets, or any other act of dishonesty injurious to Pacific
Ethanol committed by the employee; or (ii) the employee’s conviction of (a)
a felony or (b) a crime involving moral turpitude; or (iii) the employee’s use
or possession of any controlled substance or chronic abuse of alcoholic
beverages, which use or possession our Board reasonably determines renders
the
employee unfit to serve in his capacity as a senior executive of Pacific
Ethanol; or (iv) the employee’s breach, nonperformance or nonobservance of any
of the terms of his Executive Employment Agreement with us, including but not
limited to the employee’s failure to adequately perform his duties or comply
with the reasonable directions of our Board. However, we may not terminate
the
employee unless our Board first provides the employee with a written memorandum
describing in detail how his performance is not satisfactory and the employee
is
given a reasonable period of time (not less than 30 days) to remedy the
unsatisfactory performance related by our Board to the employee in that
memorandum. A determination of whether the employee has satisfactorily remedied
the unsatisfactory performance shall be promptly made by a majority of the
disinterested directors of our Board (or our entire Board, but not including
the
employee, if there are no disinterested directors) at the end of the period
provided to the employee for remedy, and our Board’s determination shall be
final.
A
“change
in control” of Pacific Ethanol is deemed to have occurred if, in a single
transaction or series of related transactions: (i) any person (as such term
is
used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act, other than a trustee or
fiduciary holding securities under an employment benefit program is or becomes
a
“beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or
indirectly of securities of Pacific Ethanol representing 51% or more of the
combined voting power of Pacific Ethanol, (ii) there is a merger (other than
a
reincorporation merger) or consolidation in which Pacific Ethanol does not
survive as an independent company, or (iii) the business of Pacific Ethanol
is
disposed of pursuant to a sale of assets.
Executive
Employment Agreement dated August 10, 2005 with William G.
Langley
The
Executive Employment Agreement with William G. Langley provides for a four-year
term and automatic one-year renewals thereafter, unless either the employee
or
Pacific Ethanol provides written notice to the other at least 90 days prior
to
the expiration of the then-current term. Mr. Langley is to receive a base salary
of $185,000 per year. All other terms and conditions of Mr. Langley’s Executive
Employment Agreement are substantially the same as those contained in Mr.
Turner’s Executive Employment Agreement, except that Mr. Langley is entitled to
six months of severance pay during the entire term of his agreement and is
also
entitled to reimbursement of his costs associated with his relocation to Fresno,
California.
Indemnification
of Directors and Officers
Section
145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify
its directors and officers against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid
in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with a pending
or
completed action, suit or proceeding if the officer or director acted in good
faith and in a manner the officer or director reasonably believed to be in
the
best interests of the corporation.
Our
certificate of incorporation provides that, except in certain specified
instances, our directors shall not be personally liable to us or our
stockholders for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as
directors, except liability for the following:
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·
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any
breach of their duty of loyalty to our company or our
stockholders;
|
|
· |
acts
or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct
or
a knowing violation of law;
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|
· |
unlawful
payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions
as
provided in Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law;
and
|
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· |
any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit.
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In
addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws obligate us to indemnify
our directors and officers against expenses and other amounts reasonably
incurred in connection with any proceeding arising from the fact that such
person is or was an agent of ours. Our bylaws also authorize us to purchase
and
maintain insurance on behalf of any of our directors or officers against any
liability asserted against that person in that capacity, whether or not we
would
have the power to indemnify that person under the provisions of the Delaware
General Corporation Law. We have entered and expect to continue to enter into
agreements to indemnify our directors and officers as determined by our Board.
These agreements provide for indemnification of related expenses including
attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any of
these individuals in any action or proceeding. We believe that these bylaw
provisions and indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain
qualified persons as directors and officers. We also maintain directors’ and
officers’ liability insurance.
The
limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our certificate of
incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit
against our directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. They may also reduce
the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and officers,
even
though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders.
Furthermore, a stockholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent
that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and
officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, there
is
no pending litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers
or
employees regarding which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware of
any
threatened litigation that may result in claims for
indemnification.
Insofar
as the provisions of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws provide for
indemnification of directors or officers for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), we have been informed
that in the opinion of the Commission this indemnification is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore
unenforceable.
SECTION
16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Section
16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers and directors, and
persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of our common
stock, to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership
with the Commission. These officers, directors and stockholders are required
by
the Commission regulations to furnish us with copies of all reports that they
file.
Based
solely upon a review of copies of the reports furnished to us during the year
ended December 31, 2005 and thereafter, or any written representations
received by us from directors, officers and beneficial owners of more than
10%
of our common stock (“reporting persons”) that no other reports were required,
we believe that, during 2005, except as set forth below, all Section 16(a)
filing requirements applicable to our reporting persons were met.
The
following individuals did not timely file the following numbers of Forms 4
to
report the following numbers of transactions: John Pimentel — 1 report, 1
transaction; William L. Jones — 2 reports, 2 transactions; Terry L. Stone — 1
report, 1 transaction; Kenneth J. Friedman — 1 report, 1 transaction; Frank P.
Greinke — 1 report, 1 transaction; John L. Prince — 1 report, 1 transaction;
Charles W. Bader — 1 report, 1 transaction; William G. Langley — 1 report, 1
transaction; Barry Siegel — 7 reports, 31 transactions; Philip Kart — 8 reports,
36 transactions.
The
following individuals did not timely file Forms 3 upon becoming directors or
executive officers of Pacific Ethanol: William L. Jones, John L. Prince, Charles
W. Bader and William G. Langley.
We
believe that each of the foregoing persons have prepared and filed all required
Forms 3 and 4 to report their respective transactions.
CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Transactions
between Accessity and its Related Parties prior to the Share Exchange
Transaction
We
were a
party to an Employment Agreement with Barry Siegel, our former Chairman of
the
Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, that commenced on January 1,
2002,
and initially expired on December 31, 2004 and which expiration date was
extended to December 31, 2007. Mr. Siegel’s annual salary was $300,000, and
was granted stock options, under our Amended 1995 Incentive Stock Plan, to
purchase 60,000 shares of our common stock, in addition to certain other
perquisites. The Employment Agreement provided that following a change of
control, which included the Share Exchange Transaction, we would be required
to
pay Mr. Siegel (i) a severance payment of 300% of his average annual salary
for the past five years, less $100, (ii) the cash value of his outstanding
but
unexercised stock options, and (iii) other perquisites should he be terminated
for various reasons specified in the agreement. The agreement specified that
in
no event would any severance payments exceed the amount we could deduct under
the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. In recognition of the sale of
one
of our divisions, Mr. Siegel was also awarded a $250,000 bonus, which was
paid in February 2002, and an additional grant of options to purchase 50,000
shares of our common stock. In connection with the Share Exchange Transaction
and the Confidentiality, Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation and Consulting
Agreement dated March 23, 2005 between us and Mr. Siegel, Mr. Siegel’s
Employment Agreement was terminated and he waived the payments that otherwise
would have been due to him under the change of control provisions of his
Employment Agreement.
We
were a
party to an Employment Agreement with Philip B. Kart, our former Senior Vice
President, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, that commenced
on
January 1, 2002, and initially expired on January 1, 2004 and which expiration
date, under the amendments referenced above, was extended first to December
31,
2004 and subsequently to December 31, 2005. Mr. Kart’s annual salary was
$155,000 per annum and he was granted stock options, under our Amended 1995
Incentive Stock Plan, providing the right to purchase 30,000 shares of the
our
common stock, in addition to certain other perquisites. The Employment Agreement
provided that following a change of control, which included the Share Exchange
Transaction, we would be required to pay Mr. Kart a severance payment of
100% of his annual salary. The Employment Agreement also provided that following
a change in control, all stock options previously granted to him would
immediately become fully exercisable. The amendment to the Employment Agreement
dated November 15, 2002 also provided for relocation expense payments that
were
conditioned upon Mr. Kart’s relocation to our former headquarters in Florida,
which occurred in early 2003. In connection with the Share Exchange Transaction
and the Confidentiality, Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation and Consulting
Agreement dated March 23, 2005 between us and Mr. Kart, Mr. Kart’s Employment
Agreement was terminated and he waived the payments that otherwise would have
been due to him under the change of control provisions of his Employment
Agreement.
Under
an
agreement with our formerly wholly-owned subsidiary, Sentaur Corp., we were
party to an employment agreement with Steven DeLisi that commenced on September
3, 2002 and expired on December 31, 2004. Mr. DeLisi’s annual salary was
$175,000 per annum and he was granted stock options under our 1995 Incentive
Stock Option Plan to purchase up to 50,000 shares of our common stock. Mr.
DeLisi also participated in a bonus program that provided a bonus of 50% of
his
salary upon the achievement of $25,000 in profits for three consecutive months.
During the first twelve months of his employment, Mr. DeLisi received an interim
bonus of $5,000 for each signed customer contract.
In
May
2002, we signed a five and a half year lease to occupy a 7,300 square foot
building in Coral Springs, Florida. We terminated this lease on January 14,
2005, and the building was sold, concurrently, by the landlord. This property
was owned and operated by B&B Lakeview Realty Corp., one shareholder of
which, Barry Siegel, our former Chairman of the Board, President and Chief
Executive Officer, another shareholder of which, Kenneth J. Friedman, was
formerly a member of our Board and another shareholder of which, Barry Spiegel,
was formerly a member of our Board. The terms of the lease required net rentals
increasing in annual amounts from $127,000 to $168,000 plus real estate taxes,
insurance and other operating expenses. The lease period commenced in October
2002 and was to terminate five years and six months thereafter. We and the
landlord each expended approximately $140,000 to complete the interior space.
In
addition, during July 2002, we pledged $300,000 in an interest bearing account
initially as a certificate of deposit, with a Florida bank (the mortgage lender
to B&B Lakeview Realty Corp.) as security for our future rental commitments
for the benefit of the landlord’s mortgage lender. The certificate of deposit
was to decline in $100,000 increments on the 36th month, 48th month, and 60th
month, as the balance of the rent commitment declined. These funds, along with
unpaid and earned interest, were returned to us in January 2005 upon the
consummation of the sale of the building. We also had a security deposit of
$22,000 held by the related party which was also repaid at that time. At our
request, the Landlord agreed to sell the building and permit us to terminate
this lease early, in exchange for our reimbursing the Landlord for the
prepayment penalty that the Landlord incurred due to the early pay off of its
mortgage loan. These fees paid to the Landlord equaled far less than our
liabilities pursuant to the lease. During 2004, we paid B&B Lakeview Realty
rent payments of $145,000. Operating expenses, insurance and taxes, as required
by the lease, were generally paid directly to the providers by us.
In
December 2004, we sold certain fully depreciated personal property assets,
which
we anticipated would be transferred to Mr. Siegel upon consummation of the
Share
Exchange Transaction. The proceeds, equal to approximately $14,000, were
advanced to Mr. Siegel in anticipation of the transaction being completed.
Upon
learning that this advance was prohibited under Section 402 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Mr. Siegel repaid the advance in February
2005.
Transactions
between our Now-Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries and their Related Parties prior to
the
Share Exchange Transaction
Please
note that the Certain Relationships and Related Transactions set forth below
are
with regard to PEI California, Kinergy and ReEnergy, which became our
wholly-owned subsidiaries in connection with the Share Exchange
Transaction.
Transactions
between PEI California and its Related Parties
Neil
M.
Koehler, our President and Chief Executive Officer and a director is also the
Chief Executive Officer of PEI California and was the sole manager and sole
limited liability company member of Kinergy and a limited liability company
member of Kinergy Resources, LLC, which was a member of ReEnergy.
Mr. Koehler did not receive compensation from PEI California.
Thomas
D.
Koehler, our Vice President, Public Policy and Markets, also held the same
position with PEI California and was a limited liability company member of
ReEnergy. Mr. Koehler is the brother of Neil M. Koehler and received
compensation from PEI California (through Celilo Group, LLC) as an independent
contractor.
PEI
California and ReEnergy are parties to an Option to Purchase Land dated August
28, 2003, pursuant to which ReEnergy has agreed to sell approximately 89 acres
of real property in Visalia to PEI California at a price of $12,000 per acre,
with respect to which real property ReEnergy has executed an Option Agreement
dated as of July 20, 2003 with Kent Kaulfuss, who was a limited liability
company member of ReEnergy, and his wife, which Option Agreement grants ReEnergy
an option to purchase such real property for a purchase price of $1,071,600
on
or before December 15, 2005 and requires ReEnergy to lease the Wood Industries
plant (comprising 35 acres) to Wood Industries (which is owned by Kent Kaulfuss
and his wife) for an indefinite period of time for a monthly rental of $800.
Accordingly, if the real property had been purchased by PEI California pursuant
to the terms of the Option to Purchase Land dated August 28, 2003, Kent
Kaulfuss and his wife would have realized a gain on sale of approximately
$178,600. The option expired on December 15, 2005 without being
exercised.
PEI
California entered into a consulting agreement with Ryan W. Turner, our Chief
Operating Officer and Secretary, and a former director, for consulting services
at $6,000 per month. During 2005 and 2004, PEI California paid Mr. Turner a
total of $21,000 and $72,000, respectively, pursuant to the consulting contract.
This consulting agreement was terminated in connection with Mr. Turner’s
entry into an Executive Employment Agreement with us as described above under
“Management - Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and
Change-in-Control Arrangements.”
On
October 27, 2003, William and Maurine Jones, Ryan and Wendy Turner and Andrea
Jones entered into an agreement with Southern Counties Oil Co., a former
shareholder of PEI California, of which Frank P. Greinke, one of our directors
and a director of PEI California, is the owner and CEO, to sell 1,500,000 shares
of common stock of PEI California personally held by them at $1.50 per share
for
total proceeds of $2,250,000. In connection with the sale of the shares, the
parties entered into a Voting Agreement under which William and Maurine Jones,
Ryan and Wendy Turner and Andrea Jones agreed to vote a significant number
of
their existing shares of common stock of PEI California in favor of
Mr. Greinke to be elected to the board of directors of PEI California or
any successor-in-interest to PEI California, including Pacific
Ethanol.
In
March
2005, Barry Siegel, on the one hand, and William and Maurine Jones, Ryan and
Wendy Turner and Andrea Jones, on the other, entered into a stock purchase
agreement that provided for, among other things, the sale of an aggregate of
250,000 shares of common stock of PEI California to Mr. Siegel for an aggregate
purchase price of $25.00.
Immediately
prior to the closing of the Share Exchange Transaction, William L. Jones sold
200,000 shares of common stock of PEI California to the individual members
of
ReEnergy at $.01 per share, to compensate them for facilitating the closing
of
the Share Exchange Transaction.
Immediately
prior to the closing of the Share Exchange Transaction, William L. Jones sold
300,000 shares of common stock of PEI California to Neil M. Koehler at $.01
per
share to compensate Mr. Koehler for facilitating the closing of the Share
Exchange Transaction.
Immediately
prior to the closing of the Share Exchange Transaction, William L. Jones sold
100,000 shares of common stock of PEI California to Thomas D. Koehler at $.01
per share to compensate Mr. Koehler for facilitating the closing of the Share
Exchange Transaction.
Transactions
between Kinergy and its Related Parties
Neil
M.
Koehler, our President and Chief Executive Officer and one of our directors,
is
also the Chief Executive Officer of PEI California and was the sole manager
and
sole limited liability company member of Kinergy and was a limited liability
company member of Kinergy Resources, LLC, which was a member of ReEnergy.
Mr. Koehler did not receive compensation from PEI California and did not
receive compensation in his capacity as the sole manager of
Kinergy.
Neil
M.
Koehler is the brother of Thomas D. Koehler, our Vice President, Public Policy
and Markets. Thomas D. Koehler was a limited liability company member of
ReEnergy.
One
of
Kinergy’s larger customers, Southern Counties Oil Co., doing business at SC
Fuels, was a principal shareholder of PEI California and is one of our former
stockholders. Frank P. Greinke, the Chief Executive Officer of the corporate
general partner of Southern Counties Oil Co., is one of our directors and was
a
director of PEI California. During the years ended December 31, 2005 and
2004, Southern Counties Oil Co. accounted for approximately 10% and 13%,
respectively, of the total net sales of Kinergy.
Transactions
between ReEnergy and its Related Parties
Thomas
D.
Koehler, our Vice President, Public Policy and Markets, also held the same
position with PEI California and was a limited liability company member of
ReEnergy. Mr. Koehler is the brother of Neil M. Koehler and received
compensation from PEI California (through Celilo Group, LLC) as an independent
contractor.
PEI
California and ReEnergy are parties to an Option to Purchase Land dated August
28, 2003, pursuant to which ReEnergy has agreed to sell approximately 89 acres
of real property in Visalia to PEI California at a price of $12,000 per acre,
with respect to which real property ReEnergy has executed an Option Agreement
dated as of July 20, 2003 with Kent Kaulfuss, who was a limited liability
company member of ReEnergy, and his wife, which Option Agreement grants ReEnergy
an option to purchase such real property for a purchase price of $1,071,600
on
or before December 15, 2005 and requires ReEnergy to lease the Wood Industries
plant (comprising 35 acres) to Wood Industries (which is owned by Kent Kaulfuss
and his wife) for an indefinite period of time for a monthly rental of $800.
Accordingly, if the real property had been purchased by PEI California pursuant
to the terms of the Option to Purchase Land dated August 28, 2003, Kent
Kaulfuss and his wife would have realized a gain on sale of approximately
$178,600. The option expired on December 15, 2005 without being
exercised.
Transactions
between us and our Related Parties at the time of or after the Share Exchange
Transaction
On
March 23, 2005, we issued to Philip B. Kart, our former Senior Vice
President, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, 200,000 shares
of
common stock in consideration of Mr. Kart’s obligations under a Confidentiality,
Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation and Consulting Agreement that was entered
into
in connection with the Share Exchange Transaction.
On
March 23, 2005, we issued to Barry Siegel, our former Chairman of the
Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, 400,000 shares of common stock
in
consideration of Mr. Siegel’s obligations under a Confidentiality,
Non-Competition, Non-Solicitation and Consulting Agreement that was entered
into
in connection with the Share Exchange Transaction. We also transferred
DriverShield CRM Corp., one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, to Mr. Siegel
in
connection with this transaction. In addition we sold Sentaur Corp., another
of
our wholly-owned subsidiaries, to Mr. Siegel for the cash sum of
$5,000.
On
March 23, 2005, in connection with the Share Exchange Transaction, we
entered into Confidentiality, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreements
with each of Neil M. Koehler, Thomas D. Koehler, William L. Jones and Ryan
W.
Turner. The agreement is substantially the same for each of the foregoing
persons, except as otherwise noted below, and provides for certain standard
confidentiality protections in our favor prohibiting each of the foregoing
persons, each of whom is a stockholder and our officers and/or directors, from
disclosure or use of our confidential information. The agreement also provides
that each of the foregoing persons is prohibited from competing with us for
a
period of five years; however, Neil M. Koehler’s agreement provides that he is
prohibited from competing with us for a period of three years. In addition,
during the period during which each of the foregoing persons is prohibited
from
competing, they are also prohibited from soliciting our customers, employees
or
consultants and are further prohibited from making disparaging comments
regarding us, our officers or directors, or our other personnel, products or
services.
On
March 23, 2005, in connection with the Share Exchange Transaction, we
became the sole owner of the membership interests of Kinergy. Neil M. Koehler,
our President and Chief Executive Officer and one of our directors and principal
stockholders was formerly the sole owner of the membership interests of Kinergy
and personally guaranteed certain obligations of Kinergy to Comerica Bank.
As
part of the consummation of the Share Exchange Transaction, we executed a Letter
Agreement dated March 23, 2005 with Mr. Koehler that provides that we will,
as
soon as reasonably practical, replace Mr. Koehler as guarantor under certain
financing agreements between Kinergy and Comerica Bank. Under the Letter
Agreement, prior to the time that Mr. Koehler is replaced by us as guarantor
under such financing agreements, we will defend and hold harmless Mr. Koehler,
his agents and representatives for all losses, claims, liabilities and damages
caused or arising from out of (i) our failure to pay our indebtedness under
such
financing agreements in the event that Mr. Koehler is required to pay such
amounts to Comerica Bank pursuant to his guaranty agreement with Comerica Bank,
or (ii) a breach of our duties to indemnify and defend as set forth above.
On
July
26, 2005, we issued options to purchase up to 50,000 shares of our common stock
to William L. Jones, options to purchase up to 20,000 shares of our common
stock
to Terry L. Stone, options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of our common stock
to Frank P. Greinke, options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of our common
stock
to John Pimentel, who was then a current director and is now a former director,
and options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of our common stock to Ken Freidman,
who was then a current director and is now a former director. The options have
an exercise price of $8.25 per share, which represents the closing price of
a
share of our common stock on the date of grant. The options have a term of
10-years and vest in full one year from their date of grant.
On
July
28, 2005, we issued options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of our common stock
to Charles W. Bader, who was then a current director and is now a former
director, and options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of our common stock to
John L. Prince, a director. The options have an exercise price of $8.30 per
share, which represents the closing price of a share of our common stock on
the
date of grant. The options have a term of 10-years and vest in full one year
from their date of grant.
On
August
10, 2005, we issued options to purchase up to 425,000 shares of our common
stock
to William G. Langley, our Chief Financial Officer. The options have an exercise
price of $8.03 per share, which represents the closing price of a share of
our
common stock on the date immediately preceding the date of grant. The options
have a term of 10-years. The options vested immediately as to 85,000 shares
and
vest as to an additional 85,000 shares on each of the first, second, third
and
fourth anniversaries of the date of grant.
On
September 19, 2005, we issued 3,000 shares of common stock to Kenneth J.
Friedman, who was then a current director and is now a former director, upon
exercise of outstanding options with an exercise price of approximately $5.63
per share for total gross proceeds of approximately $16,875.
On
November 3, 2005, William L. Jones, our Chairman, executed a Continuing Guaranty
in favor of W.M. Lyles Co. Under the Guaranty, Mr. Jones guarantees to
W.M. Lyles Co. the payment obligations of PEI California under a certain
Letter Agreement between PEI California and W.M. Lyles Co. The Letter
Agreement relates to a Phase 2 Design-Build Agreement between PEI Madera and
W.M. Lyles Co. relating to the construction of our ethanol production
facility in Madera County. The Letter Agreement provides that, if
W.M. Lyles Co. pays performance liquidated damages to PEI Madera as a
result of a defect attributable to Delta-T Corporation, the engineer for the
ethanol production facility in Madera County, or if W.M. Lyles Co. pays
liquidated damages to PEI Madera under the Phase 2 Design-Build Agreement as
a
result of a delay that is attributable to Delta-T Corporation, then PEI
California agrees to reimburse W.M. Lyles Co. for such liquidated damages.
However, PEI California is not responsible for the first $2.0 million of
reimbursement. In addition, in the event that W.M. Lyles Co. recovers
amounts from Delta-T Corporation for such defect or delay, then W.M. Lyles
Co. is to not seek reimbursement from PEI California. The aggregate
reimbursement obligations of PEI California under the Letter Agreement are
not
to exceed $8.1 million. Under the Guaranty, W.M. Lyles Co. is to seek
payment on a pro rata basis from Mr. Jones and Neil M. Koehler (as described
below), but in the event that Mr. Koehler fails to make payment, then Mr. Jones
is responsible for any shortfall. However, the full extent of Mr. Jones’
liability under his Guaranty, including for any shortfall for non-payment by
Mr.
Koehler, is limited to $4.0 million plus any attorneys’ fees, costs and
expenses.
On
November 3, 2005, Neil M. Koehler, a director and our President and Chief
Executive Officer, executed a Continuing Guaranty in favor of W.M. Lyles
Co. Under the Guaranty, Mr. Koehler guarantees to W.M. Lyles Co. the
payment obligations of PEI California under the Letter Agreement described
above. Under the Guaranty, W.M. Lyles Co. is to seek payment on a pro rata
basis from William L. Jones (as described above) and Mr. Koehler, but in the
event that Mr. Jones fails to make payment, then Mr. Koehler is responsible
for
any shortfall. However, the full extent of Mr. Koehler’s liability under his
Guaranty, including for any shortfall for non-payment by Mr. Jones, is limited
to $4.0 million plus any attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses.
On
November 10, 2005, we set the compensation and expense reimbursement policies
for non-employee members of our Board, which policies were made retroactive
to
May 18, 2005. The Chairman of our Board receives annual compensation of $80,000.
Each member of our Board, including the Chairman, receives $1,500 for each
Board
meeting attended, whether attended in person or telephonically. The Chairman
of
our Audit Committee receives an additional $3,500 per quarter. In addition,
non-employee directors are reimbursed for certain reasonable and documented
expenses in connection with attendance at meetings of our Board and its
committees.
On
November 14, 2005, William L. Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Ryan W. Turner, Kenneth
J.
Friedman and Frank P. Greinke, each of whom at the time was a stockholder and
one of our directors and/or executive officers, or the Stockholders, and us,
entered into a Voting Agreement, or the Voting Agreement, with Cascade (other
than Mr. Friedman who was then a current director and is now a former
director). The Stockholders collectively hold an aggregate of approximately
9.2
million shares of our common stock. The Voting Agreement provides that the
Stockholders may not transfer their shares of our common stock, and must keep
their shares free of all liens, proxies, voting trusts or agreements until
the
Voting Agreement is terminated. The Voting Agreement provides that the
Stockholders will each vote or execute a written consent in favor of Cascade’s
purchase of 5,250,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $84.0 million. In addition, under the Voting Agreement, each
Stockholder grants an irrevocable proxy to Neil M. Koehler, a director and
our
President and Chief Executive Officer, to act as such Stockholder’s proxy and
attorney-in-fact to vote or execute a written consent in favor of the sale
of
the preferred stock. The Voting Agreement is effective until the earlier of
the
approval of the sale of the preferred stock by our stockholders or the
termination of the purchase agreement under which the preferred stock is to
be
sold in accordance with its terms.
On
April
13, 2006 Robert P. Thomas was appointed to our Board. Mr. Thomas has held
various positions and is currently a portfolio manager with the William H.
Gates III investment group which oversees Mr. Gates’ personal investments
through Cascade Investment, L.L.C. and the investment assets of the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation. Immediately preceding his appointment as a director
of
Pacific Ethanol, we issued 5,250,000 shares of our Series A Preferred Stock
to
Cascade Investment, L.L.C.
On
June
26, 2006, we entered into executive employment agreements with each of John
T.
Miller, our Chief Operating Officer, and Christopher W. Wright, our Vice
President, General Counsel and Secretary, providing for annual base salaries
of
$185,000 each. In addition, each of Messrs. Miller and Wright are to be issued
54,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to a restricted stock or restricted
stock unit award under an incentive plan to be instituted by us that will vest
as to 13,500 shares immediately and as to an additional 10,125 shares on each
of
the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the initial grant. Except
as otherwise provided above, our executive employment agreements with Messrs.
Miller and Wright are substantially the same as those entered into by us and
William G. Langley, our Chief Financial Officers, as described above under
the
heading “Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and
Change-in-Control Arrangements.”
We
are or
have been a party to employment and compensation arrangements with related
parties, as more particularly described above under the headings “Compensation
of Executive Officers,” “Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and
Change-in-Control Arrangements” and “Compensation of Directors.”
We
have
entered into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors and
executive officers. The indemnification agreements and our certificate of
incorporation and bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers
to
the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.
SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The
following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership
of our common stock as of July 21, 2006, the date of the table, by:
|
· |
each
person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock;
|
|
· |
each
of our current executive officers;
and
|
|
· |
all
of our directors and executive officers as a
group.
|
Beneficial
ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Commission, and
includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. To our
knowledge, except as indicated by footnote, and subject to community property
laws where applicable, the persons named in the table below have sole voting
and
investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as
beneficially owned by them. Shares of common stock underlying derivative
securities, if any, that currently are exercisable or convertible or are
scheduled to become exercisable or convertible for or into shares of common
stock within 60 days after the date of the table are deemed to be outstanding
in
calculating the percentage ownership of each listed person or group but are
not
deemed to be outstanding as to any other person or group. Percentage of
beneficial ownership is based on 37,223,236 shares of common stock outstanding
as of the date of the table.
Name
and Address of Beneficial Owner (1)
|
|
Title
of Class
|
|
Amount
and Nature
of
Beneficial Ownership
|
|
Percent
of
Class
|
William
L. Jones
|
|
Common
|
|
2,145,000
|
(2) |
|
5.75%
|
Neil
M. Koehler
|
|
Common
|
|
3,588,139
|
|
|
9.64%
|
John
T. Miller.
|
|
Common
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
William
G. Langley
|
|
Common
|
|
85,000
|
(3) |
|
*
|
Christopher
W. Wright
|
|
Common
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Frank
P. Greinke
|
|
Common
|
|
115,000
|
(4) |
|
*
|
Douglas
L. Kieta
|
|
Common
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
John
L. Prince
|
|
Common
|
|
15,000
|
(3) |
|
*
|
Terry
L. Stone
|
|
Common
|
|
20,000
|
(3) |
|
*
|
Robert
P. Thomas
|
|
Common
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
Cascade
Investment, L.L.C.
|
|
Common
|
|
10,500,000
|
(5) |
|
22.00%
|
|
|
Series
A Preferred
|
|
5,250,000
|
(5) |
|
100.00%
|
All
executive officers and directors as
a group (10 persons)
|
|
Common
|
|
5,968,139
|
(6) |
|
15.95%
|
(1) |
Messrs. Jones,
Koehler, Greinke, Kieta, Prince, Stone and Thomas are directors of
Pacific
Ethanol. Messrs. Koehler, Miller, Langley and Wright are executive
officers of Pacific Ethanol. The address of each of these persons,
unless
otherwise indicated below, is c/o Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 5711 N.
West
Avenue, Fresno, California 93711.
|
(2) |
Includes
50,000 shares of common stock underlying options issued to Mr. Jones
and
2,095,000 shares of common stock held by William L. Jones and Maurine
Jones, husband and wife, as community
property.
|
(3) |
Represents
shares of common stock underlying
options.
|
(4) |
Includes
15,000 shares of common stock underlying options issued to Mr. Greinke
and
100,000 shares of common stock held by the Greinke Personal Living
Trust.
Mr. Greinke is a trustee of the Greinke Personal Living Trust. Mr.
Greinke
has sole voting and sole investment power over the shares held by
the
trust.
|
(5) |
Amount
of common stock represents shares of common stock underlying our
Series A Preferred Stock. All Series A Preferred Stock held by
Cascade may be deemed to be beneficially owned by William H. Gates
III as the sole member of Cascade. The address for Cascade Investment,
L.L.C is 2365 Carillon Point, Kirkland, Washington
98033.
|
(6) |
Includes
185,000 shares of common stock underlying
options.
|
Audit
Committee Report
Our
Audit
Committee discussed with our independent auditors all matters required to be
discussed by generally accepted auditing standards, including those described
in
Statement on Auditing Standards No. 61, as amended, “Communication with Audit
Committees.” Prior to the inclusion and filing with the Commission of the
consolidated audited financial statements in our accompanying annual report
on
Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2005, the Audit Committee discussed
with management and reviewed our consolidated audited financial statements.
In
addition, our Board obtained from our independent auditors a formal written
statement indicating that no relationships existed between the auditors and
Pacific Ethanol that might bear on the auditors’ independence consistent with
Independence Standards Board Standard No. 1, “Independent Discussions with Audit
Committees,” discerned from discussions with the auditors that no relationships
exist that may impact their objectivity and independence, and satisfied itself
as to the auditors’ independence. Prior to the filing of the Form 10-KSB with
the Commission, and based on the review and discussions referenced above, the
Audit Committee recommended to our Board that the audited financial statements
be included in the Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31,
2005.
Respectfully
submitted,
Audit
Committee
Terry
L.
Stone
John
L.
Prince
Robert
P.
Thomas
Change
in Independent Public Accountants
On
March
24, 2005, we dismissed Nussbaum Yates & Wolpow, P.C. as our independent
registered public accountant. On March 24, 2005, we engaged Hein &
Associates LLP as our new independent registered public accountant. The reports
of Nussbaum Yates & Wolpow, P.C. on Accessity’s financial statements for the
years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 did not contain any adverse opinion
or
disclaimer of opinion, nor were they qualified or modified as to uncertainty,
audit scope or accounting principles. The decision to change our independent
registered public accountant was authorized and approved by our Audit
Committee.
In
connection with the audit of the financial statements of Accessity as of and
for
the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 and during the interim period through
March 24, 2005, the date of dismissal, Accessity had no disagreement with
Nussbaum Yates & Wolpow, P.C. on any matter of accounting principles or
practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure,
which
disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Nussbaum Yates &
Wolpow, P.C., would have caused them to make reference thereto in their report
on the financial statements for such years. In addition, there were no
reportable events as described in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under
the
Securities Act.
We
had
not consulted with Hein & Associates LLP in the past regarding the
application of accounting principles to a specified transaction or the type
of
audit opinion that might be rendered on our financial statements or as to any
disagreement or reportable event as described in Items 304(a)(1)(iv) and
304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act.
Principal
Accountant Fees and Services
We
do not
anticipate that a representative of Hein & Associates LLP, our independent
registered public accountants for 2005, will be present at our 2006 annual
meeting. We do not expect that a representative of Nussbaum Yates & Wolpow,
P.C., our independent registered public accountants for 2004, will be present
at
our 2006 annual meeting.
The
following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by
Hein & Associates LLP for the year ended December 31, 2005 and Nussbaum
Yates & Wolpow, P.C. for the year ended December 31, 2004.
|
|
2005
|
|
2004
|
|
Audit
Fees
|
|
$
|
395,189
|
|
$
|
67,500
|
|
Audit-Related
Fees
|
|
|
98,938
|
|
|
—
|
|
Tax
Fees
|
|
|
6,296
|
|
|
—
|
|
All
Other Fees
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
40,726
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
500,423
|
|
$
|
108,226
|
|
Audit
Fees.
Consist
of amounts billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual
consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Reports on Forms
10-KSB, and reviews of our interim consolidated financial statements included
in
our Quarterly Reports on Forms 10-QSB and our Registration Statement on
Form S-1, including amendments thereto.
Audit-Related
Fees.
Consist
of amounts billed for professional services performed in connection with mergers
and acquisitions.
Tax
Fees.
Consists
of amounts billed for professional services rendered for tax return preparation,
tax planning and tax advice.
All
Other Fees.
Consists of amounts billed for services other than those noted above. In 2004,
these services were primarily related to assistance and review of our Proxy
Statement that was filed with the Commission in the fourth quarter of 2004
and
matters related to the review of the Share Exchange Agreement in connection
with
the Share Exchange Transaction that ultimately occurred in March 2005. In 2005,
these services were primarily related to document review.
Our
Audit
Committee has determined that all non-audit services provided by Hein &
Associates LLP are compatible with maintaining Hein & Associates LLP’s audit
independence.
Our
Audit
Committee is responsible for approving all audit, audit-related, tax and other
services. The Audit Committee pre-approves all auditing services and permitted
non-audit services, including all fees and terms to be performed for us by
our
independent auditor at the beginning of the fiscal year. Non-audit services
are
reviewed and pre-approved by project at the beginning of the fiscal year. Any
additional non-audit services contemplated by Pacific Ethanol after the
beginning of the fiscal year are submitted to the Audit Committee chairman
for
pre-approval prior to engaging the independent auditor for such services. Such
interim pre-approvals are reviewed with the full Audit Committee at its next
meeting for ratification. During 2005, all services performed by Hein &
Associates LLP were pre-approved by our Audit Committee in accordance with
these
policies and applicable Commission regulations.
RATIFICATION
AND APPROVAL OF ADOPTION OF
2006
STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
(Proposal
2)
On
July
19, 2006, our Board adopted the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”),
subject to stockholder approval. The 2006 Plan is intended to promote our
interests by providing eligible persons in our service with the opportunity
to
acquire a proprietary or economic interest, or otherwise increase their
proprietary or economic interest, in us as an incentive for them to remain
in
such service and render superior performance during such service. The 2006
Plan
consists of two equity-based incentive programs, the Discretionary Grant Program
and the Stock Issuance Program. Principal features of each program are
summarized below.
On
July
19, 2006, our Board terminated our Amended 1995 Incentive Stock Plan, except
to
the extent of options to purchase up to 76,000 shares of our common stock
outstanding as of that date. We will, therefore, not issue any additional
options to purchase shares of our common stock under the Amended 1995 Incentive
Stock Plan. On July 19, 2006, subject to ratification and approval by our
stockholders of the 2006 Plan, our Board also terminated our 2004 Stock Option
Plan, except to the extent of options to purchase up to 665,000 shares of our
common stock outstanding as of that date. We will, therefore, not issue any
additional options to purchase shares of our common stock under the 2004 Stock
Option Plan upon the ratification and approval by our stockholders of the 2006
Plan.
Administration
The
Compensation Committee of our Board has the exclusive authority to administer
the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to option
grants, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation
rights, direct stock issuances and other stock-based awards (“equity awards”)
made to executive officers and non-employee Board members, and also has the
authority to make equity awards under those programs to all other eligible
individuals. However, the Board may retain, reassume or exercise from time
to
time the power to administer those programs. Equity awards made to members
of
the Compensation Committee must be authorized and approved by a disinterested
majority of the Board.
The
term
“plan administrator,” as used in this summary, means the Compensation Committee
or the Board, to the extent either entity is acting within the scope of its
administrative jurisdiction under the 2006 Plan.
Share
Reserve
Initially,
2,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the 2006
Plan. No equity awards have been or will be issued under the 2006 Plan unless
and until stockholder approval of the 2006 Plan is obtained on or before July
19, 2007.
No
participant in the 2006 Plan may be granted equity awards for more than 250,000
shares of common stock per calendar year. Stockholder approval of this proposal
will also constitute approval of the 250,000 share limitation for purposes
of
Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m). This share-limitation is intended to
assure that any deductions to which we would otherwise be entitled, either
upon
the exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights granted under the
Discretionary Grant Program with an exercise price per share equal to the fair
market value per share of our common stock on the grant date or upon the
subsequent sale of the shares purchased under those options, will not be subject
to the $1.0 million limitation on the income tax deductibility of compensation
paid per covered executive officer imposed under Section 162(m). In addition,
shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program may qualify as performance-based
compensation that is not subject to the Section 162(m) limitation, if the
issuance of those shares is approved by the Compensation Committee and the
vesting is tied solely to the attainment of the corporate performance milestones
discussed below in the summary description of that program.
The
shares of common stock issuable under the 2006 Plan may be drawn from shares
of
our authorized but unissued shares or from shares reacquired by us, including
shares repurchased on the open market. Shares subject to any outstanding equity
awards under the 2006 Plan that expire or otherwise terminate before those
shares are issued will be available for subsequent awards. Unvested shares
issued under the 2006 Plan and subsequently repurchased by us at the option
exercise or direct issue price paid per share, pursuant to our repurchase rights
under the 2006 Plan, will be added back to the number of shares reserved for
issuance under the 2006 Plan and will be available for subsequent
reissuance.
If
the
exercise price of an option under the 2006 Plan is paid with shares of common
stock, then the authorized reserve of common stock under the 2006 Plan will
be
reduced only by the net number of new shares issued under the exercised stock
option. If shares of common stock otherwise issuable under the 2006 Plan are
withheld in satisfaction of the withholding taxes incurred in connection with
the issuance, exercise or vesting of an equity award, then the number of shares
of common stock available for issuance under the 2006 Plan will be reduced
only
by the net number of shares issued pursuant to that equity award. The withheld
shares will not reduce the share reserve. Upon the exercise of any stock
appreciation right granted under the 2006 Plan, the share reserve will only
be
reduced by the net number of shares actually issued upon exercise, and not
by
the gross number of shares as to which the stock appreciation right is
exercised.
As
soon
as practicable following stockholder approval of the 2006 Plan, we intend to
register the issuance of our securities under the 2006 Plan on Form S-8 under
the Securities Act.
Eligibility
Officers,
employees, non-employee directors, and consultants and independent advisors
who
are under written contract and whose securities issued pursuant to the 2006
Plan
could be registered on Form S-8, all of whom are in our service or the service
of any parent or subsidiary of ours, whether now existing or subsequently
established, are eligible to participate in the Discretionary Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs.
As
of
July 21, 2006, four executive officers, twenty-nine other employees, six
non-employee members of our Board and an indeterminate number of consultants
and
advisors were eligible to participate in the 2006 Plan.
Valuation
The
fair
market value per share of our common stock on any relevant date under the 2006
Plan will be deemed to be equal to the closing selling price per share of our
common stock at the close of regular hours trading on the Nasdaq Global Market
on that date, as the price is reported by the National Association of Securities
Dealers. If there is no closing selling price for our common stock on the date
in question, the fair market value will be the closing selling price on the
last
preceding date for which a quotation exists. On July 21, 2006 the fair market
value determined on that basis was $19.25 per share.
Discretionary
Grant Program
The
plan
administrator has complete discretion under the Discretionary Grant Program
to
determine which eligible individuals are to receive equity awards under that
program, the time or times when those equity awards are to be made, the number
of shares subject to each award, the time or times when each equity award is
to
vest and become exercisable, the maximum term for which the equity award is
to
remain outstanding and the status of any granted option as either an incentive
stock option or a non-statutory option under the federal tax laws.
Stock
Options.
Each
granted option will have an exercise price per share determined by the plan
administrator, provided that the exercise price will not be less than 85% or
100% of the fair market value of a share on the grant date in the case of
non-statutory or incentive options, respectively. No granted option will have
a
term in excess of ten years. Incentive options granted to an employee who
beneficially owns more than 10% of our outstanding common stock must have
exercise prices not less than 110% of the fair market value of a share on the
grant date and a term of not more than five years measured from the grant date.
Options generally will become exercisable in one or more installments over
a
specified period of service measured from the grant date. However, options
may
be structured so that they will be immediately exercisable for any or all of
the
option shares. Any unvested shares acquired under immediately exercisable
options will be subject to repurchase, at the exercise price paid per share,
if
the optionee ceases service with us prior to vesting in those
shares.
An
optionee who ceases service with us other than due to misconduct will have
a
limited time within which to exercise outstanding options for any shares for
which those options are vested and exercisable at the time of cessation of
service. The plan administrator has complete discretion to extend the period
following the optionee’s cessation of service during which outstanding options
may be exercised (but not beyond the expiration date) and/or to accelerate
the
exercisability or vesting of options in whole or in part. Discretion may be
exercised at any time while the options remain outstanding, whether before
or
after the optionee’s actual cessation of service.
Stock
Appreciation Rights.
The plan
administrator has the authority to issue the following three types of stock
appreciation rights under the Discretionary Grant Program:
|
· |
Tandem
stock appreciation rights, which provide the holders with the right,
upon
approval of the plan administrator, to surrender their options for
an
appreciation distribution in an amount equal to the excess of the
fair
market value of the vested shares of common stock subject to the
surrendered option over the aggregate exercise price payable for
those
shares.
|
|
· |
Standalone
stock appreciation rights, which allow the holders to exercise those
rights as to a specific number of shares of common stock and receive
in
exchange an appreciation distribution in an amount equal to the excess
of
the fair market value on the exercise date of the shares of common
stock
as to which those rights are exercised over the aggregate base price
in
effect for those shares. The base price per share may not be less
than the
fair market value per share of the common stock on the date the standalone
stock appreciation right is granted, and the right may not have a
term in
excess of ten years.
|
|
· |
Limited
stock appreciation rights, which may be included in one or more option
grants made under the Discretionary Grant Program to executive officers
or
directors who are subject to the short-swing profit liability provisions
of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Upon the successful completion
of a
hostile takeover for more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities
or
a change in a majority of our Board as a result of one or more contested
elections for Board membership over a period of up to 36 consecutive
months, each outstanding option with a limited stock appreciation
right
may be surrendered in return for a cash distribution per surrendered
option share equal to the excess of the fair market value per share
at the
time the option is surrendered or, if greater and the option is a
non-statutory option, the highest price paid per share in the transaction,
over the exercise price payable per share under the
option.
|
Payments
with respect to exercised tandem or standalone stock appreciation rights may,
at
the discretion of the plan administrator, be made in cash or in shares of common
stock. All payments with respect to exercised limited stock appreciation rights
will be made in cash. Upon cessation of service with us, the holder of one or
more stock appreciation rights will have a limited period within which to
exercise those rights as to any shares as to which those stock appreciation
rights are vested and exercisable at the time of cessation of service. The
plan
administrator will have complete discretion to extend the period following
the
holder’s cessation of service during which his or her outstanding stock
appreciation rights may be exercised and/or to accelerate the exercisability
or
vesting of the stock appreciation rights in whole or in part. Discretion may
be
exercised at any time while the stock appreciation rights remain outstanding,
whether before or after the holder’s actual cessation of service.
Repricing.
The plan
administrator has the authority, with the consent of the affected holders,
to
effect the cancellation of any or all outstanding options or stock appreciation
rights under the Discretionary Grant Program and to grant in exchange one or
more of the following: (i) new options or stock appreciation rights covering
the
same or a different number of shares of common stock but with an exercise or
base price per share not less than the fair market value per share of common
stock on the new grant date or (ii) cash or shares of common stock, whether
vested or unvested, equal in value to the value of the cancelled options or
stock appreciation rights. The plan administrator also has the authority with
or, if the affected holder is not subject to the short-swing profit liability
of
Section 16, then without, the consent of the affected holders, to reduce the
exercise or base price of one or more outstanding stock options or stock
appreciation rights to the then current fair market value per share of common
stock or to issue new stock options or stock appreciation rights with a lower
exercise or base price in immediate cancellation of outstanding stock options
or
stock appreciation rights with a higher exercise or base price.
Stock
Issuance Program
Shares
of
common stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program for valid
consideration under the Delaware General Corporation Law as the plan
administrator deems appropriate, including cash, past services or other
property. In addition, restricted shares of common stock may be issued pursuant
to restricted stock awards that vest in one or more installments over the
recipient’s period of service or upon attainment of specified performance
objectives. Shares of common stock may also be issued under the program pursuant
to restricted stock units or other stock-based awards that entitle the
recipients to receive the shares underlying those awards upon the attainment
of
designated performance goals, the satisfaction of specified service requirements
and/or upon the expiration of a designated time period following the vesting
of
those awards or units, including without limitation, a deferred distribution
date following the termination of the recipient’s service with us.
The
plan
administrator will have complete discretion under the Stock Issuance Program
to
determine which eligible individuals are to receive equity awards under the
program, the time or times when those equity awards are to be made, the number
of shares subject to each equity award, the vesting schedule to be in effect
for
the equity award and the consideration, if any, payable per share. The shares
issued pursuant to an equity award may be fully vested upon issuance or may
vest
upon the completion of a designated service period and/or the attainment of
pre-established performance goals.
To
assure
that the compensation attributable to one or more equity awards under the Stock
Issuance Program will qualify as performance-based compensation that will not
be
subject to the $1.0 million limitation on the income tax deductibility of the
compensation paid per covered executive officer imposed under Section 162(m),
the Compensation Committee will also have the discretionary authority to
structure one or more equity awards under the Stock Issuance Program so that
the
shares subject to those particular awards will vest only upon the achievement
of
certain pre-established corporate performance goals. Goals may be based on
one
or more of the following criteria: (i) return on total stockholders’ equity;
(ii) net income per share; (iii) net income or operating income; (iv) earnings
before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation
costs, or operating income before depreciation and amortization; (v) sales
or
revenue targets; (vi) return on assets, capital or investment; (vii) cash flow;
(viii) market share; (ix) cost reduction goals; (x) budget comparisons; (xi)
implementation or completion of projects or processes strategic or critical
to
our business operations; (xii) measures of customer satisfaction; (xiii) any
combination of, or a specified increase in, any of the foregoing; and (xiv)
the
formation of joint ventures, research and development collaborations, marketing
or customer service collaborations, or the completion of other corporate
transactions intended to enhance our revenue or profitability or expand our
customer base; provided, however, that for purposes of items (ii), (iii) and
(vii) above, the Compensation Committee may, at the time the equity awards
are
made, specify certain adjustments to those items as reported in accordance
with
generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”), which will
exclude from the calculation of those performance goals one or more of the
following: certain charges related to acquisitions, stock-based compensation,
employer payroll tax expense on certain stock option exercises, settlement
costs, restructuring costs, gains or losses on strategic investments,
non-operating gains, certain other non-cash charges, valuation allowance on
deferred tax assets, and the related income tax effects, purchases of property
and equipment, and any extraordinary non-recurring items as described in
Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 or its successor, provided that
those
adjustments are in conformity with those reported by us on a non-GAAP basis.
In
addition, performance goals may be based upon the attainment of specified levels
of our performance under one or more of the measures described above relative
to
the performance of other entities and may also be based on the performance
of
any of our business groups or divisions thereof or any parent or subsidiary.
Performance goals may include a minimum threshold level of performance below
which no award will be earned, levels of performance at which specified portions
of an award will be earned, and a maximum level of performance at which an
award
will be fully earned. The Compensation Committee may provide that, if the actual
level of attainment for any performance objective is between two specified
levels, the amount of the award attributable to that performance objective
shall
be interpolated on a straight-line basis.
The
plan
administrator will have the discretionary authority at any time to accelerate
the vesting of any and all shares of restricted stock or other unvested shares
outstanding under the Stock Issuance Program. However, no vesting requirements
tied to the attainment of performance objectives may be waived with respect
to
shares that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as
performance-based compensation under Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m),
except in the event of certain involuntary terminations or changes in control
or
ownership.
Outstanding
restricted stock units or other stock-based awards under the Stock Issuance
Program will automatically terminate, and no shares of common stock will
actually be issued in satisfaction of those awards, if the performance goals
or
service requirements established for those awards are not attained. The plan
administrator, however, will have the discretionary authority to issue shares
of
common stock in satisfaction of one or more outstanding restricted stock units
or other stock-based awards as to which the designated performance goals or
service requirements are not attained. However, no vesting requirements tied
to
the attainment of performance objectives may be waived with respect to awards
that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as performance-based
compensation under Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m), except in the event
of
certain involuntary terminations or changes in control or ownership.
General
Provisions
Acceleration.
If a
change in control occurs, each outstanding equity award under the Discretionary
Grant Program will automatically accelerate in full, unless (i) that award
is
assumed by the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect, (ii)
the
award is replaced with a cash retention program that preserves the spread
existing on the unvested shares subject to that equity award (the excess of
the
fair market value of those shares over the exercise or base price in effect
for
the shares) and provides for subsequent payout of that spread in accordance
with
the same vesting schedule in effect for those shares, or (iii) the acceleration
of the award is subject to other limitations imposed by the plan administrator.
In addition, all unvested shares outstanding under the Discretionary Grant
and
Stock Issuance Programs will immediately vest upon the change in control, except
to the extent our repurchase rights with respect to those shares are to be
assigned to the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect or
accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations imposed by the plan
administrator. Each outstanding equity award under the Stock Issuance Program
will vest as to the number of shares of common stock subject to that award
immediately prior to the change in control, unless that equity award is assumed
by the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect or replaced with
a
cash retention program similar to the program described in clause (ii) above
or
unless vesting is precluded by its terms. Immediately following a change in
control, all outstanding awards under the Discretionary Grant Program will
terminate and cease to be outstanding except to the extent assumed by the
successor corporation or its parent or otherwise expressly continued in full
force and effect pursuant to the terms of the change in control
transaction.
The
plan
administrator will have the discretion to structure one or more equity awards
under the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs so that those equity
awards will vest in full either immediately upon a change in control or in
the
event the individual’s service with us or the successor entity is terminated
(actually or constructively) within a designated period following a change
in
control transaction, whether or not those equity awards are to be assumed or
otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention program.
A
change
in control will be deemed to have occurred if, in a single transaction or series
of related transactions:
(i) any
person (as that term is used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the 1934 Act), or
persons acting as a group, other than a trustee or fiduciary holding securities
under an employment benefit program, is or becomes a beneficial owner (as
defined in Rule 13-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly of securities
representing 51% or more of the combined voting power of our company,
or
(ii) there
is
a merger, consolidation, or other business combination transaction of us with
or
into an other corporation, entity or person, other than a transaction in which
the holders of at least a majority of the shares of our voting capital stock
outstanding immediately prior to such transaction continue to hold (either
by
such shares remaining outstanding or by their being converted into shares of
voting capital stock of the surviving entity) a majority of the total voting
power represented by the shares of voting capital stock of our company (or
the
surviving entity) outstanding immediately after the transaction, or
(iii) all
or
substantially all of our assets are sold.
Stockholder
Rights and Option Transferability.
The
holder of an option or stock appreciation right will have no stockholder rights
with respect to the shares subject to that option or stock appreciation right
unless and until the holder exercises the option or stock appreciation right
and
becomes a holder of record of shares of common stock distributed upon exercise
of the award. Incentive options are not assignable or transferable other than
by
will or the laws of inheritance following the optionee’s death, and during the
optionee’s lifetime, may only be exercised by the optionee. However,
non-statutory options and stock appreciation rights may be transferred or
assigned during the holder’s lifetime to one or more members of the holder’s
family or to a trust established for the benefit of the holder and/or one or
more family members or to the holder’s former spouse, to the extent the transfer
is in connection with the holder’s estate plan or pursuant to a domestic
relations order.
A
participant will have certain stockholder rights with respect to shares of
common stock issued to the participant under the Stock Issuance Program, whether
or not the participant’s interest in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the
participant will have the right to vote the shares and to receive any regular
cash dividends paid on the shares, but will not have the right to transfer
the
shares prior to vesting. A participant will not have any stockholder rights
with
respect to the shares of common stock subject to restricted stock units or
other
stock-based awards until the awards vest and the shares of common stock are
actually issued. However, dividend-equivalent units may be paid or credited,
either in cash or in actual or phantom shares of common stock, on outstanding
restricted stock units or other stock-based awards, subject to terms and
conditions the plan administrator deems appropriate.
Changes
in Capitalization.
If any
change is made to the outstanding shares of common stock by reason of any
recapitalization, stock dividend, stock split, combination of shares, exchange
of shares or other change in corporate structure effected without our receipt
of
consideration, appropriate adjustments will be made to (i) the maximum number
and/or class of securities issuable under the 2006 Plan, (ii) the maximum number
and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted equity awards
under the 2006 Plan per calendar year, (iii) the number and/or class of
securities and the exercise price or base price per share in effect under each
outstanding option or stock appreciation right, and (iv) the number and/or
class
of securities subject to each outstanding restricted stock unit or other
stock-based award under the 2006 Plan and the cash consideration, if any,
payable per share. All adjustments will be designed to preclude any dilution
or
enlargement of benefits under the 2006 Plan and the outstanding equity awards
thereunder.
Special
Tax Election.
Subject
to applicable laws, rules and regulations, the plan administrator may permit
any
or all holders of equity awards to utilize any or all of the following methods
to satisfy all or part of the federal and state income and employment
withholding taxes to which they may become subject in connection with the
issuance, exercise or vesting of those equity awards:
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Stock
Withholding:
The election to have us withhold, from the shares otherwise issuable
upon
the issuance, exercise or vesting of an equity award, a portion of
those
shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the percentage
of the
withholding taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the holder and
make a
cash payment equal to the fair market value directly to the appropriate
taxing authorities on the individual’s behalf.
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Stock
Delivery:
The election to deliver to us certain shares of common stock previously
acquired by the holder (other than in connection with the issuance,
exercise or vesting that triggered the withholding taxes) with an
aggregate fair market value equal to the percentage of the withholding
taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the holder.
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Sale
and Remittance:
The election to deliver to us, to the extent the award is issued
or
exercised for vested shares, through a special sale and remittance
procedure pursuant to which the optionee or participant will concurrently
provide irrevocable instructions to a brokerage firm to effect the
immediate sale of the purchased or issued shares and remit to us,
out of
the sale proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds
to
cover the withholding taxes we are required to withhold by reason
of the
issuance, exercise or vesting.
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Amendment,
Suspension and Termination
Our
Board
may suspend or terminate the 2006 Plan at any time. Our Board may amend or
modify the 2006 Plan, subject to any required stockholder approval. Stockholder
approval will be required for any amendment that materially increases the number
of shares available for issuance under the 2006 Plan, materially expands the
class of individuals eligible to receive equity awards under the 2006 Plan,
materially increases the benefits accruing to optionees and other participants
under the 2006 Plan or materially reduces the price at which shares of common
stock may be issued or purchased under the 2006 Plan, materially extends the
term of the 2006 Plan, expands the types of awards available for issuance under
the 2006 Plan, or as to which stockholder approval is required by applicable
laws, rules or regulations.
Unless
sooner terminated by our Board, the 2006 Plan will terminate on the earliest
to
occur of: July 19, 2007, if stockholder approval of the 2006 Plan has not yet
been obtained; July 19, 2016; the date on which all shares available for
issuance under the 2006 Plan have been issued as fully-vested shares; and the
termination of all outstanding equity awards in connection with certain changes
in control or ownership. If the 2006 Plan terminates on July 19, 2006, then
all
equity awards outstanding at that time will continue to have force and effect
in
accordance with the provisions of the documents evidencing those awards.
Federal
Income Tax Consequences
The
following discussion summarizes income tax consequences of the 2006 Plan under
current federal income tax law and is intended for general information only.
In
addition, the tax consequences described below are subject to the limitations
of
Section 162(m), as discussed in further detail below. Other federal taxes and
foreign, state and local income taxes are not discussed, and may vary depending
upon individual circumstances and from locality to locality.
Option
Grants.
Options
granted under the 2006 Plan may be either incentive stock options, which satisfy
the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code, or non-statutory
stock options, which are not intended to meet those requirements. The federal
income tax treatment for the two types of options differs as follows:
Incentive
Stock Options.
No
taxable income is recognized by the optionee at the time of the option grant,
and, if there is no disqualifying disposition at the time of exercise, no
taxable income is recognized for regular tax purposes at the time the option
is
exercised, although taxable income may arise at that time for alternative
minimum tax purposes equal to the excess of the fair market value of the
purchased shares at the time over the exercise price paid for those
shares.
The
optionee will recognize taxable income in the year in which the purchased shares
are sold or otherwise made the subject of certain dispositions. For federal
tax
purposes, dispositions are divided into two categories: qualifying and
disqualifying. A qualifying disposition occurs if the sale or other disposition
is made more than two years after the date the option for the shares involved
in
the sale or disposition was granted and more than one year after the date the
option was exercised for those shares. If either of these two requirements
is
not satisfied, a disqualifying disposition will result.
Upon
a
qualifying disposition, the optionee will recognize long-term capital gain
in an
amount equal to the excess of the amount realized upon the sale or other
disposition of the purchased shares over the exercise price paid for the shares.
If there is a disqualifying disposition of the shares, the excess of the fair
market value of those shares on the exercise date over the exercise price paid
for the shares will be taxable as ordinary income to the optionee. Any
additional gain or any loss recognized upon the disposition will be taxable
as a
capital gain or capital loss.
If
the
optionee makes a disqualifying disposition of the purchased shares, we will
be
entitled to an income tax deduction, for our taxable year in which the
disposition occurs, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares
on the option exercise date over the exercise price paid for the shares. If
the
optionee makes a qualifying disposition, we will not be entitled to any income
tax deduction.
Non-Statutory
Stock Options.
No
taxable income is recognized by an optionee upon the grant of a non-statutory
option. The optionee will, in general, recognize ordinary income, in the year
in
which the option is exercised, equal to the excess of the fair market value
of
the purchased shares on the exercise date over the exercise price paid for
the
shares, and we will be required to collect certain withholding taxes applicable
to the income from the optionee.
We
will
be entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of any ordinary
income recognized by the optionee with respect to an exercised non-statutory
option. The deduction will in general be allowed for our taxable year in which
the ordinary income is recognized by the optionee.
If
the
shares acquired upon exercise of the non-statutory option are unvested and
subject to repurchase in the event of the optionee’s cessation of service prior
to vesting in those shares, the optionee will not recognize any taxable income
at the time of exercise but will have to report as ordinary income, as and
when
our repurchase right lapses, an amount equal to the excess of the fair market
value of the shares on the date the repurchase right lapses over the exercise
price paid for the shares. The optionee may elect under Section 83(b) of the
Internal Revenue Code to include as ordinary income in the year of exercise
of
the option an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the
purchased shares on the exercise date over the exercise price paid for the
shares. If a timely Section 83(b) election is made, the optionee will not
recognize any additional income as and when the repurchase right
lapses.
Stock
Appreciation Rights.
No
taxable income is recognized upon receipt of a stock appreciation right. The
holder will recognize ordinary income in the year in which the stock
appreciation right is exercised, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair
market value of the underlying shares of common stock on the exercise date
over
the base price in effect for the exercised right, and we will be required to
collect certain withholding taxes applicable to the income from the
holder.
We
will
be entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of any ordinary
income recognized by the holder in connection with the exercise of a stock
appreciation right. The deduction will in general be allowed for our taxable
year in which the ordinary income is recognized by the holder.
Direct
Stock Issuances. Stock
granted under the 2006 Plan may include issuances such as unrestricted stock
grants, restricted stock grants and restricted stock units. The federal income
tax treatment for such stock issuances are as follows:
Unrestricted
Stock Grants.
The
holder will recognize ordinary income in the year in which shares are actually
issued to the holder. The amount of that income will be equal to the fair market
value of the shares on the date of issuance, and we will be required to collect
certain withholding taxes applicable to the income from the holder.
We
will
be entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income
recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued. The deduction will
in general be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is
recognized by the holder.
Restricted
Stock Grants.
No
taxable income is recognized upon receipt of stock that qualifies as
performance-based compensation unless the recipient elects to have the value
of
the stock (without consideration of any effect of the vesting conditions)
included in income on the date of receipt. The recipient may elect under Section
83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code to include as ordinary income in the year
the
shares are actually issued an amount equal to the fair market value of the
shares. If a timely Section 83(b) election is made, the holder will not
recognize any additional income when the vesting conditions lapse and will
not
be entitled to a deduction in the event the stock is forfeited as a result
of
failure to vest.
If
the
holder does not file an election under Section 83(b), he will not recognize
income until the shares vest. At that time, the holder will recognize ordinary
income in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date
the
shares vest. We will be required to collect certain withholding taxes applicable
to the income of the holder at that time.
We
will
be entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income
recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued, if the holder elects
to file an election under Section 83(b), or we will be entitled to an
income tax deduction at the time the vesting conditions occur, if the holder
does not elect to file an election under Section 83(b).
Restricted
Stock Units.
No
taxable income is recognized upon receipt of a restricted stock unit award.
The
holder will recognize ordinary income in the year in which the shares subject
to
that unit are actually issued to the holder. The amount of that income will
be
equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, and we
will be required to collect certain withholding taxes applicable to the income
from the holder.
We
will
be entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income
recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued. The deduction will
in general be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is
recognized by the holder.
Deductibility
of Executive Compensation
We
anticipate that any compensation deemed paid by us in connection with
disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock option shares or the exercise
of
non-statutory stock options or stock appreciation rights with exercise prices
or
base prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the underlying
shares on the grant date will qualify as performance-based compensation for
purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code and will not have to
be
taken into account for purposes of the $1.0 million limitation per covered
individual on the deductibility of the compensation paid to certain executive
officers. Accordingly, all compensation deemed paid with respect to those
options or stock appreciation rights should remain deductible without limitation
under Section 162(m). However, any compensation deemed paid by us in connection
with shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program will be subject to the
$1.0
million limitation on deductibility per covered individual, except to the extent
the vesting of those shares is based solely on one or more of the performance
milestones specified above in the summary of the terms of the Stock Issuance
Program.
Accounting
Treatment
Pursuant
to the accounting standards established by Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or SFAS 123R, we are required to
recognize all share-based payments, including grants of stock options,
restricted stock units and employee stock purchase rights, in our financial
statements effective January 1, 2006. Accordingly, stock options that are
granted to our employees and non-employee Board members will have to be valued
at fair value as of the grant date under an appropriate valuation formula,
and
that value will have to be charged as stock-based compensation expense against
our reported GAAP earnings over the designated vesting period of the award.
Similar option expensing will be required for any unvested options outstanding
on January 1, 2006, with the grant date fair value of those unvested options
to
be expensed against our reported earnings over the remaining vesting period.
For
shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units awarded under the
2006 Plan, we will be required to expense over the vesting period a compensation
cost equal to the fair market value of the underlying shares on the date of
the
award. If any other shares are unvested at the time of their direct issuance,
the fair market value of those shares at that time will be charged to our
reported earnings ratably over the vesting period. This accounting treatment
for
restricted stock units and direct stock issuances will be applicable whether
vesting is tied to service periods or performance goals. The issuance of a
fully-vested stock bonus will result in an immediate charge to our earnings
equal to the fair market value of the bonus shares on the issuance date.
Stock
options and stock appreciation rights granted to non-employee consultants will
result in a direct charge to our reported earnings based on the fair value
of
the grant measured on the vesting date of each installment of the underlying
shares. Accordingly, the charge will take into account the appreciation in
the
fair value of the grant over the period between the grant date and the vesting
date of each installment comprising that grant.
New
Plan Benefits
Because
awards under the 2006 Plan are discretionary and no specific awards have been
approved by the plan administrator, no awards under the 2006 Plan are
determinable at this time; provided, that, under their executive employment
agreements, each of John T. Miller, our Chief Operating Officer, and Christopher
W. Wright, our Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary are to be issued
54,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to a restricted stock or restricted
stock unit award under an incentive plan to be instituted by us that will vest
as to 13,500 shares immediately and as to an additional 10,125 shares on each
of
the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the initial grant. We
expect that these awards will be issued under the 2006 Plan once it is approved
by our stockholders.
Other
Arrangements Not Subject to Stockholder Action
Information
regarding our other equity compensation plan arrangements that existed as of
the
end of 2005 is included in this Proxy Statement under the heading “Equity
Compensation Plan Information” and “Stock Option Plans.”
Interests
of Related Parties
The
2006
Plan provides that our officers, employees, non-employee directors, and certain
consultants and independent advisors will be eligible to receive awards under
the 2006 Plan. However, if this proposal is not approved by our stockholders,
then no awards will be made under the 2006 Plan unless stockholder approval
is
otherwise obtained by July 19, 2007.
As
discussed above, if stockholders approve this proposal, we may be eligible
in
certain circumstances to receive a tax deduction for certain executive
compensation resulting from awards under the 2006 Plan that would otherwise
be
disallowed under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code.
Possible
Anti-Takeover Effects
Although
not intended as an anti-takeover measure by our Board, one of the possible
effects of the 2006 Plan could be to place additional shares, and to increase
the percentage of the total number of shares outstanding, or to place other
incentive compensation, in the hands of the directors and officers of Pacific
Ethanol. Those persons may be viewed as part of, or friendly to, incumbent
management and may, therefore, under some circumstances be expected to make
investment and voting decisions in response to a hostile takeover attempt that
may serve to discourage or render more difficult the accomplishment of the
attempt.
In
addition, options or other incentive compensation may, in the discretion of
the
plan administrator, contain a provision providing for the acceleration of the
exercisability of outstanding, but unexercisable, installments upon the first
public announcement of a tender offer, merger, consolidation, sale of all or
substantially all of our assets, or other attempted changes in the control
of
Pacific Ethanol. In the opinion of our Board, this acceleration provision merely
ensures that optionees under the 2006 Plan will be able to exercise their
options or obtain their incentive compensation as intended by our Board and
stockholders prior to any extraordinary corporate transaction which might serve
to limit or restrict that right. Our Board is, however, presently unaware of
any
threat of hostile takeover involving Pacific Ethanol.
Required
Vote of Stockholders and Board Recommendation
Nasdaq
Market Place Rule 4350(i)(1)(A) generally requires us to obtain stockholder
approval of compensation plans pursuant to which our stock may be acquired
by
officers, directors, employees or consultants. The ratification and approval
of
the adoption of the 2006 Plan requires the affirmative votes of a majority
of
the votes of the shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock, voting
together as a single class, present at the 2006 annual meeting in person or
by
proxy and entitled to vote, which shares voting affirmatively must also
constitute at least a majority of the voting power required to constitute a
quorum.
OUR
BOARD
RECOMMENDS A VOTE “FOR” RATIFICATION AND APPROVAL OF THE ADOPTION OF THE 2006
PLAN.
RATIFICATION
OF SELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
(Proposal
3)
Our
Board
has selected and appointed the independent registered public accounting firm
of
Hein & Associates LLP to audit and comment on our financial statements for
the year ending December 31, 2006, and to conduct whatever audit functions
are
deemed necessary. Hein & Associates LLP audited our financial statements for
the year ended December 31, 2005 that were included in our most recent annual
report on Form 10-KSB.
Required
Vote of Stockholders and Board Recommendation
Although
a vote of stockholders is not required on this proposal, our Board is asking
our
stockholders to ratify the appointment of our independent registered public
accountants. The ratification of the selection and appointment of our
independent registered public accountants requires the affirmative votes of
a
majority of the votes of the shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred
Stock, voting together as a single class, present at the 2006 annual meeting
in
person or by proxy and entitled to vote, which shares voting affirmatively
must
also constitute at least a majority of the voting power required to constitute
a
quorum.
OUR
BOARD
RECOMMENDS THAT STOCKHOLDERS VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION AND
APPOINTMENT OF OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS.
OTHER
MATTERS
Our
Board
knows of no other matters to be brought before the 2006 annual meeting. However,
if other matters should come before the 2006 annual meeting, it is the intention
of the person named in the proxy to vote such proxy in accordance with his
or
her judgment on such matters.
STOCKHOLDER
PROPOSALS
Pursuant
to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, proposals by stockholders that are
intended for inclusion in our Proxy Statement and proxy card and to be presented
at our next annual meeting must be received by us no later than 120 calendar
days in advance of the one-year anniversary of the date of this Proxy Statement
in order to be considered for inclusion in our proxy materials relating to
the
next annual meeting. Such proposals shall be addressed to our corporate
Secretary at our corporate headquarters and may be included in next year’s
annual meeting proxy materials if they comply with rules and regulations of
the
Commission governing stockholder proposals.
Proposals
by stockholders that are not intended for inclusion in our proxy materials
may
be made by any stockholder who timely and completely complies with the notice
procedures contained in our bylaws, was a stockholder of record at the time
of
giving of notice and is entitled to vote at the meeting, so long as the proposal
is a proper matter for stockholder action and the stockholder otherwise complies
with the provisions of our bylaws and applicable law. However, stockholder
nominations of persons for election to our Board at a special meeting may only
be made if our Board has determined that directors are to be elected at the
special meeting.
To
be
timely, a stockholder’s notice regarding a proposal not intended for inclusion
in our proxy materials must be delivered to our secretary at our corporate
headquarters not later than:
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In
the case of an annual meeting, the close of business on the 45th
day
before the first anniversary of the date on which we first mailed
our
proxy materials for the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders.
However, if the date of the meeting has changed more than 30 days
from the
date of the prior year’s meeting, then in order for the stockholder’s
notice to be timely it must be delivered to our corporate Secretary
a
reasonable time before we mail our proxy materials for the current
year’s
meeting. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a “reasonable time”
coincides with any adjusted deadline we publicly
announce.
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In
the case of a special meeting, the close of business on the 7th day
following the day on which we first publicly announce the date of
the
special meeting.
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Except
as
otherwise provided by law, if the chairperson of the meeting determines that
a
nomination or any business proposed to be brought before a meeting was not
made
or proposed in accordance with the procedures set forth in our bylaws and
summarized above, the chairperson may prohibit the nomination or proposal from
being presented at the meeting.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
We
are
subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act. In accordance
with the Exchange Act, we file reports, Proxy Statements and other information
with the Commission. These materials can be inspected and copied at the Public
Reference Room maintained by the Commission at 100 F Street, N.E.,
Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation
of
the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our
common stock trades on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol
“PEIX.”
ANNUAL
REPORT
A
copy of
our annual report for the year ended December 31, 2005 accompanies this Proxy
Statement. The annual report is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy
Statement and is not deemed to be a part of our proxy solicitation
materials.
Copies
of
our annual report on Form 10-KSB (without exhibits) for the year ended December
31, 2005 will be furnished by first class mail, without charge to any person
from whom the accompanying proxy is solicited upon written or oral request
to
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 5711 N. West Avenue, Fresno, California 93711, Attention:
Investor Relations, telephone (559) 435-1771. If exhibit copies are
requested, a copying charge of $0.20 per page applies. In addition, all of
our
public filings, including our annual report, can be found free of charge on
the
website of Commission at http://www.sec.gov.
ALL
STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO COMPLETE, SIGN AND RETURN PROMPTLY THE ACCOMPANYING
PROXY CARD IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.
PROXY
FOR 2006 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
THIS
PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The
undersigned stockholder of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby
constitutes and appoints Neil M. Koehler, with the power to appoint his
substitute, as attorney and proxy to appear, attend and vote all of the shares
of common stock of the Company standing in the name of the undersigned on the
record date at the 2006 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company to be
held
at 9:00 a.m., local time, on September 7, 2006 at Pardini’s located at 2257 W.
Shaw Avenue ,
Fresno,
California 93711 and at any adjournment or adjournments thereof, upon the below
proposals. The Company’s Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” each of the
following proposals:
1. To
elect
seven directors to the Company’s Board of Directors as follows:
£
FOR all
nominees listed below,
except
£
WITHHOLD
AUTHORITY to
as marked to the contrary
below vote
for
all nominees listed below
|
|
(INSTRUCTION:
To withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee, strike
a line
through the nominee’s name in the list provided
below.)
|
William
L. Jones
Neil
M.
Koehler
Frank
P.
Greinke
Douglas
L. Kieta
John
L.
Prince
Terry
L.
Stone
Robert
P.
Thomas
2.
|
To
ratify and approve the adoption of our 2006 Stock Incentive
Plan.
|
£
FOR
approval £
AGAINST
approval £
ABSTAIN
3.
|
To
consider and vote upon a proposal to ratify the appointment of Hein
&
Associates LLP as independent registered public accountants of the
Company
for the year ending December 31,
2006.
|
£
FOR
approval £
AGAINST
approval £
ABSTAIN
4.
|
To
vote in his or her discretion on such other business as may properly
come
before the meeting, or any adjournment or adjournments thereof.
|
THIS
PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED BY THE
UNDERSIGNED STOCKHOLDER. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED
“FOR”
THE PROPOSALS INDICATED AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DISCRETION OF THE PROXY
HOLDER ON ANY OTHER BUSINESS. ALL OTHER PROXIES HERETOFORE GIVEN BY THE
UNDERSIGNED IN CONNECTION WITH THE ACTIONS PROPOSED ON THIS PROXY CARD ARE
HEREBY EXPRESSLY REVOKED. THIS PROXY MAY BE REVOKED AT ANY TIME BEFORE IT IS
VOTED BY WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY, BY ISSUANCE OF A
SUBSEQUENT PROXY OR BY VOTING IN PERSON AT THE ANNUAL
MEETING.
Please
mark, date, sign and return this proxy promptly in the enclosed envelope. When
shares are held by joint tenants, both should sign. When signing as attorney,
as
executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, please give full title as such.
If
a corporation, please sign in full corporate name by President or other
authorized officer. If a partnership, please sign in partnership name by
authorized person.
DATED:_______________________________
______________________________________
(Signature
of Stockholder(s))
______________________________________
(Print
Name(s) Here)
£ PLEASE
CHECK IF YOU ARE PLANNING
TO ATTEND THE 2006 ANNUAL MEETING.
APPENDIX
A
PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.
2006
STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
ARTICLE
ONE
GENERAL
PROVISIONS
This
2006
Stock Incentive Plan is intended to promote the interests of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc. by providing eligible persons in the Corporation’s service with the
opportunity to acquire a proprietary or economic interest, or otherwise increase
their proprietary or economic interest, in the Corporation as an incentive
for
them to remain in such service and render superior performance during such
service. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings
assigned to such terms in the attached Appendix.
II. |
Structure
of the Plan.
|
A.The
Plan
is divided into two equity-based incentive programs:
|
· |
the
Discretionary Grant Program, under which eligible persons may,
at the
discretion of the Plan Administrator, be granted options to purchase
shares of Common Stock or stock appreciation rights tied to the
value of
such Common Stock; and
|
|
· |
the
Stock Issuance Program, under which eligible persons may be issued
shares
of Common Stock pursuant to restricted stock or restricted stock
unit
awards or other stock-based awards, made by and at the discretion
of the
Plan Administrator, that vest upon the completion of a designated
service
period and/or the attainment of pre-established performance milestones,
or
under which shares of Common Stock may be issued through direct
purchase
or as a bonus for services rendered the Corporation (or any Parent
or
Subsidiary).
|
B.The
provisions of Articles
One and Four
shall
apply to all equity programs under the Plan and shall govern the interests
of
all persons under the Plan.
III. |
Administration
of the Plan.
|
A. The
Compensation Committee shall have sole and exclusive authority to administer
the
Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs, provided, however, that the
Board may retain, reassume or exercise from time to time the power to administer
those programs with respect to all persons. However, any discretionary Awards
to
members of the Compensation Committee must be authorized and approved by a
disinterested majority of the Board.
B. The
Plan
Administrator shall, within the scope of its administrative functions under
the
Plan, have full power and authority (subject to the provisions of the Plan)
to
establish such rules and regulations as it may deem appropriate for proper
administration of the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs and to
make such determinations under, and issue such interpretations of, the
provisions of those programs and any outstanding Awards thereunder as it may
deem necessary or advisable. Decisions of the Plan Administrator within the
scope of its administrative functions under the Plan shall be final and binding
on all parties who have an interest in the Discretionary Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs under its jurisdiction or any Award thereunder.
C. Service
on the Compensation Committee shall constitute service as a Board member, and
members of each such committee shall accordingly be entitled to full
indemnification and reimbursement as Board members for their service on such
committee. No member of the Compensation Committee shall be liable for any
act
or omission made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award under
the
Plan.
A.The
persons eligible to participate in the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance
Programs are as follows:
(i) Employees;
(ii) non-employee
members of the Board or the board of directors of any Parent or Subsidiary;
and
(iii) Consultants.
B. The
Plan
Administrator shall, within the scope of its administrative jurisdiction under
the Plan, have full authority to determine (i) with respect to Awards made
under
the Discretionary Grant Program, which eligible persons are to receive such
Awards, the time or times when those Awards are to be made, the number of shares
to be covered by each such Award, the status of any awarded option as either
an
Incentive Option or a Non-Statutory Option, the exercise price per share in
effect for each Award (subject to the limitations set forth in Article
Two),
the
time or times when each Award is to vest and become exercisable and the maximum
term for which the Award is to remain outstanding, and (ii) with respect to
Awards under the Stock Issuance Program, which eligible persons are to receive
such Awards, the time or times when the Awards are to be made, the number of
shares subject to each such Award, the vesting schedule (if any) applicable
to
the shares subject to such Award, and the cash consideration (if any) payable
for such shares.
C. The
Plan
Administrator shall have the absolute discretion to grant options or stock
appreciation rights in accordance with the Discretionary Grant Program and
to
effect stock issuances or other stock-based awards in accordance with the Stock
Issuance Program.
V. |
Stock
Subject to the Plan.
|
A. The
stock
issuable under the Plan shall be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired
Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Corporation on the open
market. Subject to any additional shares authorized by the vote of the Board
and
approved by the stockholders, as of July 19, 2006, the number of shares of
Common Stock reserved for issuance over the term of the Plan shall not exceed
2,000,000 shares. Any or all of the shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance
under the Plan shall be authorized for issuance pursuant to Incentive Options
or
other Awards.
B. No
one
person participating in the Plan may be granted Awards for more than 250,000
shares of Common Stock in the aggregate per calendar year.
C. Shares
of
Common Stock subject to outstanding Awards under the Plan shall be available
for
subsequent issuance under the Plan to the extent (i) those Awards expire or
terminate for any reason prior to the issuance of the shares of Common Stock
subject to those Awards or (ii) the Awards are cancelled in accordance with
the
cancellation-regrant provisions of Article
Two.
Unvested shares issued under the Plan and subsequently cancelled or repurchased
by the Corporation at the original exercise or issue price paid per share
pursuant to the Corporation’s repurchase rights under the Plan shall be added
back to the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the
Plan and shall accordingly be available for subsequent reissuance under the
Plan. In addition, should the exercise price of an option under the Plan be
paid
with shares of Common Stock, the authorized reserve of Common Stock under the
Plan shall be reduced only by the net number of shares issued under the
exercised stock option. Should shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable under
the Plan be withheld by the Corporation in satisfaction of the withholding
taxes
incurred in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting of an Award under
the Plan, the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under
the
Plan shall be reduced only by the net number of shares issued with respect
to
that Award.
D. If
any
change is made to the Common Stock by reason of any stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change
affecting the outstanding Common Stock as a class without the Corporation’s
receipt of consideration, appropriate adjustments shall be made by the Plan
Administrator to (i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable
under the Plan, (ii) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which
any
one person may be granted Awards under the Plan per calendar year, (iii) the
number and/or class of securities and the exercise or base price per share
(or
any other cash consideration payable per share) in effect under each outstanding
Award under the Discretionary Grant Program, and (iv) the number and/or class
of
securities subject to each outstanding Award under the Stock Issuance Program
and the cash consideration (if any) payable per share thereunder. To the extent
such adjustments are to be made to outstanding Awards, those adjustments shall
be effected in a manner that shall preclude the enlargement or dilution of
rights and benefits under those Awards. The adjustments determined by the Plan
Administrator shall be final, binding and conclusive.
ARTICLE
TWO
DISCRETIONARY
GRANT PROGRAM
Each
option shall be evidenced by one or more documents in the form approved by
the
Plan Administrator; provided, however, that each such document shall comply
with
the terms specified below. Each document evidencing an Incentive Option shall,
in addition, be subject to the provisions of the Plan applicable to such
options.
A. Exercise
Price.
1. The
exercise price per share shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator but shall
not
be less than 85% of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.
2. The
exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of the option and
shall be payable in one or more of the following forms that the Plan
Administrator may deem appropriate in each individual instance:
(i) cash
or
check made payable to the Corporation;
(ii) shares
of
Common Stock valued at Fair Market Value on the Exercise Date and held for
the
period (if any) necessary to avoid any additional charges to the Corporation’s
earnings for financial reporting purposes; or
(iii) to
the
extent the option is exercised for vested shares, through a special sale and
remittance procedure pursuant to which the Optionee shall concurrently provide
irrevocable instructions to (a) a brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale
of
the purchased shares and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale proceeds
available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the aggregate
exercise price payable for the purchased shares plus all applicable federal,
state and local income and employment taxes required to be withheld by the
Corporation by reason of such exercise and (b) the Corporation to deliver the
certificates for the purchased shares directly to such brokerage firm to
complete the sale.
Except
to
the extent such sale and remittance procedure is utilized, payment of the
exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.
B. Exercise
and Term of Options.
Each
option shall be exercisable at such time or times, during such period and for
such number of shares as shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and
set
forth in the documents evidencing the option. However, no option shall have
a
term in excess of ten years measured from the option grant date.
C. Effect
of Termination of Service.
1. The
following provisions shall govern the exercise of any options held by the
Optionee at the time of cessation of Service or death:
(i) Any
option outstanding at the time of the Optionee’s cessation of Service for any
reason shall remain exercisable for such period of time thereafter as shall
be
determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing
the option or as otherwise specifically authorized by the Plan Administrator
in
its sole discretion pursuant to an express written agreement with Optionee,
but
no such option shall be exercisable after the expiration of the option
term.
(ii) Any
option held by the Optionee at the time of death and exercisable in whole or
in
part at that time may be subsequently exercised by the personal representative
of the Optionee’s estate or by the person or persons to whom the option is
transferred pursuant to the Optionee’s will or the laws of inheritance or by the
Optionee’s designated beneficiary or beneficiaries of that option.
(iii) During
the applicable post-Service exercise period, the option may not be exercised
in
the aggregate for more than the number of vested shares for which that option
is
at the time exercisable. No additional shares shall vest under the option
following the Optionee’s cessation of Service, except to the extent (if any)
specifically authorized by the Plan Administrator in its sole discretion
pursuant to an express written agreement with Optionee. Upon the expiration
of
the applicable exercise period or (if earlier) upon the expiration of the option
term, the option shall terminate and cease to be outstanding for any shares
for
which the option has not been exercised.
2. The
Plan
Administrator shall have complete discretion, exercisable either at the time
an
option is granted or at any time while the option remains outstanding, to:
(i) extend
the period of time for which the option is to remain exercisable following
the
Optionee’s cessation of Service from the limited exercise period otherwise in
effect for that option to such greater period of time as the Plan Administrator
shall deem appropriate, but in no event beyond the expiration of the option
term, and/or
(ii) permit
the option to be exercised, during the applicable post-Service exercise period,
not only with respect to the number of vested shares of Common Stock for which
such option is exercisable at the time of the Optionee’s cessation of Service
but also with respect to one or more additional installments in which the
Optionee would have vested had the Optionee continued in Service.
D. Stockholder
Rights.
The
holder of an option shall have no stockholder rights with respect to the shares
subject to the option until such person shall have exercised the option, paid
the exercise price and become a holder of record of the purchased shares.
E. Repurchase
Rights.
The
Plan Administrator shall have the discretion to grant options that are
exercisable for unvested shares of Common Stock. Should the Optionee cease
Service while holding such unvested shares, the Corporation shall have the
right
to repurchase, at the exercise price paid per share, any or all of those
unvested shares. The terms upon which such repurchase right shall be exercisable
(including the period and procedure for exercise and the appropriate vesting
schedule for the purchased shares) shall be established by the Plan
Administrator and set forth in the document evidencing such repurchase
right.
F. Transferability
of Options.
The
transferability of options granted under the Plan shall be governed by the
following provisions:
(i)
Incentive
Options.
During
the lifetime of the Optionee, Incentive Options shall be exercisable only by
the
Optionee and shall not be assignable or transferable other than by will or
the
laws of inheritance following the Optionee’s death.
(ii)
Non-Statutory
Options.
Non-Statutory Options shall be subject to the same limitation on transfer as
Incentive Options, except that the Plan Administrator may structure one or
more
Non-Statutory Options so that the option may be assigned in whole or in part
during the Optionee’s lifetime to one or more Family Members of the Optionee or
to a trust established exclusively for the Optionee and/or one or more such
Family Members, to the extent such assignment is in connection with the
Optionee’s estate plan or pursuant to a domestic relations order. The assigned
portion may only be exercised by the person or persons who acquire a proprietary
interest in the option pursuant to the assignment. The terms applicable to
the
assigned portion shall be the same as those in effect for the option immediately
prior to such assignment and shall be set forth in such documents issued to
the
assignee as the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate.
(iii)
Beneficiary
Designations.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionee may designate one or more persons
as
the beneficiary or beneficiaries of his or her outstanding options under this
Article
Two
(whether
Incentive Options or Non-Statutory Options), and those options shall, in
accordance with such designation, automatically be transferred to such
beneficiary or beneficiaries upon the Optionee’s death while holding those
options. Such beneficiary or beneficiaries shall take the transferred options
subject to all the terms and conditions of the applicable agreement evidencing
each such transferred option, including (without limitation) the limited time
period during which the option may be exercised following the Optionee’s
death.
The
terms
specified below, together with any additions, deletions or changes thereto
imposed from time to time pursuant to the provisions of the Code governing
Incentive Options, shall be applicable to all Incentive Options. Except as
modified by the provisions of this Section
II,
all the
provisions of Articles
One, Two and Four
shall be
applicable to Incentive Options. Options that are specifically designated as
Non-Statutory Options when issued under the Plan shall not be subject to the
terms of this Section
II.
A. Eligibility.
Incentive Options may only be granted to Employees.
B. Exercise
Price.
The
exercise price per share shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value
per share of Common Stock on the option grant date.
C. Dollar
Limitation.
The
aggregate Fair Market Value of the shares of Common Stock (determined as of
the
respective date or dates of grant) for which one or more options granted to
any
Employee under the Plan (or any other option plan of the Corporation or any
Parent or Subsidiary) may for the first time become exercisable as Incentive
Options during any one calendar year shall not exceed the sum of One Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($100,000). To the extent the Employee holds two or more such
options which become exercisable for the first time in the same calendar year,
then for purposes of the foregoing limitation on the exercisability of those
options as Incentive Options, such options shall be deemed to become first
exercisable in that calendar year on the basis of the chronological order in
which they were granted, except to the extent otherwise provided under
applicable law or regulation.
D. 10%
Stockholder.
If any
Employee to whom an Incentive Option is granted is a 10% Stockholder, then
the
exercise price per share shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value
per share of Common Stock on the option grant date, and the option term shall
not exceed five years measured from the option grant date.
III. |
Stock
Appreciation Rights.
|
A. Authority.
The
Plan Administrator shall have full power and authority, exercisable in its
sole
discretion, to grant stock appreciation rights in accordance with this
Section
III
to
selected Optionees or other individuals eligible to receive option grants under
the Discretionary Grant Program.
B. Types.
Three
types of stock appreciation rights shall be authorized for issuance under this
Section
III:
(i)
tandem stock appreciation rights (“Tandem
Rights”),
(ii)
standalone stock appreciation rights (“Standalone
Rights”)
and
(iii) limited stock appreciation rights (“Limited
Rights”).
C. Tandem
Rights.
The
following terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise of Tandem
Rights.
1. One
or
more Optionees may be granted a Tandem Right, exercisable upon such terms and
conditions as the Plan Administrator may establish, to elect between the
exercise of the underlying stock option for shares of Common Stock or the
surrender of that option in exchange for a distribution from the Corporation
in
an amount equal to the excess of (i) the Fair Market Value (on the option
surrender date) of the number of shares in which the Optionee is at the time
vested under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (ii)
the aggregate exercise price payable for such vested shares.
2. No
such
option surrender shall be effective unless it is approved by the Plan
Administrator, either at the time of the actual option surrender or at any
earlier time. If the surrender is so approved, then the distribution to which
the Optionee shall accordingly become entitled under this Section
III
may be
made in shares of Common Stock valued at Fair Market Value on the option
surrender date, in cash, or partly in shares and partly in cash, as the Plan
Administrator shall in its sole discretion deem appropriate.
3. If
the
surrender of an option is not approved by the Plan Administrator, then the
Optionee shall retain whatever rights the Optionee had under the surrendered
option (or surrendered portion thereof) on the option surrender date and may
exercise such rights at any time prior to the later of (i) five business days
after the receipt of the rejection notice or (ii) the last day on which the
option is otherwise exercisable in accordance with the terms of the instrument
evidencing such option, but in no event may such rights be exercised more than
ten years after the date of the option grant.
D. Standalone
Rights. The following terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise
of Standalone Rights under this Article
Two:
1. One
or
more individuals eligible to participate in the Discretionary Grant Program
may
be granted a Standalone Right not tied to any underlying option under this
Discretionary Grant Program. The Standalone Right shall relate to a specified
number of shares of Common Stock and shall be exercisable upon such terms and
conditions as the Plan Administrator may establish. In no event, however, may
the Standalone Right have a maximum term in excess of ten years measured from
the grant date. Upon exercise of the Standalone Right, the holder shall be
entitled to receive a distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal
to
the excess of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value (on the exercise date) of
the
shares of Common Stock underlying the exercised right over (ii) the aggregate
base price in effect for those shares.
2. The
number of shares of Common Stock underlying each Standalone Right and the base
price in effect for those shares shall be determined by the Plan Administrator
in its sole discretion at the time the Standalone Right is granted. In no event,
however, may the base price per share be less than the Fair Market Value per
underlying share of Common Stock on the grant date.
3. Standalone
Rights shall be subject to the same transferability restrictions applicable
to
Non-Statutory Options and may not be transferred during the holder’s lifetime,
except to one or more Family Members of the holder or to a trust established
exclusively for the holder and/or such Family Members, to the extent such
assignment is in connection with the holder’s estate plan or pursuant to a
domestic relations order covering the Standalone Right as marital property.
In
addition, one or more beneficiaries may be designated for an outstanding
Standalone Right in accordance with substantially the same terms and provisions
as set forth in Section
I.F
of this
Article
Two.
4. The
distribution with respect to an exercised Standalone Right may be made in shares
of Common Stock valued at Fair Market Value on the exercise date, in cash,
or
partly in shares and partly in cash, as the Plan Administrator shall in its
sole
discretion deem appropriate.
5. The
holder of a Standalone Right shall have no stockholder rights with respect
to
the shares subject to the Standalone Right unless and until such person shall
have exercised the Standalone Right and become a holder of record of shares
of
Common Stock issued upon the exercise of such Standalone Right.
E. Limited
Rights.
The
following terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise of Limited
Rights under this Article
Two:
1. One
or
more Section 16 Insiders may, in the Plan Administrator’s sole discretion, be
granted Limited Rights with respect to their outstanding options under this
Article
Two.
2. Upon
the
occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over, the Section 16 Insider shall have the
unconditional right (exercisable for a 30-day period following such Hostile
Take-Over) to surrender each option with such a Limited Right to the
Corporation. The Section 16 Insider shall in return be entitled to a cash
distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the
Take-Over Price of the number of shares in which the Optionee is at the time
vested under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (ii)
the aggregate exercise price payable for those vested shares. Such cash
distribution shall be made within five days following the option surrender
date.
3. The
Plan
Administrator shall pre-approve, at the time such Limited Right is granted,
the
subsequent exercise of that right in accordance with the terms of the grant
and
the provisions of this Section
III.
No
additional approval of the Plan Administrator or the Board shall be required
at
the time of the actual option surrender and cash distribution. Any unsurrendered
portion of the option shall continue to remain outstanding and become
exercisable in accordance with the terms of the instrument evidencing such
grant.
F. Post-Service
Exercise.
The
provisions governing the exercise of Tandem, Standalone and Limited Stock
Appreciation Rights following the cessation of the recipient’s Service or the
recipient’s death shall be substantially the same as those set forth in
Section
I.C
of this
Article
Two
for the
options granted under the Discretionary Grant Program.
G. Net
Counting.
Upon
the exercise of any Tandem, Standalone or Limited Right under this Section
III,
the
share reserve under Section
V
of
Article
One
shall
only be reduced by the net number of shares actually issued by the Corporation
upon such exercise, and not by the gross number of shares as to which such
Tandem, Standalone or Limited Right is exercised.
IV. |
Change
in Control/ Hostile Take-Over.
|
A. No
Award
outstanding under the Discretionary Grant Program at the time of a Change in
Control shall vest and become exercisable on an accelerated basis if and to
the
extent that: (i) such Award is, in connection with the Change in Control,
assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continued
in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control
transaction, (ii) such Award is replaced with a cash retention program of the
successor corporation that preserves the spread existing at the time of the
Change in Control on the shares of Common Stock as to which the Award is not
otherwise at that time vested and exercisable and provides for subsequent payout
of that spread in accordance with the same exercise/vesting schedule applicable
to those shares, or (iii) the acceleration of such Award is subject to other
limitations imposed by the Plan Administrator. However, if none of the foregoing
conditions are satisfied, each Award outstanding under the Discretionary Grant
Program at the time of the Change in Control but not otherwise vested and
exercisable as to all the shares at the time subject to that Award shall
automatically accelerate so that each such Award shall, immediately prior to
the
effective date of the Change in Control, vest and become exercisable as to
all
the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to that Award and may be
exercised as to any or all of those shares as fully vested shares of Common
Stock.
B. All
outstanding repurchase rights under the Discretionary Grant Program shall also
terminate automatically, and the shares of Common Stock subject to those
terminated rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Change
in
Control, except to the extent: (i) those repurchase rights are assigned to
the
successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continue in full force
and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control transaction or (ii)
such accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations imposed by the Plan
Administrator.
C. Immediately
following the consummation of the Change in Control, all outstanding Awards
under the Discretionary Grant Program shall terminate and cease to be
outstanding, except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or
parent thereof) or otherwise expressly continued in full force and effect
pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control transaction.
D. Each
option that is assumed in connection with a Change in Control or otherwise
continued in effect shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such
Change in Control, to apply to the number and class of securities that would
have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Change in Control
had
the option been exercised immediately prior to such Change in Control. In the
event outstanding Standalone Rights are to be assumed in connection with a
Change in Control transaction or otherwise continued in effect, the shares
of
Common Stock underlying each such Standalone Right shall be adjusted immediately
after such Change in Control to apply to the number and class of securities
into
which those shares of Common Stock would have been converted in consummation
of
such Change in Control had those shares actually been outstanding at that time.
Appropriate adjustments to reflect such Change in Control shall also be made
to
(i) the exercise price payable per share under each outstanding option, provided
the aggregate exercise price payable for such securities shall remain the same,
(ii) the base price per share in effect under each outstanding Standalone Right,
provided the aggregate base price shall remain the same, (iii) the maximum
number and/or class of securities available for issuance over the remaining
term
of the Plan, and (iv) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which
any one person may be granted Awards under the Plan per calendar year. To the
extent the actual holders of the Corporation’s outstanding Common Stock receive
cash consideration for their Common Stock in consummation of the Change in
Control, the successor corporation may, in connection with the assumption or
continuation of the outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program,
substitute, for the securities underlying those assumed Awards, one or more
shares of its own common stock with a fair market value equivalent to the cash
consideration paid per share of Common Stock in such Change in Control
transaction.
E. The
Plan
Administrator shall have the discretionary authority to structure one or more
outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those Awards
shall, immediately prior to the effective date of a Change in Control or a
Hostile Take-Over, vest and become exercisable as to all the shares at the
time
subject to those Awards and may be exercised as to any or all of those shares
as
fully vested shares of Common Stock, whether or not those Awards are to be
assumed or otherwise continued in full force and effect pursuant to the express
terms of such transaction. In addition, the Plan Administrator shall have the
discretionary authority to structure one or more of the Corporation’s repurchase
rights under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those rights shall
immediately terminate at the time of such Change in Control or consummation
of
such Hostile Take-Over and shall not be assignable to successor corporation
(or
parent thereof), and the shares subject to those terminated rights shall
accordingly vest in full at the time of such Change in Control or consummation
of such Hostile Take-Over.
F. The
Plan
Administrator shall have full power and authority to structure one or more
outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those Awards
shall immediately vest and become exercisable as to all of the shares at the
time subject to those Awards in the event the Optionee’s Service is subsequently
terminated by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period
(not to exceed 18 months) following the effective date of any Change in Control
or a Hostile Take-Over in which those Awards do not otherwise vest on an
accelerated basis. Any Awards so accelerated shall remain exercisable as to
fully vested shares until the expiration or sooner termination of their term.
In
addition, the Plan Administrator may structure one or more of the Corporation’s
repurchase rights under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those rights
shall immediately terminate with respect to any shares held by the Optionee
at
the time of his or her Involuntary Termination, and the shares subject to those
terminated repurchase rights shall accordingly vest in full at that time.
G. The
portion of any Incentive Option accelerated in connection with a Change in
Control shall remain exercisable as an Incentive Option only to the extent
the
applicable One Hundred Thousand Dollar ($100,000) limitation is not exceeded.
To
the extent such dollar limitation is exceeded, the accelerated portion of such
option shall be exercisable as a Non-Statutory Option under the federal tax
laws.
H. Awards
outstanding under the Discretionary Grant Program shall in no way affect the
right of the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change
its capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate
or sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.
V. |
Exchange/
Repricing Programs.
|
A. The
Plan
Administrator shall have the authority to effect, at any time and from time
to
time, with the consent of the affected holders, the cancellation of any or
all
outstanding options or stock appreciation rights under the Discretionary Grant
Program and to grant in exchange one or more of the following: (i) new options
or stock appreciation rights covering the same or a different number of shares
of Common Stock but with an exercise or base price per share not less than
the
Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the new grant date or (ii) cash
or shares of Common Stock, whether vested or unvested, equal in value to the
value of the cancelled options or stock appreciation rights.
B. The
Plan
Administrator shall also have the authority, exercisable at any time and from
time to time, with or, if the affected holder is not a Section 16 Insider,
then
without, the consent of the affected holders, to reduce the exercise or base
price of one or more outstanding stock options or stock appreciation rights
to a
price not less than the then current Fair Market Value per share of Common
Stock
or issue new stock options or stock appreciation rights with a lower exercise
or
base price in immediate cancellation of outstanding stock options or stock
appreciation rights with a higher exercise or base price.
ARTICLE
THREE
STOCK
ISSUANCE PROGRAM
A. Issuances.
Shares
of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program through direct
and immediate issuances without any intervening option grants. Each such stock
issuance shall be evidenced by a Stock Issuance Agreement that complies with
the
terms specified below. Shares of Common Stock may also be issued under the
Stock
Issuance Program pursuant to restricted stock awards or restricted stock units,
awarded by and at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, that entitle the
recipients to receive the shares underlying those awards or units upon the
attainment of designated performance goals and/or the satisfaction of specified
Service requirements or upon the expiration of a designated time period
following the vesting of those awards or units.
B. Issue
Price.
1. The
price
per share at which shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance
Program shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator, but shall not be less than
100% of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the issuance date.
2. Shares
of
Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program for any of the
following items of consideration that the Plan Administrator may deem
appropriate in each individual instance:
(i) cash
or
check made payable to the Corporation;
(ii) past
services rendered to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary);
or
(iii) any
other
valid form of consideration permissible under the Delaware Corporations Code
at
the time such shares are issued.
C. Vesting
Provisions.
1. Shares
of
Common Stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program may, in the discretion
of
the Plan Administrator, be fully and immediately vested upon issuance or may
vest in one or more installments over the Participant’s period of Service and/or
upon attainment of specified performance objectives. The elements of the vesting
schedule applicable to any unvested shares of Common Stock issued under the
Stock Issuance Program shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and
incorporated into the Stock Issuance Agreement. Shares of Common Stock may
also
be issued under the Stock Issuance Program pursuant to restricted stock awards
or restricted stock units that entitle the recipients to receive the shares
underlying those awards and/or units upon the attainment of designated
performance goals or the satisfaction of specified Service requirements or
upon
the expiration of a designated time period following the vesting of those awards
or units, including (without limitation) a deferred distribution date following
the termination of the Participant’s Service.
2. The
Plan
Administrator shall also have the discretionary authority, consistent with
Code
Section 162(m), to structure one or more Awards under the Stock Issuance Program
so that the shares of Common Stock subject to those Awards shall vest (or vest
and become issuable) upon the achievement of certain pre-established corporate
performance goals based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) return
on
total stockholders’ equity; (ii) net income per share of Common Stock; (iii) net
income or operating income; (iv) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation,
amortization and stock-compensation costs, or operating income before
depreciation and amortization; (v) sales or revenue targets; (vi) return on
assets, capital or investment; (vii) cash flow; (viii) market share; (ix) cost
reduction goals; (x) budget comparisons; (xi) implementation or completion
of
projects or processes strategic or critical to the Corporation’s business
operations; (xii) measures of customer satisfaction; (xiii) any combination
of,
or a specified increase in, any of the foregoing; and (xiv) the formation of
joint ventures, research and development collaborations, marketing or customer
service collaborations, or the completion of other corporate transactions
intended to enhance the Corporation’s revenue or profitability or expand its
customer base; provided, however, that for purposes of items (ii), (iii) and
(vii) above, the Plan Administrator may, at the time the Awards are made,
specify certain adjustments to such items as reported in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”),
which
will exclude from the calculation of those performance goals one or more of
the
following: certain charges related to acquisitions, stock-based compensation,
employer payroll tax expense on certain stock option exercises, settlement
costs, restructuring costs, gains or losses on strategic investments,
non-operating gains or losses, certain other non-cash charges, valuation
allowance on deferred tax assets, and the related income tax effects, purchases
of property and equipment, and any extraordinary non-recurring items as
described in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 or its successor,
provided that such adjustments are in conformity with those reported by the
Corporation on a non-GAAP basis. In addition, such performance goals may be
based upon the attainment of specified levels of the Corporation’s performance
under one or more of the measures described above relative to the performance
of
other entities and may also be based on the performance of any of the
Corporation’s business groups or divisions thereof or any Parent or Subsidiary.
Performance goals may include a minimum threshold level of performance below
which no award will be earned, levels of performance at which specified portions
of an award will be earned, and a maximum level of performance at which an
award
will be fully earned. The Plan Administrator may provide that, if the actual
level of attainment for any performance objective is between two specified
levels, the amount of the award attributable to that performance objective
shall
be interpolated on a straight-line basis.
3. Any
new,
substituted or additional securities or other property (including money paid
other than as a regular cash dividend) that the Participant may have the right
to receive with respect to the Participant’s unvested shares of Common Stock by
reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, combination of
shares, exchange of shares or other change affecting the outstanding Common
Stock as a class without the Corporation’s receipt of consideration shall be
issued subject to (i) the same vesting requirements applicable to the
Participant’s unvested shares of Common Stock and (ii) such escrow arrangements
as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate.
4. The
Participant shall have full stockholder rights with respect to any shares of
Common Stock issued to the Participant under the Stock Issuance Program, whether
or not the Participant’s interest in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the
Participant shall have the right to vote such shares and to receive any regular
cash dividends paid on such shares. The Participant shall not have any
stockholder rights with respect to the shares of Common Stock subject to a
restricted stock unit or restricted stock award until that award vests and
the
shares of Common Stock are actually issued thereunder. However,
dividend-equivalent units may be paid or credited, either in cash or in actual
or phantom shares of Common Stock, on outstanding restricted stock unit or
restricted stock awards, subject to such terms and conditions as the Plan
Administrator may deem appropriate.
5. Should
the Participant cease to remain in Service while holding one or more unvested
shares of Common Stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program or should the
performance objectives not be attained with respect to one or more such unvested
shares of Common Stock, then except as set forth in Section
I.C.6
of this
Article
Three,
those
shares shall be immediately surrendered to the Corporation for cancellation,
and
the Participant shall have no further stockholder rights with respect to those
shares. To the extent the surrendered shares were previously issued to the
Participant for consideration paid in cash, cash equivalent or otherwise, the
Corporation shall repay to the Participant the same amount and form of
consideration as the Participant paid for the surrendered shares.
6. The
Plan
Administrator may in its discretion waive the surrender and cancellation of
one
or more unvested shares of Common Stock that would otherwise occur upon the
cessation of the Participant’s Service or the non-attainment of the performance
objectives applicable to those shares. Any such waiver shall result in the
immediate vesting of the Participant’s interest in the shares of Common Stock as
to which the waiver applies. Such waiver may be effected at any time, whether
before or after the Participant’s cessation of Service or the attainment or
non-attainment of the applicable performance objectives. However, no vesting
requirements tied to the attainment of performance objectives may be waived
with
respect to shares that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as
performance-based compensation under Code Section 162(m), except in the event
of
the Participant’s Involuntary Termination or as otherwise provided in
Section
II.E
of this
Article
Three.
7. Outstanding
restricted stock awards or restricted stock units under the Stock Issuance
Program shall automatically terminate, and no shares of Common Stock shall
actually be issued in satisfaction of those awards or units, if the performance
goals or Service requirements established for such awards or units are not
attained or satisfied. The Plan Administrator, however, shall have the
discretionary authority to issue vested shares of Common Stock under one or
more
outstanding restricted stock awards or restricted stock units as to which the
designated performance goals or Service requirements have not been attained
or
satisfied. However, no vesting requirements tied to the attainment of
performance goals may be waived with respect to awards or units which were
at
the time of grant intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under
Code Section 162(m), except in the event of the Participant’s Involuntary
Termination or as otherwise provided in Section
II.E
of this
Article
Three.
II. |
Change
in Control/ Hostile Take-Over.
|
A. All
of
the Corporation’s outstanding repurchase rights under the Stock Issuance Program
shall terminate automatically, and all the shares of Common Stock subject to
those terminated rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any
Change in Control, except to the extent (i) those repurchase rights are to
be
assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continued
in full force and effect pursuant to the express terms of the Change in Control
transaction or (ii) such accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations
imposed in the Stock Issuance Agreement.
B. Each
outstanding Award under the Stock Issuance Program that is assumed in connection
with a Change in Control or otherwise continued in effect shall be adjusted
immediately after the consummation of that Change in Control to apply to the
number and class of securities into which the shares of Common Stock subject
to
the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control would have been converted
in consummation of such Change in Control had those shares actually been
outstanding at that time, and appropriate adjustments shall also be made to
the
cash consideration (if any) payable per share thereunder, provided the aggregate
amount of such consideration shall remain the same. If any such Award is not
so
assumed or otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention
program which preserves the Fair Market Value of the shares underlying the
Award
at the time of the Change in Control and provides for the subsequent payout
of
that value in accordance with the vesting schedule in effect for the Award
at
the time of such Change in Control, such Award shall vest, and the shares of
Common Stock subject to that Award shall be issued as fully-vested shares,
immediately prior to the consummation of the Change in Control.
C. The
Plan
Administrator shall have the discretionary authority to structure one or more
unvested Awards under the Stock Issuance Program so that the shares of Common
Stock subject to those Awards shall automatically vest (or vest and become
issuable) in whole or in part immediately upon the occurrence of a Change in
Control or upon the subsequent termination of the Participant’s Service by
reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed
18 months) following the effective date of that Change in Control transaction.
D. The
Plan
Administrator shall also have the discretionary authority to structure one
or
more unvested Awards under the Stock Issuance Program so that the shares of
Common Stock subject to those Awards shall automatically vest (or vest and
become issuable) in whole or in part immediately upon the occurrence of a
Hostile Take-Over or upon the subsequent termination of the Participant’s
Service by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period
(not
to exceed 18 months) following the effective date of that Hostile Take-Over.
E. The
Plan
Administrator’s authority under Paragraphs C and D of this Section
II
shall
also extend to any Award intended to qualify as performance-based compensation
under Code Section 162(m), even though the automatic vesting of those Awards
pursuant to Paragraph C or D of this Section
II
may
result in their loss of performance-based status under Code Section 162(m).
F. Awards
outstanding under the Stock Issuance Program shall in no way affect the right
of
the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its
capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate
or
sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.
ARTICLE
FOUR
MISCELLANEOUS
A. The
Corporation’s obligation to deliver shares of Common Stock upon the issuance,
exercise or vesting of Awards under the Plan shall be subject to the
satisfaction of all applicable federal, state and local income and employment
tax withholding requirements.
B. Subject
to applicable laws, rules and regulations and policies of the Corporation,
the
Plan Administrator may, in its discretion, provide any or all Optionees or
Participants to whom Awards are made under the Plan with the right to utilize
any or all of the following methods to satisfy all or part of the Withholding
Taxes to which those holders may become subject in connection with the issuance,
exercise or vesting of those Awards.
(i) Stock
Withholding:
The
election to have the Corporation withhold, from the shares of Common Stock
otherwise issuable upon the issuance, exercise or vesting of those Awards a
portion of those shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the
percentage of the Withholding Taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the
Optionee or Participant and make a cash payment equal to such Fair Market Value
directly to the appropriate taxing authorities on such individual’s behalf. The
shares of Common Stock so withheld shall not reduce the number of shares of
Common Stock authorized for issuance under the Plan.
(ii) Stock
Delivery:
The
election to deliver to the Corporation, at the time the Award is issued,
exercised or vests, one or more shares of Common Stock previously acquired
by
such the Optionee or Participant (other than in connection with the issuance,
exercise or vesting triggering the Withholding Taxes) with an aggregate Fair
Market Value equal to the percentage of the Withholding Taxes (not to exceed
100%) designated by such holder. The shares of Common Stock so delivered shall
not be added to the shares of Common Stock authorized for issuance under the
Plan.
(iii) Sale
and Remittance:
The
election to deliver to the Corporation, to the extent the Award is issued or
exercised for vested shares, through a special sale and remittance procedure
pursuant to which the Optionee or Participant shall concurrently provide
irrevocable instructions to a brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of
the
purchased or issued shares and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale
proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the
Withholding Taxes required to be withheld by the Corporation by reason of such
issuance, exercise or vesting.
II. |
Share
Escrow/Legends.
|
Unvested
shares issued under the Plan may, in the Plan Administrator’s discretion, be
held in escrow by the Corporation until the Participant’s interest in such
shares vests or may be issued directly to the Participant with restrictive
legends on the certificates evidencing those unvested shares.
III. |
Effective
Date and Term of the Plan.
|
A. The
Plan
was adopted by the Board on July 19, 2006, subject to stockholder approval
within twelve months after that date. Should stockholder approval not be
obtained within such period, the Plan will be terminated.
B. The
Plan
shall become effective on the Plan Effective Date. Awards may be granted under
the Discretionary Grant Program and the Stock Issuance Program at any time
on or
after the Plan Effective Date.
C. The
Plan
shall terminate upon the earliest to occur of (i) July 19, 2007, if stockholder
approval of the Plan has not yet been obtained, (ii) July 19, 2016, (iii) the
date on which all shares available for issuance under the Plan shall have been
issued as fully-vested shares, (iv) the termination of all outstanding Awards
in
connection with a Change in Control or (v) such other date as the Board in
its
sole discretion terminates the Plan. If the Plan terminates on July 19, 2016
or
on such other date as the Board terminates the Plan, then all Awards outstanding
at that time shall continue to have force and effect in accordance with the
provisions of the documents evidencing such Awards.
IV. |
Amendment,
Suspension or Termination of the Plan.
|
The
Board
may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time, without notice, and in its sole
discretion. The Board shall have complete and exclusive power and authority
to
amend or modify the Plan in any or all respects. However, no such amendment
or
modification shall materially impair the rights and obligations with respect
to
Awards at the time outstanding under the Plan unless the Optionee or the
Participant consents to such amendment or modification. In addition, stockholder
approval will be required for any amendment to the Plan that (i) materially
increases the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under
the
Plan, (ii) materially expands the class of individuals eligible to receive
option grants or other awards under the Plan, (iii) materially increases the
benefits accruing to the Optionees and Participants under the Plan or materially
reduces the price at which shares of Common Stock may be issued or purchased
under the Plan, (iv) materially extends the term of the Plan, (v) expands the
types of awards available for issuance under the Plan or (vi) is required under
applicable laws, rules or regulations to be approved by
stockholders.
Any
cash
proceeds received by the Corporation from the sale of shares of Common Stock
under the Plan shall be used for general corporate purposes.
VI. |
Regulatory
Approvals.
|
A. The
implementation of the Plan, the grant of any Award and the issuance of shares
of
Common Stock in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting of any Award
made under the Plan shall be subject to the Corporation’s procurement of all
approvals and permits required by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction
over the Plan, the Awards made under the Plan and the shares of Common Stock
issuable pursuant to those Awards.
B. No
shares
of Common Stock or other assets shall be issued or delivered under the Plan
unless and until there shall have been compliance with all applicable
requirements of federal and state securities laws, including the filing and
effectiveness of the Form S-8 registration statement for the shares of Common
Stock issuable under the Plan, and all applicable listing requirements of the
NASDAQ Global Market, if applicable, and any stock exchange or other market
on
which Common Stock is then quoted or listed for trading.
VII. |
No
Employment/ Service Rights.
|
Nothing
in the Plan shall confer upon the Optionee or the Participant any right to
continue in Service for any period of specific duration or interfere with or
otherwise restrict in any way the rights of the Corporation (or any Parent
or
Subsidiary employing or retaining such person) or of the Optionee or the
Participant, which rights are hereby expressly reserved by each, to terminate
such person’s Service at any time for any reason, with or without cause.
VIII. |
Non-Exclusivity
of the Plan.
|
Nothing
contained in the Plan is intended to amend, modify, or rescind any previously
approved compensation plans, programs or options entered into by the
Corporation. This Plan shall be construed to be in addition to and independent
of any and all other arrangements. Neither the adoption of the Plan by the
Board
nor the submission of the Plan to the stockholders of the Corporation for
approval shall be construed as creating any limitations on the power or
authority of the Board to adopt, with or without stockholder approval, such
additional or other compensation arrangements as the Board may from time to
time
deem desirable.
All
questions and obligations under the Plan and agreements issued pursuant to
the
Plan shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State
of
Delaware.
X. |
Information
to Optionees and Participants.
|
Optionees
and Participants under the Plan who do not otherwise have access to financial
statements of the Corporation will receive the Corporation’s financial
statements at least annually.
APPENDIX
The
following definitions shall be in effect under the Plan:
A. “Award”
means
any of the following stock or stock-based awards authorized for issuance or
grant under the Plan: stock option, stock appreciation right, direct stock
issuance, restricted stock or restricted stock unit award or other stock-based
award.
B. “Board”
means
the Corporation’s board of directors.
C. “Change
in Control”
shall
be deemed to have occurred if, in a single transaction or series of related
transactions:
(i) any
person (as such term is used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the 1934 Act, or
persons acting as a group, other than a trustee or fiduciary holding securities
under an employment benefit program, is or becomes a “beneficial owner” (as
defined in Rule 13-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly of securities
of the Corporation representing 51% or more of the combined voting power of
the
Corporation, or
(ii) there
is
a merger, consolidation, or other business combination transaction of the
Corporation with or into an other corporation, entity or person, other than
a
transaction in which the holders of at least a majority of the shares of voting
capital stock of the Corporation outstanding immediately prior to such
transaction continue to hold (either by such shares remaining outstanding or
by
their being converted into shares of voting capital stock of the surviving
entity) a majority of the total voting power represented by the shares of voting
capital stock of the Corporation (or surviving entity) outstanding immediately
after such transaction, or
(iii) all
or
substantially all of the Corporation’s assets are sold.
D. “Code”
means
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
E. “Common
Stock”
means
the Corporation’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share.
F. “Compensation
Committee”
means
a
committee of the Board comprised solely of two or more Eligible Directors who
are appointed by the Board to administer the Discretionary Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs, who are “outside directors” within the meaning of Section
162(m) of the Code and who are “non-employee directors” within the meaning of
Rule 16b-3(b)(3)(i).
G. “Consultant”
means
a
consultant or other independent advisor who is under written contract with
the
Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) to provide consulting or advisory
services to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) and whose securities
issued pursuant to the Plan could be registered on Form S-8.
H. “Corporation”
means
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any corporate successor
to
all or substantially all of the assets or voting stock of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc.
that shall by appropriate action adopt the Plan.
I. “Discretionary
Grant Program”
means
the discretionary grant program in effect under Article
Two
of the
Plan pursuant to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be
granted to one or more eligible individuals.
J. “Eligible
Director”
means
a
Board member who is not, at the time of such determination, an employee of
the
Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).
K. “Employee”
means
an individual who is in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or
Subsidiary), subject to the control and direction of the employer entity as
to
both the work to be performed and the manner and method of
performance.
L. “Exercise
Date”
means
the date on which the Corporation shall have received written notice of the
option exercise.
M. “Fair
Market Value”
per
share of Common Stock on any relevant date shall be determined in accordance
with the following provisions:
(i) If
the
Common Stock is at the time traded on the NASDAQ Global Market, then the Fair
Market Value shall be the closing selling price per share of Common Stock at
the
close of regular hours trading (i.e., before after- hours trading begins) on
the
NASDAQ Global Market on the date in question, as such price is reported by
the
National Association of Securities Dealers. If there is no closing selling
price
for the Common Stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall
be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation
exists.
(ii) If
the
Common Stock is not traded on the NASDAQ Global Market but is at the time listed
or quoted on any other market or exchange, then the Fair Market Value shall
be
the closing selling price per share of Common Stock at the close of regular
hours trading (i.e., before after-hours trading begins) on the date in question
on the market or exchange determined by the Plan Administrator to be the primary
market for the Common Stock, as such price is officially quoted in the composite
tape of transactions on such exchange. If there is no closing selling price
for
the Common Stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall
be
the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation
exists.
(iii) In
the
absence of an established market for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value
shall be determined in good faith by the Plan Administrator.
In
addition, with respect to any Incentive Option, the Fair Market Value shall
be
determined in a manner consistent with any regulations issued by the Secretary
of the Treasury for the purpose of determining fair market value of securities
subject to an Incentive Option plan under the Code.
N. “Family
Member”
means,
with respect to a particular Optionee or Participant, any child, stepchild,
grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling,
niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law,
brother-in-law or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships.
O. “Hostile
Take-Over”
means
either of the following events effecting a change in control or ownership of
the
Corporation:
(i) the
acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or related group of persons
(other than the Corporation or a person that directly or indirectly controls,
is
controlled by, or is under common control with, the Corporation) of beneficial
ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the 1934 Act) of securities
possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Corporation’s
outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly
to
the Corporation’s stockholders that the Board does not recommend such
stockholders to accept, or
(ii) a
change
in the composition of the Board over a period of 36 consecutive months or less
such that a majority of the Board members ceases, by reason of one or more
contested elections for Board membership, to be composed of individuals who
either (A) have been Board members continuously since the beginning of such
period or (B) have been elected or nominated for election as Board members
during such period by at least a majority of the Board members described in
clause (A) who were still in office at the time the Board approved such election
or nomination.
P. “Incentive
Option”
means
an option that satisfies the requirements of Code Section 422.
Q. “Involuntary
Termination”
means
the termination of the Service of any individual that occurs by reason
of:
(i) if
such
individual is providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written
contract that defines “cause” or “misconduct” or similar reasons such individual
could be dismissed or discharged by the Corporation, then such individual’s
involuntary dismissal or discharge by the Corporation other than for any of
such
reasons and other than for Misconduct shall be an Involuntary
Termination;
(ii) if
such
individual is not providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written
contract that defines “cause” or “misconduct” or similar reasons such individual
could be dismissed or discharged by the Corporation, then such individual’s
involuntary dismissal or discharge by the Corporation for reasons other than
Misconduct shall be an Involuntary Termination;
(iii) if
such
individual is providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written
contract that defines “good reason” or similar reasons such individual could
voluntarily resign, then such individual’s voluntary resignation for any of such
reasons shall be an Involuntary Termination; or
(iv) if
such
individual is providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written
contract that does not define “good reason” or similar reasons such individual
could voluntarily resign, then such individual’s voluntary resignation following
(A) a change in his or her position with the Corporation that materially reduces
his or her duties and responsibilities or the level of management to which
he or
she reports, (B) a reduction in his or her level of compensation (including
base
salary, fringe benefits and target bonus under any corporate-performance based
bonus or incentive programs) by more than 15% or (C) a relocation of such
individual’s place of employment by more than 50 miles, provided and only if
such change, reduction or relocation is effected by the Corporation without
the
individual’s consent, shall be an Involuntary Termination.
R. “Misconduct”
means
the commission of: any act of fraud, embezzlement or dishonesty by the Optionee
or Participant; any unauthorized use or disclosure by such person of
confidential information or trade secrets of the Corporation (or any Parent
or
Subsidiary); any illegal or improper conduct or intentional misconduct, gross
negligence or recklessness by such person that has adversely affected or, in
the
determination of the Plan Administrator, is likely to adversely affect, the
business, reputation, goodwill or affairs of the Corporation (or any Parent
or
Subsidiary) in a material manner; any conduct that provides a basis for the
Corporation to terminate for “cause,” “misconduct” or similar reasons the
written contract pursuant to which the Optionee or Participant is providing
Services to the Corporation; resignation by the Optionee or Participant on
fewer
than 30 days’ prior written notice and in violation of an agreement to remain in
Service of the Corporation, in anticipation of a termination for “cause,”
“misconduct” or similar reasons under the agreement, or in lieu of a formal
discharge for “cause,” “misconduct” or similar reasons. The foregoing definition
shall not in any way preclude or restrict the right of the Corporation (or
any
Parent or Subsidiary) to discharge or dismiss any Optionee, Participant or
other
person in the Service of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) for
any
other acts or omissions, but such other acts or omissions shall not be deemed,
for purposes of the Plan, to constitute grounds for termination for
Misconduct.
S. “1934
Act”
means
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
T. “Non-Statutory
Option”
means
an option not intended to satisfy the requirements of Code Section
422.
U. “Optionee”
means
any person to whom an option is granted under the Discretionary Grant
Program.
V. “Parent”
means
any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of
corporations ending with the Corporation, provided each corporation in the
unbroken chain (other than the Corporation) owns, at the time of the
determination, stock possessing 50% or more of the total combined voting power
of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such
chain.
W. “Participant”
means
any person who is issued shares of Common Stock or restricted stock units or
other stock-based awards under the Stock Issuance Program.
X. “Permanent
Disability”
or
“Permanently
Disabled”
means
the inability of the Optionee or the Participant to engage in any substantial
gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental
impairment expected to result in death or to be of continuous duration of twelve
months or more.
Y. “Plan”
means
the Corporation’s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, as set forth in this
document.
Z. “Plan
Administrator”
means
the particular entity, whether the Compensation Committee or the Board, which
is
authorized to administer the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs
with respect to one or more classes of eligible persons, to the extent such
entity is carrying out its administrative functions under those programs with
respect to the persons then subject to its jurisdiction.
AA. “Plan
Effective Date”
means
the date that stockholder approval of the Plan is obtained in accordance with
Section
III.A.
of
Article
Four.
BB. “Section
16 Insider”
means
an officer or director of the Corporation subject to the short-swing profit
liability provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act.
CC. “Service”
means
the performance of services for the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary)
by
a person in the capacity of an Employee, an Eligible Director or a Consultant,
except to the extent otherwise specifically provided in the documents evidencing
the Award made to such person. For purposes of the Plan, an Optionee or
Participant shall be deemed to cease Service immediately upon the occurrence
of
the either of the following events: (i) the Optionee or Participant no longer
performs services in any of the foregoing capacities for the Corporation or
any
Parent or Subsidiary or (ii) the entity for which the Optionee or Participant
is
performing such services ceases to remain a Parent or Subsidiary of the
Corporation, even though the Optionee or Participant may subsequently continue
to perform services for that entity.
DD. “Stock
Issuance Agreement”
means
the agreement entered into by the Corporation and the Participant at the time
of
issuance of shares of Common Stock under the Stock Issuance
Program.
EE. “Stock
Issuance Program”
means
the stock issuance program in effect under Article Three of the
Plan.
FF. “Subsidiary”
means
any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of
corporations beginning with the Corporation, provided each corporation (other
than the last corporation) in the unbroken chain owns, at the time of the
determination, stock possessing 50% or more of the total combined voting power
of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such
chain.
GG. “Take-Over
Price”
means
the greater of (i) the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date
the option is surrendered to the Corporation in connection with a Hostile
Take-Over or, if applicable, (ii) the highest reported price per share of Common
Stock paid by the tender offeror in effecting such Hostile Take-Over through
the
acquisition of such Common Stock. However, if the surrendered option is an
Incentive Option, the Take-Over Price shall not exceed the clause (i) price
per
share.
HH. “10%
Stockholder”
means
the owner of stock (as determined under Code Section 424(d)) possessing more
than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the
Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).
II. “Withholding
Taxes”
means
the federal, state and local income and employment taxes to which the Optionee
or Participant may become subject in connection with the issuance, exercise
or
vesting of the Award made to him or her under the Plan.
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